Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts are considered current from immediately after an event to months later, while conference papers and reports are usually current from a few months after to less than a year later. Journal articles are generally current from several months after an event to over a year later, and books are current a year or more after. The currency of a source relates to how soon after an event it was published.
Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts are considered current from immediately after an event to months later, while conference papers and reports are usually current from a few months after to less than a year later. Journal articles are generally current from several months after an event to over a year later, and books are current a year or more after. The currency of a source relates to how recently after the covered event or time period it was published.
Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts provide immediate information but may be outdated within months, while conference papers and reports typically cover information from a few months prior to less than a year ago. Journal articles often discuss research from several months to over a year earlier. Books generally present information that is a year or more old since they take longer to research, write, and publish.
There are no definitive rules for when to end a literature review. A comprehensive review should include all sources that meet the search criteria or allow further criteria to be applied to determine which sources receive analysis. A review identifying significant contributions should cover highly cited works and recent, unique or impactful works. A review framing new research should represent all key issues influencing the new work. Repeating themes in the literature means the breadth of knowledge has been covered. Researchers should continue scanning for new contributions over their work's duration by setting up automated search queries with database providers.
This document defines literature reviews and outlines their common purposes and products. It discusses two major divisions of literature reviews - those that introduce original research, and those that only collect and summarize existing literature. For the second type, the four most common products are comprehensive assessments of a knowledge domain, quantitative/qualitative assessments of current research, summaries of other reviews, and critical reviews. The intent and desired end product determines how comprehensive the literature review should be.
Literature reviews have specific purposes and end products depending on their type. There are two major types: those that introduce or frame original research, and those that only collect and summarize existing literature. Common products of summarizing reviews include comprehensive assessments of a knowledge domain, quantitative/qualitative assessments of current research through sampling or examining all literature, summaries of other reviews to synthesize information, and critical reviews of influential sources. The intent and end product of the review determines how comprehensive the literature search should be.
This document discusses how to judge the relevance of information based on its utility. Relevance refers to how well an item meets an information need and depends on its relationship to the topic and practical application. Relevance is often a matter of degree rather than binary. To determine relevance, one must understand the purpose of the information search. Ultimately, for information to be relevant it must be useful - it must add new information not already known. Information from other domains can also be relevant if it helps solve a problem in one's own domain.
Credibility is an important factor in determining the relevance of information to an information need. To judge credibility, researchers should consider the author's credentials, the publication process such as peer review, and how the knowledge community has responded to the work. Several sources can provide information to assess credibility, such as details about peer review in a database record, information on journals from Ulrichsweb, and metrics on the prestige of the publishing journal. Sections within articles like the methods, results, and conclusions can also provide insight into credibility. Ultimately, individual researchers must make their own judgment about whether a work is credible enough to be relevant for their specific information need.
Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts are considered current from immediately after an event to months later, while conference papers and reports are usually current from a few months after to less than a year later. Journal articles are generally current from several months after an event to over a year later, and books are current a year or more after. The currency of a source relates to how soon after an event it was published.
Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts are considered current from immediately after an event to months later, while conference papers and reports are usually current from a few months after to less than a year later. Journal articles are generally current from several months after an event to over a year later, and books are current a year or more after. The currency of a source relates to how recently after the covered event or time period it was published.
Currency of information depends on how quickly a field is evolving. Social media posts provide immediate information but may be outdated within months, while conference papers and reports typically cover information from a few months prior to less than a year ago. Journal articles often discuss research from several months to over a year earlier. Books generally present information that is a year or more old since they take longer to research, write, and publish.
There are no definitive rules for when to end a literature review. A comprehensive review should include all sources that meet the search criteria or allow further criteria to be applied to determine which sources receive analysis. A review identifying significant contributions should cover highly cited works and recent, unique or impactful works. A review framing new research should represent all key issues influencing the new work. Repeating themes in the literature means the breadth of knowledge has been covered. Researchers should continue scanning for new contributions over their work's duration by setting up automated search queries with database providers.
This document defines literature reviews and outlines their common purposes and products. It discusses two major divisions of literature reviews - those that introduce original research, and those that only collect and summarize existing literature. For the second type, the four most common products are comprehensive assessments of a knowledge domain, quantitative/qualitative assessments of current research, summaries of other reviews, and critical reviews. The intent and desired end product determines how comprehensive the literature review should be.
Literature reviews have specific purposes and end products depending on their type. There are two major types: those that introduce or frame original research, and those that only collect and summarize existing literature. Common products of summarizing reviews include comprehensive assessments of a knowledge domain, quantitative/qualitative assessments of current research through sampling or examining all literature, summaries of other reviews to synthesize information, and critical reviews of influential sources. The intent and end product of the review determines how comprehensive the literature search should be.
This document discusses how to judge the relevance of information based on its utility. Relevance refers to how well an item meets an information need and depends on its relationship to the topic and practical application. Relevance is often a matter of degree rather than binary. To determine relevance, one must understand the purpose of the information search. Ultimately, for information to be relevant it must be useful - it must add new information not already known. Information from other domains can also be relevant if it helps solve a problem in one's own domain.
Credibility is an important factor in determining the relevance of information to an information need. To judge credibility, researchers should consider the author's credentials, the publication process such as peer review, and how the knowledge community has responded to the work. Several sources can provide information to assess credibility, such as details about peer review in a database record, information on journals from Ulrichsweb, and metrics on the prestige of the publishing journal. Sections within articles like the methods, results, and conclusions can also provide insight into credibility. Ultimately, individual researchers must make their own judgment about whether a work is credible enough to be relevant for their specific information need.
This document discusses judging the relevance of information based on its subject. It defines relevance as how well an item meets an information need. Relevance is determined on a degree, not a binary scale. Information can fall into three zones of relevance - the specific subject domain, broad subject domain, or outside the domain but still tangentially related. When assessing relevance, one should understand their information need and scan different parts of research articles like the abstract, keywords, background, and conclusions to determine the subjects discussed. Database records and paper sections like the abstract and keywords can help identify the topics covered.
This document discusses judging the relevance of information based on information needs. It defines relevance as how well an item meets an information need, which can be a matter of degree rather than binary. When judging relevance, one must understand the purpose of the information search. There are many types of reviews with different purposes that affect what is considered relevant. Systematic reviews take an exhaustive look at literature, critical reviews focus on influential sources, and literature reviews for research papers select sources that frame the research. The relevance of articles depends on the objective of the specific review.
This document discusses two techniques for finding relevant articles: searching for similar articles based on references from an initial article, or searching based on subject words if no initial articles have been identified yet. Searching for similar articles utilizes the references and information from an article that has already been found to locate related articles, while searching based on subject words relies on descriptive terms when no initial articles are available as a starting point.
Library databases collect and index information on defined subject areas, with some overlap between databases. Each database represents a subset of journals focused on a specific information need. To determine the best database to search, categorize your topic into broad subject areas like general/cross-disciplinary, general science education, or engineering & technology as a starting point, then search multiple databases as needed to find the required information.
Each source references other related sources, creating a network that can be followed forward or backward in time to find additional relevant information. Useful information like keywords, subject terms, related documents, and authors from a known source can also be leveraged to discover other related sources. This document discusses how existing sources can be used to find new sources by following citation links between documents and utilizing metadata like titles and authors.
Searching a database can be done in different ways:
1) Searching for works by a specific author or institution looks for all records containing that author or institution. This provides a narrow search focused on one entity.
2) Searching for sources about a known topic uses what is already known about the topic to find additional publications on that topic. The topic is defined with some level of detail.
3) Both author/institution searches and topic searches may find sources that were previously unknown or found, depending on the search terms and database searched.
This document defines two types of information needs based on specificity: searching for a known reference where the publication details are already known, and searching for sources that meet certain criteria where the topic is defined but specific publications are unknown. It provides examples of each, such as finding a specific published article with a known title and authors, or finding any articles on a general topic like coordinated control of UAVs.
The document discusses topic specificity for research, noting that while a perfectly defined topic is not necessary to begin searching, a well-defined topic allows for more efficient searching. It recommends thinking of a topic as a focused area of interest within a broader domain and provides examples of poorly defined, broadly defined, and narrowly defined research topics, with autonomous vehicles, autonomous UAVs, and image recognition algorithms for vision systems in autonomous UAVs as examples ranging from broad to narrow.
Concept blocking is a search strategy that breaks topics down into major concepts represented by search terms. Each concept is described with synonyms to capture alternative wordings. The search strings combine the concepts with Boolean operators - using AND between concepts and OR between synonyms. This intuitive approach represents the intersection of knowledge domains that comprise topics. An example breaks down the topic of coordinated control of UAVs into search terms for unmanned aerial vehicles, control/automation, and coordination/cooperation.
This document discusses how to determine the currency, or recency, of information sources. It notes that what is considered current depends on how rapidly the field is changing, with articles about new materials potentially remaining current for 5 years while those on additive manufacturing may date quickly. It also explains that different source types, like newspapers, conference papers, journal articles, and books, cover events and research at different points along the information cycle, from immediate coverage to discussion years later.
Peer-reviewed journals can be identified by searching Ulrichsweb or checking the publication's website for information about their peer review process. Conference articles found in proceedings may contain more current information than journal articles but are typically not reviewed to the same extent. Other sources like books, theses, dissertations, reports and patents can be identified from their search record but are generally not considered peer-reviewed.
This document discusses concept blocking strategy, an intuitive method for searching topics that breaks them down into major concepts represented by search terms. It recommends using subject terms from databases and considering related terms from thesauri to broaden searches. Search strings should use AND between concepts to narrow the topic and OR between similar terms, while removing concepts broadens the topic. An example search string is provided to coordinate control of unmanned aerial vehicles using subject terms from Compendex.
This document describes the successive fractions strategy for searching, where a searcher starts with a broad search term related to their topic of interest. They then review the results to identify more specific ideas or topics to refine the search with, adding these additional terms with Boolean AND operators. An example is provided where a searcher starts with a search on "UAV" or "drone", then examines results to add a second search term like "control" or "coordination" to narrow the results. The strategy aims to iteratively refine the search through multiple steps until a manageable number of relevant results are obtained.
Web of Science and Scopus are citation indexes that provide access to articles in the broad sciences and assist researchers by tracking who cites whom in their articles. Citation indexes allow researchers to find a known article and then click "Cited by" to get a list of articles that have cited the original article.
Subject terms, also known as controlled vocabulary, are special words used by databases to describe what an article is about. Using subject terms allows for a precise search, as the selected terms do not need to be explicitly stated in an article's text. To perform a subject search, you must know the specific terms used by the database. Reviewing subject terms from previous relevant articles found in that database can help identify appropriate search terms, as controlled vocabularies vary between databases.
Database selection google scholar citationDavidPixton
Google Scholar uses web crawlers to link citations together across a broad range of sources on the internet, providing a very comprehensive set of scholarly search results. It tracks citations to articles and papers, allowing users to see which works cite a particular publication. Google Scholar searches a wide variety of academic publications without requiring users to sign in or pay for access.
There are several types of sources that can provide information, with peer-reviewed journals being the most authoritative due to a rigorous review process either through an online database or publication website. Conference articles are typically not reviewed to the same degree as journals but can contain more recent findings, while books, theses, reports and patents are not usually peer-reviewed but may still offer relevant information.
The database thesaurus provides a controlled vocabulary to ensure consistent representation of subjects. It is valuable for determining which words to use in a search, as indexers use this controlled vocabulary. Users should use the thesaurus in the database to find the controlled terms for their topic.
This document discusses judging the relevance of information based on its subject. It defines relevance as how well an item meets an information need. Relevance is determined on a degree, not a binary scale. Information can fall into three zones of relevance - the specific subject domain, broad subject domain, or outside the domain but still tangentially related. When assessing relevance, one should understand their information need and scan different parts of research articles like the abstract, keywords, background, and conclusions to determine the subjects discussed. Database records and paper sections like the abstract and keywords can help identify the topics covered.
This document discusses judging the relevance of information based on information needs. It defines relevance as how well an item meets an information need, which can be a matter of degree rather than binary. When judging relevance, one must understand the purpose of the information search. There are many types of reviews with different purposes that affect what is considered relevant. Systematic reviews take an exhaustive look at literature, critical reviews focus on influential sources, and literature reviews for research papers select sources that frame the research. The relevance of articles depends on the objective of the specific review.
This document discusses two techniques for finding relevant articles: searching for similar articles based on references from an initial article, or searching based on subject words if no initial articles have been identified yet. Searching for similar articles utilizes the references and information from an article that has already been found to locate related articles, while searching based on subject words relies on descriptive terms when no initial articles are available as a starting point.
Library databases collect and index information on defined subject areas, with some overlap between databases. Each database represents a subset of journals focused on a specific information need. To determine the best database to search, categorize your topic into broad subject areas like general/cross-disciplinary, general science education, or engineering & technology as a starting point, then search multiple databases as needed to find the required information.
Each source references other related sources, creating a network that can be followed forward or backward in time to find additional relevant information. Useful information like keywords, subject terms, related documents, and authors from a known source can also be leveraged to discover other related sources. This document discusses how existing sources can be used to find new sources by following citation links between documents and utilizing metadata like titles and authors.
Searching a database can be done in different ways:
1) Searching for works by a specific author or institution looks for all records containing that author or institution. This provides a narrow search focused on one entity.
2) Searching for sources about a known topic uses what is already known about the topic to find additional publications on that topic. The topic is defined with some level of detail.
3) Both author/institution searches and topic searches may find sources that were previously unknown or found, depending on the search terms and database searched.
This document defines two types of information needs based on specificity: searching for a known reference where the publication details are already known, and searching for sources that meet certain criteria where the topic is defined but specific publications are unknown. It provides examples of each, such as finding a specific published article with a known title and authors, or finding any articles on a general topic like coordinated control of UAVs.
The document discusses topic specificity for research, noting that while a perfectly defined topic is not necessary to begin searching, a well-defined topic allows for more efficient searching. It recommends thinking of a topic as a focused area of interest within a broader domain and provides examples of poorly defined, broadly defined, and narrowly defined research topics, with autonomous vehicles, autonomous UAVs, and image recognition algorithms for vision systems in autonomous UAVs as examples ranging from broad to narrow.
Concept blocking is a search strategy that breaks topics down into major concepts represented by search terms. Each concept is described with synonyms to capture alternative wordings. The search strings combine the concepts with Boolean operators - using AND between concepts and OR between synonyms. This intuitive approach represents the intersection of knowledge domains that comprise topics. An example breaks down the topic of coordinated control of UAVs into search terms for unmanned aerial vehicles, control/automation, and coordination/cooperation.
This document discusses how to determine the currency, or recency, of information sources. It notes that what is considered current depends on how rapidly the field is changing, with articles about new materials potentially remaining current for 5 years while those on additive manufacturing may date quickly. It also explains that different source types, like newspapers, conference papers, journal articles, and books, cover events and research at different points along the information cycle, from immediate coverage to discussion years later.
Peer-reviewed journals can be identified by searching Ulrichsweb or checking the publication's website for information about their peer review process. Conference articles found in proceedings may contain more current information than journal articles but are typically not reviewed to the same extent. Other sources like books, theses, dissertations, reports and patents can be identified from their search record but are generally not considered peer-reviewed.
This document discusses concept blocking strategy, an intuitive method for searching topics that breaks them down into major concepts represented by search terms. It recommends using subject terms from databases and considering related terms from thesauri to broaden searches. Search strings should use AND between concepts to narrow the topic and OR between similar terms, while removing concepts broadens the topic. An example search string is provided to coordinate control of unmanned aerial vehicles using subject terms from Compendex.
This document describes the successive fractions strategy for searching, where a searcher starts with a broad search term related to their topic of interest. They then review the results to identify more specific ideas or topics to refine the search with, adding these additional terms with Boolean AND operators. An example is provided where a searcher starts with a search on "UAV" or "drone", then examines results to add a second search term like "control" or "coordination" to narrow the results. The strategy aims to iteratively refine the search through multiple steps until a manageable number of relevant results are obtained.
Web of Science and Scopus are citation indexes that provide access to articles in the broad sciences and assist researchers by tracking who cites whom in their articles. Citation indexes allow researchers to find a known article and then click "Cited by" to get a list of articles that have cited the original article.
Subject terms, also known as controlled vocabulary, are special words used by databases to describe what an article is about. Using subject terms allows for a precise search, as the selected terms do not need to be explicitly stated in an article's text. To perform a subject search, you must know the specific terms used by the database. Reviewing subject terms from previous relevant articles found in that database can help identify appropriate search terms, as controlled vocabularies vary between databases.
Database selection google scholar citationDavidPixton
Google Scholar uses web crawlers to link citations together across a broad range of sources on the internet, providing a very comprehensive set of scholarly search results. It tracks citations to articles and papers, allowing users to see which works cite a particular publication. Google Scholar searches a wide variety of academic publications without requiring users to sign in or pay for access.
There are several types of sources that can provide information, with peer-reviewed journals being the most authoritative due to a rigorous review process either through an online database or publication website. Conference articles are typically not reviewed to the same degree as journals but can contain more recent findings, while books, theses, reports and patents are not usually peer-reviewed but may still offer relevant information.
The database thesaurus provides a controlled vocabulary to ensure consistent representation of subjects. It is valuable for determining which words to use in a search, as indexers use this controlled vocabulary. Users should use the thesaurus in the database to find the controlled terms for their topic.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
1. CURRENCY OF SOURCES
William Hoiles from Basking Ridge, NJ, USA [CC BY 2.0
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
2. • Information sources may be found at any point along
the information cycle after an event:
• Determining Currency of Information
z What is
considered
“current”
depends on
how fast the
field is moving.
Social Media Posts
Immediate to
months after
Conference
Papers, Reports
(Typically) A few
months after to
less than a year
Journal Articles
(Typically) Several
months after to
more than a year
Books
(Typically) A year
to several years
after
3. v
When you are finished viewing this material, please
close this tab on your browser and return to the
Decision-based Learning tab.
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