Modern people think of cosmetic surgery

1. 臺北市景文高級中學
專題製作報告
《現代人對整型的看法 Cosmetic Surgery》
學生姓名：英三 2 10220002 方 嘉 琪
英三 2 10220006 王 譽 靜
英三 2 10220040 陳 品 頤
英三 2 10220096 楊 詠 文
指導教師： 應英科 林雅仁 老師
中華民國 105 年 5 月
臺
北
市
景
文
高
級
中
學
應
用
英
語
科
專
題
報
告
《
現
代
人
對
整
形
的
看
法
CosmeticSurgery
》
學
生
姓
名
:
方
嘉
琪
、
王
譽
靜
、
陳
品
頤
、
楊
詠
文
民
104

2. 臺北市景文高級中學
專題報告審定書
班級： 英三 2 姓名：方嘉琪
班級： 英三 2 姓名：王譽靜
班級： 英三 2 姓名：陳品頤
班級： 英三 2 姓名：楊詠文
於 104 學年度專題製作報告，題目：現代人對整型的看法
Cosmetic Surgery，經評審委員會評定及格准于通過專題報告
審定。
評審委員：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
評審委員：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
評審委員：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
指導老師：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
科 主 任 ：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

3. 專題報告電子檔案上網授權書
本授權書所授權之專題報告為授權人在臺北市景文高級中學 104 學 第 2
學期所完成。
專題題目：(中) 現代人對整型的看法 Cosmetic Surgery─以景文高中應英科
三年級為例
(英) The modern people think of cosmetic surgery
指導 師：林雅仁
茲同意將授權人擁有著作權之上 報告全文(含摘要)，非專屬、無償授權臺
北市景文高級中學， 限地域、時間與次 ，以微縮、光碟或其他各種 位
化方式將上 報告重製，並得將 位化之上 報告電子檔以上載網 方式，
提供 者基於非營 性質之線上檢 、閱覽，或並下載、 印。
者基於非營 性質之線上檢 、閱覽或下載、 印上開報告，應依著作權
法相關
規定辦 。
指導 師： (請親筆正楷簽名)
授 權 人
學生姓名： (請親筆正楷簽名)
中華民國 105 5 月

4. 致謝
專題終於圓滿完成。製作的過程中，我們面臨了許多的問題，同時也解
決了許多的問題，在這過程當中我們成長了許多，不論是在知識的獲取、研
究方法及團隊合作的學習，我們都有學到了相當多的經驗，雖然在過程當中
我們有過許多的挫敗、成功，我們還是完成了這份報告。
本篇專題能夠如期的完成，首先感謝指導老師林雅仁老師，給我們這麼
多的學習機會與發揮空間，並在報告研究上面提供寶貴的意見。感謝他總是
在我們最需要協助的時候，適時的教導我們與鼓勵我們對我們問題疑問解答
熱情協助，一起討論題目、文獻探討、架構以及撰寫，提供我們意見並給予
我們很大的鼓勵，使本報告更完美。在此我們致上最深的謝意，感謝老師的
教導與帶領，這份情義我們將永記在心。
接下來要感謝一起製作專題的夥伴們，因為有大家的互相配合、互相包
容，所以才能夠順利的完成此專題。我們在不知不覺中重新認識了各式解決
問題的方法、團隊合作精神以及誠實的面對自己所擔負的責任，才能在時間
之內完成我們的專題研究。謝謝大家這段期間的辛苦、努力與付出，在無數
次的意見交流，相信彼此學習到不少知識與經驗。還要感謝參與我們調查的
同學們，謝謝你們寶貴的意見，才能使得我們的報告更完整。最後再次向當
駐我們完成專題的老師、同學們在此致上最深的敬意和感激。

5. ABSTRACT
Title： The people think of Cosmetic surgery Pages：24
School: Taipei Jing Wen High School
Department：Applied English
Time：May, 2016
Researcher： Fang Chia Chi, Wang Yu Jing, Chen Pin Yei, Yang Young Wen
Keywords：Cosmetic Surgery
With the development of cosmetic surgery technology, cosmetic surgery be-
comes more popular. We can get information about cosmetic surgery via the
television, leaflets and the Internet. Actually, the original purpose of plastic
surgery is not about being beautiful. What’s more, performing cosmetic sur-
gery is always potentially risky. Some people do not agree with cosmetic sur-
gery, but others still try it on their own risk. Therefore, we decided to conduct
a survey. We compared modern cosmetic surgery with traditional plastic sur-
gery. As time goes by, people have become more open-minded, but the views
of cosmetic surgery go to extremes. Some people want to have a cosmetic sur-
gery because they are dissatisfied with their appearance. They think they can
build up confidence by having cosmetic surgery. However, there are still some
people who still can’t accept cosmetic surgery. They think that the true beau-
ty is being yourself. What’s more, cosmetic surgery still has some defects.
For example, nerve damage, organ damage, infection and so on.
To sum up, we distributed questionnaires to 100 3rd grade students who study
at Applied English Department, Jin Wen High School. but there were only 83
participants fitting our standard. Statistics figures and charts are included for
reference. According to the statistical data that we got, we have proved that
performing cosmetic surgery can improve self-confidence and the main reason
of “what makes people want to have cosmetic surgery” is dissatisfaction
with their appearance which proved our views as well.

6. 摘 要
專題名稱： 現代人對整形的看法 頁數：24
校所別：台北市景文高中
時間：105 年 5 月
研究者：方嘉琪，王譽靜，陳品頤，楊詠文
關鍵詞： 整形看法
隨著科技發展 整形已經變得越來越能被接受 我們通過電視 傳單及網路
都能得到關於整形的資訊 因此 我們決定調查現代人對於整形的看法 我們
將過去及現代的整形做了比較 雖然隨著時代 人們思想越來越開放 但關於
整形的看法始終是兩極化 有些人可以接受整形 因為他們不滿意自己的外
觀或是曾經被別人嘲笑 他們認為整形可以增加自信 但還是有些人不能接
受 他們認為自然就是美 而且整形有許多風險
言而總之，我們發給景文高中應英科三年級學生一百份的問卷，且得到的
數據是可用且完整的。整理出來的數據、詳細的分析圖表可以在後面的文
章中看到。根據得到的數據，結果得到大部份的人可以接受整形而且最主
要的原因是因為可以增加自信 和我們假設的觀點是和現實相符合的。

7. Table of Contents
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction p1
Chapter 2 Literature review
2.1 The definition p2
2.2 Why people do plastic surgery in the past and modern? p3
2.3 Why people do cosmetic surgery? p5
2.4 What do people think of cosmetic surgery p6
2.5 Risks and dangers of plastic surgery, Sequela of plastic sur-
gery p7
Chapter3 Methodology p8
Chapter4 Data analysis p9
Chapter5 Conclusion p18
Reference p19
Appendix p21

8. 1
List of Figure
Figure 1 Walter Yeo………………………………………………………p4
Chart 1 What do you think of beautiful and good look …………………..p10
Chart 2 Do you satisfy your appearance…………………………………..p11
Chart 3 Can you accept cosmetic surgery………………………………... p12
Chart 4 Do you want to have cosmetic surgery………………………….. p13
Chart 5 If can make, which surgery you want to have………………….…p14
Chart 6 What makes you want to have cosmetic surgery…………………p15
Chart 7 Reason that you don’t want to do cosmetic surgery……………...p16
Chart 8 Do you think that we can improve confidence by cosmetic sur-
g e r y……………………………………………………………………. p 1 7
Chart 9 Can you accept your friends of family members do cosmetic sur-
g e r y………………………………………………………………p 1 8

9. 2
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation and purpose
In the past, plastic surgery (also called cosmetic surgery) can be helpful for
correcting birth defects or people who influenced by diseases and accidents.
However, with the development of technology, plastic surgery has become more
popular, and the demand for cosmetic surgery is also increasing. Cosmetic surgery
(aesthetic plastic surgery) aims to improve basically the appearance of a person,
while plastic surgery may go further in different fields, including reconstruction.
When it comes to cosmetic surgery, the American society for Aesthetic Plastic
Surgery(ASAPS) released its complete 18th annual multi-specialty statistical data
which shows an aesthetic plastic surgery spend consistent with the figures for 2013,
with Americans spending more than 12 billion dollars on surgical and nonsurgical
procedures for the second year in a row. With more than 10 million cosmetic
procedures performed in 2014, those that showed the largest growth in volume on
a year-over-year basis included buttock augmentation (up 86%), labiaplasty (up
49%), and nonsurgical fat reduction (up 42%). Additionally, more men are
turning to aesthetic cosmetic procedures, with dramatic increases seen in both
surgical and nonsurgical options over the past 5 years and a 43% increase overall.
So, we want to know if cosmetic surgery can increase confidence. likewise,
we are eager to know whether modern people can accept cosmetic surgery.

10. 3
Chapter 2 Literature Reviews
2.1The definition
There are two types of surgery — Plastic surgery and Cosmetic surgery.
Cosmetic surgery maybe can change your life. It can solve personal problems. It
may make yourself- confidence greater and make your sense well. But cosmetic
surgery is a personal choice and should be done by yourself. A number of people
tend to cosmetic surgery which is on the rise.
Even everyone knows the cosmetic risky and dangerous, more and more
people still select this way to become more beautiful and so on. Owing to regular
inventions and innovations in science, technology and skill, the cosmetic surgery
becomes more acceptable.
If you’ve always thought the cosmetic surgery is similar to the plastic
surgery, you are fault. Actually, a considerable number of cosmetic surgery is to
focus on the how to become more beautiful. However, plastic surgery is
concentrate on reconstruction.
A considerable number of plastic surgeon chooses to focus their practice on
cosmetic surgery, and therefore, the terms are often used alternatively. But this is
not technically correct. Cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery are closely
connected specialties, but they are not the same.

11. 4
2.2 Why people do plastic surgery in the Past and
Modern ?
2.2.1 Past
There are two types of surgery— Plastic surgery and Cosmetic surgery.
People do plastic surgery is not to be pretty. Cosmetic surgery is a way to
make people can be more pretty. But plastic surgery is not necessarily cosmetic. It
includes many types of reconstructive surgery such as the therapy of burns.
Plastic surgery in past is used to reconstruction on abnormal structures of the
body caused by congenital defects, developmental abnormalities, trauma, infec-
tion, tumors or disease. It is generally performed to improve functions, but may
also be done to approximate a normal appearance. Reconstructive surgery is gen-
erally covered by most health insurance policies, although coverage for specific
procedures and levels of coverage may vary greatly.
The question which most burn victims often asked, “Doctor, am I look
normal again?”
2.2.2 Modern
Figure 6 Cosmetic surgery first appeared in Germany. In 1910, the surgeon
Jacques Joseph in Berlin performed his first successful cosmetic rhinoplasty via
nasal incision. Both world wars created vast numbers of men who had been
disfigured. Rapid developments in transportation and cars also led to an
increasing number of traffic accidents and "casualties". These led to rapid
redevelopments in plastic surgery. Procedures such as implantation, skin grafts
and bone grafts were successfully performed. Facial plastic surgeries also became
more common later on. Making changes to the face for beauty and youth was no
longer a difficult task in the field of plastic surgery. In these days, it can be said
that one's eyes, nose, chin, ears, wrinkles, breasts, abdomen, thighs and hips can
all undergo successful beautification.Burn injuries account for over 100,000
hospital admissions every year. The common victims almost are children and

12. 5
teenagers. Injuries to the head and neck account for about 50% of all burn
injuries.
2.2.3 Walter Yeo
Walter Ernest O'Neil Yeo (20 October 1890 – 1960)
A young sailor from Plymouth, Devon. Grow up during the World War I.
And he is the first person who benefit from advanced plastic surgery.
Yeo was injured on 31 May 1916. During the Battle of Jutland. He suffered
from the terrible facial injuries, including the loss of upper and lower eyelids. He
was given new eyelids with a “mask" of skin. Implanting skin and eyes in his
face.
Figure 1 Walter Yeo

13. 6
2.3 Why people do cosmetic surgery?
In every 77 people in South Korea, one of them did plastic surgery.
Shockingly, 20 percent of women aged 19 to 49 in Seoul admit that they did
cosmetic surgery making the eyes bigger and more like westerner.
People get cosmetic surgery for many reasons, for example: increase self-
confidence, to name a few.
▲ Look Younger
Some people want to look younger. Lots of elder women want to remove
excess fat deposits from beneath the skin because their husband, and so on.
▲ Be More Beauty
Some people want to change their appearance that they've never liked,
because they get some criticisms in their life. Thus, they cosmetic surgery to
increase self-confidence.
▲ Fashion
Many girls get influence from foreign culture. With Korean idol drama,
many young people, especially girls who want to be beauty like the characters.

14. 7
2.4 What do people think of cosmetic surgery
When you hear of cosmetic surgery, how do you think of? Some idols, singer
and performer trying to delay the aging. People who want to change the size of
their eyes, legs, or other body parts.
Nowadays, cosmetic surgery has become more popular for modern people.
Cosmetic surgery can alter the appearance. So some people think that can enhance
self-esteem. But other people do not agree with it. They think cosmetic surgery is
too dangerous for people.
These procedures would only require 8 hours and were not too complicated.
Making change to the face for beauty and youth was no longer a difficult task in
the field of cosmetic surgery. In these days, it can be said that one’s eyes, nose
chin, ears, wrinkles, breasts, abdomen, thighs and hips can all undergo successful
beatification.

15. 8
2.5 Risks and dangers of plastic surgery
In modern situation, due to the development of plastic surgery technology,
the area of plastic surgery has become safer. There is a large improvement for
technology, but the risk and dangers of plastic surgery cannot be ignored.
Possible complications for cosmetic surgery includes:
▲ Complications related to anesthesia, including pneumonia and blood
clots.
▲ Infection at the incision site, may worsen scarring.
▲ Mild bleeding, may require another surgery procedure or a
transfusion.
▲Obvious scarring or skin breakdown.
Many people decide on having plastic surgery after they've seen the results
on someone else. The number of people who go for plastic surgery is rising. In
spite of everyone knows risks and dangers of plastic surgery, but still more and
more people are choose for this method. Therefore before you decide to go for a
plastic surgery, getting yourself empowered with the knowledge of risks and
dangers involved.
2.6 Sequela of plastic surgery
▲ Pain and discomfort – which may require painkillers for a few days
▲ Bleeding – which may require a blood transfusion if severe
▲ Infection – which may require antibiotics or further surgery
▲ Scarring – you will have scars where incisions were made during surgery,
although these will usually fade over time

16. 9
Chapter 3 Methodology
3.1 Method
To satisfy our curiosity, we want to know what modern people think about
cosmetic surgery. We designed a questionnaire based on the information we had
got from the Internet and conducted a survey.
In order to answer our research questions, we chose to use quantitative
search. We targeted twelfth-grade students, 31 males and 46 females, from JWSH.
We made question 1 to figure out the definition of beauty. Besides, we want to
know if our objectives agree with cosmetic surgery, so we use our major question
3, 8 and 9 to confirm that. According to the statistical data, we classified and ana-
lyzed them. With these data, we know how people think of cosmetic surgery.

17. 10
Chapter 4 Data analysis
4.1 The analysis of all information
4.1.1 What do you think of beautiful and good look?
34%
27%
25%
6%
3%
6%
fair complexion
Prominent-nose
Oval face
Cherry mouse
Almond eyes
Other
Chart 1
Originally we thought the “Prominent- nose” was the main reason that
made public think beautiful and good look.
But the outcome showed that the ”fair complexion” was the main cause.

18. 11
4.1.2 Do you satisfy your appearance?
According to this pie chart, most people were satisfied with their
appearance, but some people dissatisfied their appearance, those people
who may have the cosmetic surgery.
Chart 2

19. 12
4.1.3 Can you accept cosmetic surgery?
In this pie chart, There were 62% of our participants can accept the cosmetic
surgery, we can learn that covering half people accept cosmetic surgery. But
there were 38% our participants didn't accept.
Agree > Disagree
Chart 3

20. 13
4.1.4 Do you want to have cosmetic surgery?
There are almost three times more than people who don't want to have it.
But they are agree with cosmetic surgery.
No > Yes
Chart 4

21. 14
4.1.5 If you can make, which surgery you want to have?
According to this pie chart, there were 34% of our participants choose
bone reduction. It's obvious that bone reduction is the most popular sur-
gery. Second and third is rhinoplasty and eyelid surgery.
Chart 5

22. 15
4.1.6 What makes you want to have cosmetic surgery ?
In this pie chart, 48% of our participants want to have cosmetic surgery because they
dissatisfied with their appearance. So we can found that dissatisfaction with appearance is
the main reason.
Chart 6

23. 16
4.1.7. Reasons that you don't want to do cosmetic surgery.
According to this pie chart, there were 32% of our participants thought beauty
is being yourself, so they do not need to have cosmetic surgery.
Chart 7

24. 17
4.1.8 Do you think that we can improve self-confidence by cos-
metic surgery?
According to this pie chart, there were 67% of our participants thought that
we can improve self-confidence by cosmetic surgery, but there were 33%
of our participants didn't think so.
Yes > No
Chart 8

25. 18
4.1.9 Can you accept your friends or family have cosmetic surgery?
Taiwan is an open-mined country, obviously the pie chart showed that most
people can accept their friends or family members have cosmetic surgery.
Yes > No
Chart 9

26. 19
Chapter 5 Conclusion
The concept of cosmetic surgery has been accepted by the public recently. In
order to become more beautiful, many people are willing to have cosmetic
surgery. Besides, those who has got cosmetic surgery are regaining their
confidence.
People define lots of types of beauty, such as fair complexion, prominent-
nose, to name a few. Those reasons drive people to have cosmetic surgery.
Question 4 showed 27% people want to have cosmetic surgery, but 73% of them
don't. The reason why our targets don’t want to have a cosmetic surgery is that
having cosmetic surgery is risky and that the targets have confidence in their
appearance.
People in the world have different perspectives of beauty. For instance,
Kayan women in Thailand, who wear a pile of neck bands around their neck,
think the longer one's neck is, the more beautiful the woman is.
For those who are influenced by western cultures, they definitely assume a
prominent nose and fair complexion are symbols of beauty.
With the development of cosmetic surgery and the wild spread of the
Internet, people in Taiwan are more open-minded. According to the statistical data
analysis of Question No.9 in our survey, 84% of the participants can accept their
friends or family members to get cosmetic surgery. Accordingly, we can assume
that it is obvious that modern people can accept cosmetic surgery.

27. 20
Chapter 6 References
Morrison, M.Sc., Colin. (2008). A Survey of Cosmetic Surgery Training in Plastic
Surgery Programs in the United States, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery –
Journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, pp.1570-1578. Re-
trieved from http://www.americanboardcosmeticsurgery.org/patient-
resources/cosmetic-surgery-vs-plastic-surgery/
The definition of “cosmetic surgery” from Longman dictionary December 26,
2014 from.
http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/cosmetic-surgery
The definition of “cosmetic surgery” from Medical News Today December 26,
2014 from
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155757.php
The risky of cosmetic surgery. December 26, 2014 from
https://www.ukb.unibonn.de/42256BC8002B7FC1/vwLookupDownloads/G
uide-
lines_cosmic_surgery_risk_and_complications.pdf/$FILE/Guidelines_cosme
tic_surgery_risk_and_complications.pdf
Walter Yeo information. December 26, 2014 from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Yeo
Teens and Cosmetic Surgery. December 26, 2014 from
http://www.ourbodiesourselves.org/health-info/teens-cosmetic-surgery/
How to Minimize the Risks of Cosmetic Surgery. December 26, 2014 from
http://www.wikihow.com/Minimize-the-Risks-of-Cosmetic-Surgery
What Are The Risks of Plastic Surgery. December 26, 2014 from
http://surgery.about.com/od/beforesurgery/a/Plastic-Surgery-Risks.htm
Understanding the Risks Involved When Having Surgery. December 26, 2014
from
http://surgery.about.com/od/beforesurgery/a/RisksSurgery.htm
Picture 1. Walter Yeo. December 26, 2014 from
http://www.vemale.com/ragam/48388-inspirasi-operasi-plastik-ini-7-kisah-
operasi-plastik-pertama-di-dunia-1.html
How to Be Proud of Your Appearance. December 26, 2014 from
http://www.wikihow.com/Be-Proud-of-Your-Appearance
10 Questions to ask yourself if you are thinking of having Cosmetic Surgery. De-

28. 21
cember 26, 2014 from
http://thecosmediccoach.com/10-considerations-in-cosmetic-surgery-you-
should-ask-yourself/
The development of aesthetic plastic surgery. December 26, 2014 from
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01570232
What do you think about plastic surgery. December 26, 2014 from
https://www.funadvice.com/q/what_do_you_think_about_plastic_surgery
Why do so many people want cosmetic procedures? December 26, 2014 from
http://www.bbc.com/news/health-22277890
Top 10 Reasons People Give for Having Plastic Surgery. December 26, 2014
from
http://beforeaftersurgerytoolbox.com/blog/surgery/top-10-reasons-people-
give-for-having-plastic-surgery/
Motivation. December 26, 2014 from
http://www.surgery.org/media/news-releases/the-american-society-for-
aesthetic-plastic-surgery-reports-americans-spent-more-than-12-billion-in-
2014--pro
Why people do plastic surgery, Erupting Mind, December 26 2014 from
http://www.eruptingmind.com/what-motivates-people-to-have-plastic-
surgery/

29. 22
Appendix

30. 23
Hello, we’re the 3rd- grade students of Applied English Department. With the of
cosmetic surgery technology, we want to know what people think of cosmetic
surgery.
Gender: 口 Male 口 Female
1. What do you think of beautiful and good look？ （multiple
choice）
口 Fair complexion 口 Prominent-nose 口 Oval face 口 Cherry mouse
口 Almond eyes 口 Other_____________
2. Do you satisfy your appearance？
口 Perfect 口 Satisfied 口 Bad 口 Unsatisfied
3. Can you accept cosmetic surgery？
口 Agree 口 Disagree
4. Do you want to have cosmetic surgery？
口 Yes 口 No
5. If you can make, which surgery you want to have？（multiple choice）
口 Eyelid surgery 口 Rhinoplasty 口 Bone reduction 口 Breast en-
largement
口 Other______________
6. What makes you want to have cosmetic surgery？（multiple choice）
口 Dissatisfaction with appearance 口 Mockery from others 口 For better
social skilled
口 Significant other’s need 口 Influence from celebrities 口
Other______________
7. Reasons that you don't want to do cosmetic surgery.（multiple choice）
口 Satisfaction with appearance 口 Risks of surgery 口 Beauty is being
yourself
口 appearance doesn't matter 口 Your parents don't accept 口 operation
fee
口 Other_______
8. Do you think that we can improve self-confidence by cosmetic sur-
gery ？
口 Yes 口 No
9. Can you accept your friends or family do cosmetic surgery？
口 Yes 口 No
10. How did you get information about cosmetic surgery？（multiple
choice）

31. 24
口 News papers& magazines 口 Internet 口 school 口 friends 口 Other
THANKS FOR YOUR COOPERATION