1. TAREA SOBRE TRACCION DE MATERIALES
Grupo de laboratorio 2
PROFESOR: Murillo Pariona, Dennis
APELLIDOS: Zapata Castillo
NOMBRES: José Luis
UNIVERSIDAD: Universidad Tecnológica Del Peru
CURSO: Elasticidad Y Resistencia De Materiales
CODIGO: 1512124
SECCION| AULA: A1308
2. 6. ENTREGABLES (TABLAS Y GRAFICOS)
Tabla 1. Datos Geométricos de la Probeta
Material L0 Lf d0 df % L/L0 % A/A0
Bronce 42.30mm 49.7mm 6.6mm 6.05mm 0.85% 1.19%
Aluminio 38.8mm 44.1mm 5.8mm 5mm 0.87% 1.34%
Cobre 46.55mm 42.6mm 6.05 5.2mm 1.09% 1.353%
Referencia:
L0 = Longitud inicial de la probeta
Lf = Longitud final de la probeta
d0 = Diámetro inicial de la probeta
df = Diámetro final de la probeta
A0 = Sección transversal inicial de la probeta
3. Tabla 1. Datos experimentales Bronce:
diametro inicial diametro final longitud inicial longitud final
cobre1 6.6 6.05mm 42.30mm 49.7mm
diametro inicial diametro final longitud inicial longitud final %longitud 0.85110664
cobre1 0.0066 0.00605 0.0423 0.0497
%Area 1.19008264
Area inicial Area final
cobre 3.42119E-05 2.87475E-05
4. Ensayo Carga KN ΔL (mm) ΔL (m) Є(m/m) б(Pa E (Pa)
1 0.500 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0
2 1.000 0.170 0.00017 4.019 14614.779 3636.50089
3 1.500 0.205 0.000205 4.846 29229.558 6031.26976
4 2.000 0.230 0.00023 5.437 43844.337 8063.54545
5 2.500 0.255 0.000255 6.028 58459.116 9697.3357
6 3.000 0.280 0.00028 6.619 73073.895 11039.3777
7 3.500 0.300 0.0003 7.092 87688.674 12364.103
8 4.000 0.320 0.00032 7.565 102303.453 13523.2377
9 4.500 0.340 0.00034 8.038 116918.232 14546.0035
10 5.000 0.360 0.00036 8.511 131533.011 15455.1288
11 5.500 0.380 0.00038 8.983 146147.790 16268.5566
12 6.000 0.400 0.0004 9.456 160762.569 17000.6416
13 6.500 0.420 0.00042 9.929 175377.348 17663.0043
14 7.000 0.445 0.000445 10.520 189992.127 18059.9258
15 7.500 0.465 0.000465 10.993 204606.906 18612.6282
16 8.000 0.490 0.00049 11.584 219221.685 18924.6475
17 8.500 0.510 0.00051 12.057 233836.464 19394.6714
18 9.000 0.535 0.000535 12.648 248451.243 19643.902
19 9.500 0.555 0.000555 13.121 263066.022 20049.8968
20 10.000 0.580 0.00058 13.712 277680.801 20251.548
21 10.500 0.605 0.000605 14.303 292295.580 20436.5339
22 11.000 0.635 0.000635 15.012 306910.359 20444.5798
23 11.500 0.670 0.00067 15.839 321525.138 20299.2736
24 12.000 0.700 0.0007 16.548 336139.917 20312.455
25 12.550 0.755 0.000755 17.849 350754.696 19651.5545
26 13.000 0.905 0.000905 21.395 366830.952 17145.8003
27 13.250 1.100 0.0011 26.005 379984.253 14612.1217
28 13.500 1.300 0.0013 30.733 387291.643 12601.8742
29 13.750 1.500 0.0015 35.461 394599.032 11127.6927
30 13.900 1.700 0.0017 40.189 401906.422 10000.3774
31 14.000 1.900 0.0019 44.917 406290.856 9045.31747
32 14.200 2.000 0.002 47.281 409213.811 8654.87211
33 14.100 2.200 0.0022 52.009 415059.723 7980.46649
34 14.250 2.400 0.0024 56.738 412136.767 7263.91052
35 14.400 2.700 0.0027 63.830 416521.201 6525.49881
36 14.600 3.000 0.003 70.922 420905.635 5934.76945
37 14.750 3.300 0.0033 78.014 426751.546 5470.17891
38 14.900 3.600 0.0036 85.106 431135.980 5065.84776
39 15.000 3.900 0.0039 92.199 435520.414 4723.72141
40 15.100 4.200 0.0042 99.291 438443.369 4415.75108
41 15.250 4.500 0.0045 106.383 441366.325 4148.84346
42 15.250 4.800 0.0048 113.475 445750.759 3928.17856
43 15.350 5.100 0.0051 120.567 445750.759 3697.10924
44 15.450 5.400 0.0054 127.660 448673.715 3514.61077
45 15.563 5.700 0.0057 134.752 451596.670 3351.32266
530578.587
BRONCE
5. Tabla 2. Datos experimentales del aluminio:
0.000
50000.000
100000.000
150000.000
200000.000
250000.000
300000.000
350000.000
400000.000
450000.000
500000.000
Tenacidad del bronce
diametro inicialdiametro finallongitud iniciallongitud final
aluminio1 5.8mm 5mm 38.8mm 44.1mm
aluminio1 0.0058 0.005 0.0388 0.0441
Area inicial Area final
aluminio 2.6421E-05 1.9635E-05
%area 1.3456
6. Ensayo ΔL (m) ΔL (mm)
Carga
KN
Deformacion
Unitaria (mm) Esfuerzo KPa E (Pa)
1 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0
2 0.00009 0.090 0.500 2.320 18924.488 8158.556998
3 0.000125 0.125 1.000 3.222 37848.976 11748.32208
4 0.000155 0.155 1.500 3.995 56773.464 14211.67993
5 0.00019 0.190 2.000 4.897 75697.952 15458.31852
6 0.000215 0.215 2.500 5.541 94622.439 17076.04953
7 0.00024 0.240 3.000 6.186 113546.927 18356.75325
8 0.000265 0.265 3.500 6.830 132471.415 19395.81475
9 0.00029 0.290 4.000 7.474 151395.903 20255.72772
10 0.00032 0.320 4.500 8.247 170320.391 20651.3474
11 0.00035 0.350 5.000 9.021 189244.879 20979.14657
12 0.00038 0.380 5.500 9.794 208169.367 21255.18797
13 0.000415 0.415 6.000 10.696 227093.855 21231.90737
14 0.0006 0.600 6.250 15.464 236556.099 15297.29437
15 0.0008 0.800 6.350 20.619 240340.996 11656.53831
16 0.001 1.000 6.400 25.773 242233.445 9398.657662
17 0.0012 1.200 6.450 30.928 244125.894 7893.403896
18 0.0014 1.400 6.500 36.082 246018.342 6818.222634
19 0.0016 1.600 6.500 41.237 246018.342 5965.944805
20 0.0018 1.800 6.550 46.392 247910.791 5343.854834
21 0.002 2.000 6.500 51.546 246018.342 4772.755844
22 0.0022 2.200 6.600 56.701 249803.240 4405.620779
23 0.0024 2.400 6.600 61.856 249803.240 4038.485714
24 0.0026 2.600 6.600 67.010 249803.240 3727.832967
25 0.0028 2.800 6.550 72.165 247910.791 3435.33525
26 0.003 3.000 6.600 77.320 249803.240 3230.788571
27 0.0033 3.300 6.400 85.052 242233.445 2848.078079
28 0.0036 3.600 6.000 92.784 227093.855 2447.567099
29 0.0039 3.900 5.750 100.515 217631.611 2165.155511
30 0.0042 4.200 5.250 108.247 198707.123 1835.675325
31 0.0045 4.500 3.900 115.979 147611.005 1272.734892
305332.7586
ALUMINIO
7. Tabla 3. Datos experimentales del cobre:
0.000
50000.000
100000.000
150000.000
200000.000
250000.000
300000.000
Tenacidad del aluminio
D(mm) D(m) A(m2)
D1= 6.05 0.00605 0.0000287475363
L1= 46.55 0.04655
Df= 5.2 0.0052 2.12372E-05
Lf= 42.6 0.0426
8. #Ensayo Carga (kN) ΔL (mm) ΔL (m) Є(m/m) б(Pa) E (Pa)
1 1 0.17 0.00017 0.00365199 34785.5896 9525112.93
2 1.5 0.22 0.00022 0.0047261 52178.3845 11040471.8
3 2 0.26 0.00026 0.00558539 69571.1793 12455916.9
4 2.5 0.29 0.00029 0.00622986 86963.9741 13959217.2
5 3 0.32 0.00032 0.00687433 104356.769 15180648.7
6 3.5 0.34 0.00034 0.00730397 121749.564 16668947.6
7 4 0.364 0.000364 0.00781955 139142.359 17794167
8 4.5 0.389 0.000389 0.00835661 156535.153 18731905.9
9 5 0.41 0.00041 0.00880773 173927.948 19747185.3
10 5.5 0.435 0.000435 0.00934479 191320.743 20473518.6
11 6 0.455 0.000455 0.00977444 208713.538 21353000.4
12 6.5 0.48 0.00048 0.01031149 226106.333 21927603.7
13 7 0.51 0.00051 0.01095596 243499.127 22225263.5
14 7.5 0.535 0.000535 0.01149302 260891.922 22700035.5
15 8 0.565 0.000565 0.01213749 278284.717 22927705.5
16 8.5 0.6 0.0006 0.01288937 295677.512 22939647
17 9 0.635 0.000635 0.01364125 313070.307 22950272.1
18 9.5 0.675 0.000675 0.01450054 330463.102 22789714.6
19 10 0.735 0.000735 0.01578947 347855.896 22030873.4
20 10.5 0.88 0.00088 0.0189044 365248.691 19320825.7
21 11 1.18 0.00118 0.02534909 382641.486 15094882.4
22 11.2 1.38 0.00138 0.02964554 389598.604 13141894.9
23 11.4 1.58 0.00158 0.033942 396555.722 11683334.7
24 11.5 1.98 0.00198 0.04253491 400034.281 9404846.35
25 11 2.3 0.0023 0.04940924 382641.486 7744330.95
26 11.6 2.5 0.0025 0.05370569 403512.84 7513409.08
27 10.8 2.7 0.0027 0.05800215 375684.368 6477076.79
28 11.9 2.9 0.0029 0.0622986 413948.517 6644587.4
29 12 3.1 0.0031 0.06659506 417427.076 6268138.83
30 12.1 3.3 0.0033 0.07089151 420905.635 5937320.39
31 12.4 4 0.004 0.08592911 431341.312 5019734.51
32 12.4 4.3 0.0043 0.09237379 431341.312 4669520.48
33 12.5 4.6 0.0046 0.09881847 434819.87 4400188.04
34 12.6 4.9 0.0049 0.10526316 438298.429 4163835.08
35 12.6 5.3 0.0053 0.11385607 438298.429 3849583.38
36 12.7 5.7 0.0057 0.12244898 441776.988 3607845.41
37 12.8 6.1 0.0061 0.13104189 445255.547 3397810.78
38 12.9 6.5 0.0065 0.1396348 448734.106 3213626.56
39 12.9 7 0.007 0.15037594 448734.106 2984081.81
40 13 7.5 0.0075 0.16111708 452212.665 2806733.28
41 12.8 8 0.008 0.17185822 445255.547 2590830.72
9. Conclusiones:
A medida que se aplica mayor fuerza a un material tanto de tracción como compresión el naterial sufre
deformaciones.
Un material puede tener una tenacidad dependiendo a la fuerza que se someta, hay unos que son elásticos
que soportan la fuerza externa y otros que se rompen sin deformarse.
El módulo de Young permite saber que tan resistente es un material a diferentes fuerzas sometidas
A través de este laboratorio se puede saber que nivel de seguridad un material debe poseer para que no
sufra fracturas como lo visto en estos materiales
A medida que se aplica cargas axiales a un material este tiende a achicar su radio si e s una cilindro
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
tenacidad del cobre
