IR material

1. International Relations
Mon~Thur: 09:00 ~ 12:00
(11:40, 10 mins break)

2. 01
02
03
04
Constructivism
Marxism
Post-Marxism
Constructivism
and Neo- Realism
and Liberalism

3. Alternative Schools in IR
Constructivism
Marxism

4. Review of Liberalism
Idealism
Classical Neo
(Institutionalism)
Domestic political institution
- State behavior is directed by
the nature of domestic
political institution
- Democratic citizens see no
benefit of war and attempt
to talk with others in order
to avoid a war
Structure
- State behavior is directed
by the structure of world
politics (similar to Neo-
realist world but
hierarchical)
- States require an
international regime and
leadership in order to
maximize the production of
public goods
Human and state nature
- State behavior is
directed by the good and
cooperative nature of
humankind
- States can avoid conflict
if there is a regime

5. Q) How does Constructivism criticize the Waltzian schools
(Neo-Realism and Neo-Liberalism)?

6. Constructivism:
Rule of Ideology
IR Theory for IR theories
Explaining the origin (premises) of IR rather than the
IR itself

7. 1) Actor: human(individual society  state  region
international society)
2) International Order: Unpredictability
- decided by ideology, perception, norm, merit,
and tradition
- Actors can be irrational and emotional
3) Goal of IR : Constructing a world order with a mindset for peace
4) Dynamics of IR : Decided by perception of actors,
5) Main measures for IR: Clashes of civilization and identity

8. Premises
1) Dynamics of IR:
-Construction of
collective perception
(identity, norm, culture)
2) Nature of State:
-Irrational and emotional
-defer by the actors’
perception
3) State behavior:
-Strengthening structure
-Understanding civilization
and tolerance
-Action against perceived threat

9. - Clash of civilization
- Limits of material power
- Emergence of new threat and
complexity

11. Importance of
power
Level of analysis
Neo-
Realism
Neo-
Liberalism
Constru
ctivism

12. : Prioritize the threat
according to state security idea
: Common action and institutionalize
the common efforts
Suggesting new threat
Internationalize the discussion on
the given threat
Feedback
Constru
ctivism
Neo-
Realism
Neo-
Liberalism

13. Q) What is the similarities and differences of
Marxism and Realism in IR?

14. Premises
1) Dynamics of IR:
- Capitalism, Conflict between
classes (Capitalist vs. Labor)
2) Nature of State: Evil
-Working for capitalists who sustain
national economy
-Suppressing labors for capitalists
- Conflictual (due to inherent expansion of
capitalism)
3) State behavior:
- States exploit others in order to
maximize capitalist’s interest
- Conflict between classes and states
is unavoidable

15.  Compared to Realism and Liberalism, Marxist
thought presents a rather unfamiliar view of
international relations.
 In Marxist’s view, a ‘state’ is naturally evil.
Q) What are the limits of (classic) Marxism as a
IR theory?

16.  A) 1) Ideological
 Marxist idea tends to seek moral supports and sympathy. It
considers a social justice rather than anticipates the future of
world (one of the important goals of IR theories)
2) Lack of discussion on international affairs. Marx did not
discuss much of international affairs but discuss the social
conflict between the labor and capitalist
 Birth of Post- Marxism

17. Premises
1) Dynamics of IR:
- Structure of Globalization: Transnational
division of labor
2) Nature of State: Rational
- Specializing its own comparative
advantage
- Hierarchy in the world system
(Core, Semi-periphery, periphery)
3) State behavior:
- Rich states (core) exploit poorer states
- The structure of exploitation reinforces
dominance of rich states