Extortion is defined as the wrongful use of force, violence, or intimidation to obtain money or property from an individual or entity. It generally involves threatening harm to a victim or their loved ones. The essential elements of extortion are an intentional and deceitful act that causes imminent threat or injury to a person in order to force them to hand over property through unreasonable fear. Sections 383 to 389 of the Indian Penal Code define and punish extortion and acts done to commit extortion such as threatening harm or accusing a person of a crime.

2. What Is Extortion?
Sec. 383 to 389 deals with extortion.
Extortion is the wrongful use of actual or threatened
force, violence, or intimidation to gain money or property
from an individual or entity.
Extortion generally involves a threat being made to the
victim’s person or property, or to their family or friends.

3. Essentials of extortion
•An act which causes imminent threat and injury to a
person
•The act must be done intentionally and deceitfully.
•Such a person tends to cause injury to another person
in which he seeks interest.
•An unreasonable force should be shown through which
a person seeks to take the property or any other
valuable goods of another person or any document.

4. Section 383:
Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to
that person, or to any other, and thereby dishonestly induces
the person so put in fear to deliver to any person any
property, or valuable security or anything signed or sealed
which may be converted into a valuable security, commits
"extortion".

5. Section 384:
Whoever commits extortion shall be punished with
imprisonment of either description for a term which
may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.

6. Section 385:
Whoever, in order to the committing of extortion,
puts any person in fear, or attempts to put any
person in fear, of any injury, shall be punished with
imprisonment of either description for a term which
may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.

7. Section 386:
Whoever commits extortion by putting any person in
fear of death or of grievous hurt to that person or to
any other, shall be punished with imprisonment of
either description for a term which may extend to
ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

8. Section 387:
Whoever, in order to the committing of extortion,
puts or attempts to put any person in fear of death
or of grievous hurt to that person or to any other,
shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to seven
years, and shall also be liable to fine.

9. Section 388:
Whoever commits extortion by putting any person in fear of
an accusation against that person or any other, of having
committed or attempted to commit any offence punishable
with death, or with 1 [imprisonment for life], or with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, or of
having attempted to induce any other person to commit such
offence, shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to ten years, and
shall also be liable to fine; and, if the offence be one
punishable under section 377 of this Code, may be punished
with 1 [imprisonment for life].

10. Section 389:
This section punishes putting a person in fear of accusation
of an offence in order to commit extortion. It states that
whoever, in order to the committing of extortion either puts
or attempts to put any person in fear of an accusation,
whether against that person or any other person, that he
had either committed, or attempted to commit an offence.
Case:
‘Sejal Sharma v State of Haryana