Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to Kushagra_Khanna_065_16503821_Coastal_Zone_Management_in_India.pptx
Similar to Kushagra_Khanna_065_16503821_Coastal_Zone_Management_in_India.pptx (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Kushagra_Khanna_065_16503821_Coastal_Zone_Management_in_India.pptx
- 1. Kushagra Khanna (B.A.,LL.B.; Semester V) (065 16503821) Coastal Zone Management in India
- 2. Understanding Coastal Zones Definition of Coastal Zone: Coastal zones are dynamic interfaces where land, oceans, and atmosphere converge. They extend from the shoreline to a certain distance into the ocean, encompassing diverse ecosystems and human settlements. Importance of Coastal Regions: ● Biodiversity Hotspots: Coastal areas are remarkable for their biological diversity, serving as hotspots for various species of flora and fauna. ● Economic Significance: They play a vital role in economic activities, including trade, fishing, and tourism, contributing significantly to the global economy. Interaction with Land, Oceans, and Atmosphere: ● Land: Coastal zones experience a complex interaction with inland ecosystems, affecting factors such as land use, drainage, and groundwater outflow. ● Oceans: These regions are influenced by the vastness of the oceans, providing resources like fish, minerals, and energy. ● Atmosphere: Coastal areas are affected by atmospheric conditions, making them volatile and prone to natural hazards. Diversity and Human Activities: ● Biological Diversity: The diversity of life in coastal zones is unparalleled, supporting a wide range of ecosystems, from mangroves to coral reefs. ● Human Activities: These areas attract human activities such as trading, fishing, and tourism due to their economic potential and aesthetic appeal.
- 3. Threats to Coastal Zone Rapid Urbanization and Population Growth ● Impact: Alarming increase in coastal population, leading to habitat destruction and increased resource demand. ● Example: Unplanned urban expansion causing stress on coastal ecosystems. Commercialization and Monetization ● Impact: Intensive economic activities affecting coastal biodiversity and disrupting natural processes. ● Example: Overexploitation of marine resources for commercial gains. Technological Improvement ● Impact: Advancements leading to increased pollution and habitat disruption. ● Example: Industrial technologies contributing to water pollution. Detrimental Fishing Methods ● Impact: Unsustainable fishing practices depleting marine life. ● Example: Destructive fishing techniques harming the balance of marine ecosystems. Logging of Forests and Mangroves ● Impact: Loss of critical habitats, affecting coastal resilience. ● Example: Deforestation leading to the decline of mangrove ecosystems. Pollution ● Impact: Discharge of pollutants threatening marine life and ecosystems. ● Example: Unregulated waste disposal causing harmful algal blooms. Changing Agricultural Practices and Coastal Developments ● Impact: Altered land use affecting coastal ecosystems. ● Example: Agricultural runoff leading to increased sedimentation.
- 4. Indian Forest Act, 1927 Enables States to acquire ownership over forests and their produce. Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 Provides for the protection of wild plants and animals, regulating hunting, trade, and collection of specific forest products. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Empowers the central government to take appropriate measures for protecting and improving the environment. Legislation for Aquatic Biodiversity Deals primarily with using forest lands for non- forestry purposes, mainly industry and mining. National Wildlife Action Plan, 1973 Identifies broad goals of establishing a network of representative protected areas and developing appropriate management systems. Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992 Aims to stimulate sustained economic growth and enhance technological strength and efficiency of Indian agriculture, industry, and services. 02 01 03 04 05 06
- 5. CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) Regulates international trade in endangered species to ensure their survival. Essential for protecting flora and fauna threatened by global trade. Ramsar Convention Focuses on the conservation of wetlands, emphasizing their ecological importance. Addresses the vital role of wetlands in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem health. Convention on Migratory Species Framework Convention on Climate Change Focuses on mitigating climate change and adapting to its effects. Recognizes the impact of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystems. International Agreements on Biodiversity Addresses the conservation of migratory species and their habitats on a global scale. Crucial for protecting species that traverse international boundaries during their life cycles. Convention on Biodiversity Aims to conserve biological diversity, ensure sustainable use, and promote fair sharing of benefits. Key in promoting responsible and equitable use of biological resources globally. UN Convention on the Law of the Sea Governs the rights and responsibilities of nations concerning the world's oceans. Establishes a legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. 02 01 03 04 05 06
- 6. Territorial Sea, Continental Shelf, EEZ Act, 1976 Enables jurisdiction over territorial waters, continental shelf, and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Regulates activities within these maritime zones. Marine Fishing Regulation Act, 1978 Governs and regulates marine fishing operations. Addresses licensing, fishing gear, and conservation measures. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 1991 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) International treaty establishing legal framework for the seas. Addresses territorial seas, navigational rights, and marine resources. Legal Framework on Fisheries Regulates activities in coastal areas to prevent degradation. Classifies coastal zones into categories with specific regulations. Coast Guard Act, 1978 Empowers the Coast Guard to enforce maritime laws. Enhances maritime safety, security, and environmental protection. 02 01 03 04 05
- 7. ● Defining and assessing a management area. ● Engaging affected interests. ● Developing an Integrated Management plan. ● Receiving endorsement of the plan. ● Implementing the plan. ● Monitoring and evaluating outcomes. Stages of Planning Integrated Management Concept Principles ● Ecosystem-based Management ● Sustainable Development ● Precautionary Approach ● Conservation ● Shared Responsibility ● Flexibility and Inclusiveness
- 8. Research Efforts for Biodiversity Ecosystem Surveys: Undertaken as part of comprehensive inventorying and monitoring of India's biodiversity. Include Marine, Islands, Mangroves, Wetlands, and Coastal Areas. Institutions Providing Support: ● NIO (National Institute of Oceanography): Conducts research on various aspects of ocean science. ● CMFRI (Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute): Focuses on marine fisheries research and development. ● ZSI (Zoological Survey of India): Works on the survey, exploration, and taxonomy of fauna. ● BSI (Botanical Survey of India): Focuses on the survey, collection, and taxonomy of flora. Remote Sensing and Satellite Monitoring: National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) utilizes satellite programs to monitor coastal and marine biodiversity. Ganga Action Plan: Emphasizes improving sewage-treatment technologies for the Ganga River. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR): Devoted to the conservation and sustainable use of fish diversity in India.
- 9. Maximizing Benefits and Minimizing Conflicts Coastal Zone Management aims to optimize the advantages provided by coastal zones while mitigating conflicts and negative impacts on the environment and communities. Dissipating Tidal and Wave Energy Coastal areas face threats from tidal waves and storms. Effective management strategies involve dissipating tidal and wave energy to reduce the risk of disasters and protect coastal communities. Stabilizing Adjoining Land Promoting Linkages between Sectoral Activities Coastal zones host diverse activities, from tourism to fishing and infrastructure development. Effective management fosters connections between these sectoral activities, ensuring they complement rather than conflict with each other. Purpose of Coastal Zone Management A critical role of Coastal Zone Management is to stabilize the land adjacent to the coast. This involves preventing erosion, land loss, and other impacts that can affect ecosystems and human activities. 02 01 03 04
- 10. Coastal Regulation Zone Notification Aim: Preserve and Protect Coastal Zone Principles: ● Balance Development Needs and Protection ● Prohibit Harmful Activities ● Emphasize Sustainable Management Genesis and Progression (1981-2011): ● 1981: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's directive to keep 500m from the High Tide Line (HTL) free from development. ● 1982: Working Group on beach development guidelines. ● 1983: Guidelines for the development of beaches for various purposes. ● 1986: Environmental Protection Act introduced. ● 1989: Draft Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification. ● 1991: Official CRZ Notification. ● 1994: Supreme Court directs strict implementation of CRZ. ● 1996: Approval to State Coastal Zone Management Plans (CZMPs). ● 1997: Constitution of Aquaculture Authority. ● 1998: Formation of National and State Coastal Zone Management Authorities. ● 2001, 2005, 2007, 2011: Further amendments in CRZ/CMZ. ● 2015: Shailesh Nayak Committee formed for recommendations. ● 2018: Union Cabinet approves draft notification. ● 2019: New CRZ Notification issued under Environment Protection Act, 1986. Reforms (2018 & 2019): ● No Development Zones (NDZ) reduced. ● New CRZ Categories introduced (CRZ-III A & CRZ-III B). ● FSI Norms Eased for CRZ-II areas. ● Emphasis on Pollution Abatement and Conservation.
- 11. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Zones Introduction to CRZ Zones: The Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) framework classifies coastal areas based on ecological sensitivity and the degree of permissible human activities. It aims to strike a delicate balance between development and conservation. CRZ-1: Ecologically Sensitive Areas: CRZ-1 comprises areas of utmost ecological significance crucial for maintaining the overall health of coastal ecosystems. These include national parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, mangroves, and coral reefs. Activities are restricted and carefully regulated to minimize environmental impact. Permitted activities include the exploration of natural gas and the extraction of salt. CRZ-2: Developed Areas: CRZ-2 includes areas that are already significantly developed along the shoreline. These zones often cover urbanized or industrialized coastal regions. Controlled construction is allowed as per specific guidelines. Reconstruction of existing authorized structures is permissible without altering the current use. CRZ-3: Urban and Rural Settlements: CRZ-3 encompasses areas that are urban or rural but do not fall under CRZ-1 or CRZ-2. These are usually undisturbed areas within city boundaries or legally designated urban regions. Limited activities related to agriculture, horticulture, gardens, pastures, parks, playfields, forestry, and salt manufacture from seawater are allowed. Construction is restricted to repairs of existing authorized structures, and some public facility constructions are permitted. CRZ-4: Coastal Stretches in Islands: CRZ-4 applies to coastal stretches in islands, excluding those designated as CRZ-1, CRZ-2, or CRZ-3. Primarily includes coastal areas of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, and other small islands. Fishing and related services are permitted. Strict regulations prohibit the release of solid waste on these lands. CRZ categories are dynamic and responsive, reflecting the need for balancing conservation efforts with sustainable development. The zoning system is crucial for managing competing interests, ensuring the protection of fragile ecosystems, and promoting sustainable coastal development. The comprehensive understanding of CRZ zones is fundamental for navigating the delicate equilibrium between development imperatives and the preservation of our extensive coastline.
- 12. Coastal Zone Management Authority (CZMA) Establishment: Formed in the year 2002. Authorities: State and National Coastal Zone Management Authorities Key Functions: ● Protecting and Improving Coastal Environment: Implementing measures for the enhancement of the quality of the coastal environment. ● Controlling Pollution: Enforcing regulations and guidelines to prevent and manage pollution in coastal areas. ● Examining Proposals: Scrutinizing proposals for changes in CRZ classification and Coastal Zone Management Plans. ● Enforcing CRZ Provisions: Taking appropriate actions against violations of CRZ provisions.
- 13. Conclusion and Future Outlook Need for Sustainable Practices: ● Sustainable coastal management is essential for the well-being of 200 million people living along the 7517 km coastline. ● Effective waste management, habitat conservation, and community involvement are pivotal for sustainable practices. Encouraging Inclusive Governance: ● Coastal management fosters community building and inclusive governance. ● Local involvement leads to good governance, critical for sustainable and inclusive development. Addressing Challenges and Ensuring a Balanced Future: ● Coastal management addresses natural threats, industrial impacts, and depletion of marine resources. ● The future relies on comprehensive strategies, technological integration, and community engagement for a balanced and sustainable coastal zone.
- 14. Thank You!
Editor's Notes
- Greetings of the day esteemed audience. Today, I am honored to present on a critical aspect of environmental stewardship – "Coastal Zone Management in India." My name is Kushagra Khanna, currently pursuing B.A., LL.B., and I am delighted to share insights on this topic as part of my PSDA assignment for Environmental Studies and Environmental Laws. The focus of our discussion revolves around the vital subject of Coastal Zone Management, a crucial aspect of environmental conservation in the Indian context. As we delve into the intricacies of coastal management, we aim to understand the challenges, legal frameworks, and the imperative need for sustainable practices along India's diverse coastline. I encourage you to engage actively, pose questions, and join me in exploring how our coastal areas, rich in biodiversity and resources, are managed to ensure a balance between development and conservation. Thank you for being part of this presentation. Let's embark on this journey together to comprehend the multifaceted dimensions of Coastal Zone Management in India.
- Title: Understanding Coastal Zones Introduction: Coastal zones represent the dynamic meeting point of land, oceans, and atmosphere, creating a space of intricate ecological and economic significance. In this slide, we delve into the core aspects that define coastal zones and underline their importance. Definition of Coastal Zone: Coastal zones are the transition areas where land meets the sea, extending from the shoreline to a certain distance into the ocean. These zones encapsulate diverse ecosystems and are pivotal in shaping the environmental and socio-economic landscape. Importance of Coastal Regions: Biodiversity Hotspots: Coastal areas serve as hotspots for biodiversity, hosting a myriad of plant and animal species. This biodiversity is crucial for ecological balance. Economic Significance: Beyond their ecological value, coastal regions play a vital role in global economics. Trade, fishing, and tourism are economic activities thriving in these areas. Interaction with Land, Oceans, and Atmosphere: Land: Coastal zones are deeply influenced by inland ecosystems, with land-use patterns, drainage systems, and groundwater outflow impacting their dynamics. Oceans: The vastness of oceans contributes to the richness of coastal resources, including fish, minerals, and energy sources. Atmosphere: Atmospheric conditions significantly affect coastal areas, making them susceptible to natural hazards like storms and tsunamis. Diversity and Human Activities: Biological Diversity: Coastal zones boast unparalleled biological diversity, housing ecosystems like mangroves and coral reefs. Human Activities: The economic potential and aesthetic allure of coastal areas attract human activities such as trading, fishing, and tourism, shaping both livelihoods and landscapes. Concluding Thoughts: Understanding coastal zones involves recognizing their intricate web of interactions, diverse ecosystems, and the delicate balance required to sustain both nature and human activities.
- Title: Threats to Coastal Zone In this slide we delve into the critical topic of threats to our coastal zones, exploring the challenges that impact the delicate balance of nature in these vital regions. Let's navigate through the significant threats we face and understand their implications on our coastal ecosystems. Rapid Urbanization and Population Growth: Urban expansion along coastlines has witnessed an alarming surge in population, resulting in habitat destruction and an unprecedented demand for resources. For instance, unplanned urban growth has led to stress on coastal ecosystems, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable development practices. Commercialization and Monetization: Intensive economic activities, often driven by commercial interests, pose a threat to coastal biodiversity, disrupting natural processes. An example is the overexploitation of marine resources for commercial gains, highlighting the delicate balance between economic prosperity and environmental conservation. Technological Improvement: Advances in technology, while beneficial, contribute to increased pollution and habitat disruption. Industrial technologies, if not regulated, can lead to water pollution and other environmental challenges, necessitating a careful balance between progress and conservation. Detrimental Fishing Methods: Unsustainable fishing practices pose a significant threat, depleting marine life and upsetting the delicate ecological balance. The use of destructive fishing techniques exemplifies the challenges faced in maintaining a harmonious relationship between human activities and the marine environment. Logging of Forests and Mangroves: Deforestation and the logging of critical habitats, especially mangroves, impact coastal resilience. The decline of mangrove ecosystems, essential for coastal stability, highlights the consequences of altering natural landscapes. Pollution: Discharge of pollutants into coastal waters poses a severe threat to marine life and ecosystems. Unregulated waste disposal practices can lead to harmful algal blooms and other detrimental consequences, emphasizing the importance of responsible waste management. Changing Agricultural Practices and Coastal Developments: Altered land use due to changing agricultural practices affects coastal ecosystems. Agricultural runoff, for example, contributes to increased sedimentation, showcasing the interconnectedness of land and sea. As we explore these threats, it becomes evident that a delicate balance must be struck between human activities and the preservation of our coastal ecosystems. Through responsible practices and sustainable development, we can work towards a future where our coasts thrive alongside growing human needs.
- In this segment, we will explore the legislative framework critical to the conservation and management of aquatic biodiversity in India. Indian Forest Act, 1927: This foundational act provides states with the authority to acquire ownership over forests and their produce. It serves as the cornerstone for sustainable forest management practices. Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: Enacted with the purpose of safeguarding wild flora and fauna, this legislation regulates activities such as hunting, trade, and the collection of specific forest products. Its primary objective is the conservation of wildlife. National Wildlife Action Plan, 1973: This plan outlines comprehensive goals, emphasizing the establishment of a network of representative protected areas and the development of effective management systems. It is a strategic roadmap for wildlife conservation. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980: Focused on the non-forestry utilization of forest lands, particularly in industry and mining, this act strikes a balance between development and conservation by setting guidelines for responsible land use. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: Empowering the central government, this act is instrumental in formulating and implementing measures for environmental protection and enhancement. It addresses a wide spectrum of environmental concerns. Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992: Aligned with the broader goals of economic growth, this act aims to stimulate development in agriculture, industry, and services. It plays a crucial role in fostering sustainable practices in foreign trade. Understanding the nuances of these legislations is pivotal to our shared responsibility for the protection and sustainable utilization of our aquatic biodiversity.
- In this segment, we'll delve into the pivotal international agreements shaping global efforts in biodiversity conservation. Let's explore each of these agreements and their respective significance. CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species): CITES stands as a regulatory framework governing international trade in endangered species, serving as a crucial safeguard for their survival. Its significance lies in the protection it provides to both flora and fauna threatened by the dynamics of global trade. Ramsar Convention: The Ramsar Convention focuses on the conservation of wetlands, recognizing their ecological importance and promoting sustainable practices. This agreement addresses the critical role wetlands play in maintaining biodiversity and overall ecosystem health. Convention on Biodiversity: The Convention on Biodiversity has a comprehensive mandate to conserve biological diversity, ensure sustainable use, and foster fair benefit-sharing. Its importance is evident in promoting responsible and equitable utilization of biological resources on a global scale. Convention on Migratory Species: This convention addresses the conservation of migratory species and their habitats, acknowledging the global nature of their life cycles.It is instrumental in safeguarding species that traverse international boundaries during various stages of their life. Framework Convention on Climate Change: Focused on climate change mitigation and adaptation, this convention recognizes its impact on biodiversity and ecosystems. It plays a key role in understanding and addressing the effects of climate change on global biodiversity. UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: Governing the rights and responsibilities of nations regarding oceans, this convention establishes a legal framework for marine resource conservation. It forms the basis for the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, ensuring a balance between exploitation and preservation. As we navigate through these agreements, it's evident that the collaboration at the international level is fundamental to addressing the complex challenges facing our planet's biodiversity. Let's move forward and explore further dimensions in our journey of understanding coastal and marine conservation.
- In this slide we delve into the legal underpinnings that guide responsible fisheries management. Understanding and implementing these regulations are crucial for fostering sustainable practices and preserving marine ecosystems. Territorial Sea, Continental Shelf, EEZ Act, 1976: This legislation establishes jurisdiction over our territorial waters, continental shelf, and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It plays a pivotal role in regulating various activities within these maritime zones, ensuring orderly use and conservation. Marine Fishing Regulation Act, 1978: Our focus on sustainable fishing is embodied in the Marine Fishing Regulation Act. It governs and regulates operations, encompassing licensing, fishing gear, and conservation measures. By setting guidelines for responsible fishing practices, this act contributes to the long-term health of marine ecosystems. Coast Guard Act, 1978: The Coast Guard Act empowers our maritime enforcement agency to uphold laws within our waters. Enforcing maritime safety, security, and environmental protection, it plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of our coastal and marine environments. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 1991: A milestone in coastal protection, this notification regulates activities to prevent degradation. By categorizing coastal zones and implementing specific regulations, it strikes a balance between development and environmental conservation. UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS): This international treaty establishes the legal framework governing the seas. Covering aspects such as territorial seas, navigational rights, and equitable utilization of marine resources, UNCLOS provides a foundation for responsible and cooperative ocean governance. As we explore these legal frameworks, let's recognize their significance in promoting sustainable fisheries, protecting marine biodiversity, and ensuring the well-being of our coastal communities.
- In this slide, we delve into the core of integrated coastal zone management, focusing on the comprehensive planning and management of human activities. This approach involves several key stages and principles that form the bedrock of sustainable coastal management. Stages of Planning: Defining and Assessing a Management Area: This initial stage involves a thorough understanding of the coastal zone, considering ecological, economic, and social aspects. Engaging Affected Interests: Collaboration is key. In this stage, we actively involve stakeholders to ensure diverse perspectives and comprehensive insights. Developing an Integrated Management Plan: A carefully crafted plan emerges, incorporating the collective wisdom and addressing identified challenges. Receiving Endorsement of the Plan: The plan is presented for approval, seeking endorsement from relevant authorities and stakeholders. Implementing the Plan: With approval secured, the plan is set into motion, guided by the defined strategies and actions. Monitoring and Evaluating Outcomes: Continuous monitoring ensures the effectiveness of implemented measures, allowing for adjustments as needed. Principles: Ecosystem-based Management: We prioritize the health and sustainability of the coastal ecosystem, recognizing its intricate connections. Sustainable Development: Our actions aim for a balance that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Precautionary Approach: Inherent uncertainties drive us to take preventive measures, especially when potential harm to the coastal zone is evident. Conservation: Preservation of biodiversity and natural resources is at the forefront, ensuring the resilience of coastal ecosystems. Shared Responsibility: Collaboration is emphasized, involving various stakeholders in the collective responsibility of coastal management. Flexibility and Inclusiveness: A dynamic and adaptable approach is key, acknowledging diverse perspectives and fostering inclusivity. This integrated management concept provides a robust framework for navigating the complexities of coastal zone management. As we progress, let us keep these stages and principles in mind, fostering a sustainable and harmonious coexistence with our coastal environments.
- In this slide, we delve into the essential realm of research initiatives aimed at understanding and conserving biodiversity in India. Our concerted efforts involve comprehensive surveys, satellite monitoring, and collaboration with esteemed institutions. Let's explore the key components: Ecosystem Surveys: Our endeavors encompass a meticulous inventory and monitoring of various ecosystems, including Marine, Islands, Mangroves, Wetlands, and Coastal Areas. These surveys are pivotal in comprehending the intricate dynamics of India's biodiversity. Institutions Providing Support: NIO (National Institute of Oceanography): A pioneer in ocean science, contributing valuable insights into marine phenomena. CMFRI (Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute): Focused on advancing research and development in the domain of marine fisheries. ZSI (Zoological Survey of India): Dedicated to the survey, exploration, and taxonomy of fauna. BSI (Botanical Survey of India): Engaged in surveying, collecting, and classifying flora across the nation. Remote Sensing and Satellite Monitoring: Leveraging advanced technology, the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) employs satellite programs to monitor and analyze coastal and marine biodiversity. This technological approach enhances our ability to gather accurate and real-time data. Ganga Action Plan: As part of our commitment to environmental stewardship, we emphasize the improvement of sewage-treatment technologies in the Ganga River. This strategic action is integral to the broader goal of maintaining a healthy and sustainable ecosystem. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR): At the forefront of conserving and ensuring the sustainable use of fish diversity in India, the NBFGR plays a crucial role in safeguarding our aquatic resources. As we navigate through these research initiatives, we reinforce our dedication to advancing knowledge, fostering collaboration, and contributing to the holistic conservation of India's rich biodiversity.
- Welcome to Slide 9, where we delve into the primary objectives of Coastal Zone Management. Let's explore how these strategies play a pivotal role in shaping sustainable coastal development. Maximizing Benefits and Minimizing Conflicts: Coastal Zone Management is a comprehensive approach aimed at optimizing the benefits offered by coastal zones. This includes leveraging resources for economic activities like tourism, fisheries, and infrastructure development while simultaneously mitigating conflicts and minimizing adverse impacts on the environment and local communities. Dissipating Tidal and Wave Energy: Coastal areas are susceptible to natural threats such as tidal waves and storms. Our management strategies focus on effectively dissipating tidal and wave energy. This not only safeguards coastal communities but also reduces the risk of disasters, ensuring a resilient and secure coastal environment. Stabilizing Adjoining Land: A critical facet of Coastal Zone Management involves stabilizing the land adjacent to the coast. We address challenges such as erosion and land loss, implementing measures that protect ecosystems and support sustainable human activities. This commitment ensures the longevity and health of coastal regions. Promoting Linkages between Sectoral Activities: Coastal zones host a myriad of activities—from tourism and fishing to various infrastructure projects. Effective management is about fostering seamless connections between these sectoral activities. The goal is to create a synergy where each component complements the others, thereby avoiding conflicts and maximizing the overall benefit derived from coastal resources. As we proceed, keep in mind the intricate balance we aim to achieve: where economic activities thrive, environmental resilience is ensured, and coastal communities flourish sustainably. Thank you for your attention, and let's continue our journey into the strategic realm of Coastal Zone Management.
- In this slide, we delve into the intricacies of the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, an instrumental framework aimed at preserving and protecting our invaluable coastal zones. Aim: The primary aim of the CRZ is to safeguard our coastal ecosystems and the delicate balance they maintain. Guided by a set of principles, the notification strives to harmonize developmental needs while vehemently prohibiting activities that could harm our coastal environment. Emphasizing sustainable management, the CRZ Notification plays a pivotal role in defining our approach to coastal development. Evolution (1981-2011): Taking a step back into history, we find the genesis of CRZ in the directive by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1981, urging the restriction of development within 500m of the coastline. Subsequent years witnessed milestones in the evolution of CRZ, culminating in the official notification in 1991 under the Environment Protection Act. This timeline showcases our nation's commitment to responsible coastal management. Post-2011 Timeline: Moving forward, significant developments have marked the CRZ landscape post-2011. The year 2015 saw the formation of the Shailesh Nayak Committee, tasked with recommending changes. In 2018, the Union Cabinet approved a draft notification, leading to the issuance of a new CRZ Notification in 2019 under the Environment Protection Act. These revisions aimed to promote sustainable development and conserve our coastal stretches amidst the challenges of natural hazards and rising sea levels. Reforms (2018 & 2019): The reforms introduced in 2018 and 2019 were pivotal. They included a reduction in No Development Zones (NDZ), the introduction of new CRZ categories (CRZ-III A & CRZ-III B), and eased Floor Space Index (FSI) norms for CRZ-II areas. Special attention was given to pollution abatement and conservation efforts, reflecting a comprehensive approach to coastal zone management. In conclusion, the CRZ Notification stands as a testament to our commitment to balanced coastal development. As we explore further, we recognize its crucial role in steering our nation towards sustainable growth while ensuring the preservation of our unique coastal environment.
- In this slide, we delve into the intricate framework of the Coastal Regulation Zone, specifically exploring its zoning system. This zoning mechanism plays a pivotal role in determining the degree of permissible human activities along our expansive coastlines, ensuring a harmonious coexistence between development and conservation efforts. Introduction to CRZ Zones: The Coastal Regulation Zone, or CRZ, is a comprehensive framework designed to classify coastal areas based on their ecological sensitivity and the permissible extent of human activities. Its primary objective is to strike a delicate balance that fosters sustainable development while safeguarding our coastal ecosystems. CRZ-1: Ecologically Sensitive Areas: CRZ-1 is dedicated to areas of paramount ecological significance critical for maintaining the overall health of coastal ecosystems. These areas include national parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, mangroves, and coral reefs. To minimize environmental impact, activities in CRZ-1 are carefully regulated, with limited permissions granted for specific purposes like the exploration of natural gas and salt extraction. CRZ-2: Developed Areas: Moving to CRZ-2, we encounter zones that are already significantly developed along the shoreline. These often cover urbanized or industrialized coastal regions. Here, controlled construction is allowed within specified guidelines. The reconstruction of existing authorized structures is also permitted without altering their current use. CRZ-3: Urban and Rural Settlements: CRZ-3 encompasses areas that are urban or rural but do not fall under the classifications of CRZ-1 or CRZ-2. Typically undisturbed areas within city boundaries or legally designated urban regions, CRZ-3 permits limited activities related to agriculture, horticulture, and public facilities. Construction is restricted to repairs of existing authorized structures. CRZ-4: Coastal Stretches in Islands: Lastly, CRZ-4 applies to coastal stretches in islands, excluding those designated as CRZ-1, CRZ-2, or CRZ-3. Primarily covering coastal areas of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, and other small islands, CRZ-4 permits fishing and related services, with stringent regulations against the release of solid waste. In conclusion, understanding the nuances of CRZ zones is imperative for navigating the delicate equilibrium between development imperatives and the preservation of our extensive coastline. The dynamic nature of these zones ensures a responsive approach to the evolving needs of sustainable coastal development.
- In this slide, let's delve into the crucial role of the Coastal Zone Management Authority, commonly known as CZMA. Established in the year 2002, CZMA is a pivotal body entrusted with safeguarding and enhancing the coastal environment. Let's explore its key functions. Establishment: CZMA was instituted in 2002, reflecting the growing awareness of the need for dedicated management of coastal zones. Authorities: CZMA comprises both State and National Coastal Zone Management Authorities, working collaboratively to address regional and national coastal challenges. Key Functions: Protecting and Improving Coastal Environment: CZMA plays a vital role in implementing measures that contribute to the overall improvement of the coastal environment. Controlling Pollution: Enforcing stringent regulations, CZMA works to control and manage pollution in coastal areas, ensuring a sustainable and healthy environment. Examining Proposals: The authority meticulously reviews proposals seeking alterations in CRZ classification and Coastal Zone Management Plans. Enforcing CRZ Provisions: CZMA is empowered to take appropriate actions against any violations of Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) provisions, maintaining the integrity of coastal regulations. Understanding the multifaceted functions of CZMA is fundamental to appreciating its role in steering the sustainable development and preservation of our invaluable coastal ecosystems.
- As we conclude our exploration of coastal management, let's reflect on the importance of our coastal zones and the roadmap for a sustainable future. Coastal zones, comprising 20% of the Earth's surface, are home to half of the world's population. Our recap underscores their significance and the challenges they face. Despite their remarkable productivity, coastal ecosystems are under constant threat from ecological disturbances and habitat destruction. The need for sustainable practices is paramount, affecting the livelihoods of 200 million people along our extensive 7517 km coastline. Effective waste management, habitat conservation, and community involvement are key pillars for ensuring sustainable coastal practices. Coastal management not only safeguards the environment but also encourages inclusive governance. Local involvement is crucial for good governance, fostering sustainable and inclusive development. Our future strategy involves addressing natural threats, mitigating industrial impacts, and preventing depletion of marine resources. A balanced and sustainable coastal zone requires comprehensive strategies, technological integration, and active community engagement. As we chart the future, envision a coastal landscape where nature and development coexist harmoniously. Our commitment to sustainability will shape a balanced and resilient coastal ecosystem for generations to come.
- Ladies and gentlemen, as I draw the presentation to a close, I extend my sincere gratitude for your time and attention. Thank you for being a receptive audience and engaging in our discussion on coastal zone management in India. Your interest in this critical subject is greatly appreciated. We've delved into the intricacies of coastal zone management, exploring its challenges, legislations, and the imperative need for sustainable practices. The conservation of our coastal ecosystems demands collaborative efforts. Your interest and commitment contribute significantly to the collective responsibility we share. In conclusion, I express my sincere thanks once again. As we conclude, let's carry forward the insights gained today and actively participate in the ongoing dialogue and actions for a sustainable and resilient coastal future.