This document provides information about low density polyethylene (LDPE). It begins with an introduction to polymers and their classification. It then discusses the polymerization processes of addition and condensation. Key details about polyethylene are provided, distinguishing high density polyethylene (HDPE) from LDPE. The production process of LDPE is described, involving ethylene gas reacted at high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst. Process equipment such as compressors, reactors, and separators are outlined. LDPE properties and uses are mentioned.

1. Chemical Technology
LOW DENSITY
POLYETHYLENE
By Ashna Gautam
Department of Chemical Engineering
B.M.S. College of Engineering
5/8/2023

2. POLYMERS- AN INTRODUCTION
• Polymers are of a class of natural or synthetic substances
composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules, that
are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers.
• Polymers have molecular weight of the range 103 to 107.
• Various naturally occurring polymers are cellulose, lignin, proteins,
resin and rubber.

3. CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS
ELASTOMER
• Resistant solids with high flexural
strength.
• Butadiene and derivatives,
silicones, etc.
FIBER
• Thread forming solids with high
tensile strength.
• Polyester, polyamides, etc.
THERMOPLASTIC
• Flow under the application of
heat and pressure.
• Can be remoulded.
• Have linear chain molecules.
• Vinyls, polyethylene, etc.
THERMOSETTING
• Undergo curing reaction, which
involves crosslinking of polymer
chains and harden.
• Once set, they cannot be
remoulded or melted.
• Urea-aldehydes, phenol
formaldehyde,etc.
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

4. POLYMERIZATION
Addition
Condensation

5. POLYETHYLENE
HDPE
LDPE- characteristics and properties
uses

6. LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE
RAW MATERIAL: ETHYLENE GAS FROM LNG OR NAPHTHA PLANT
CHEMICAL REACTIONS:
(i) Initiation
(ii) Propagation
(iii) Termination

7. ETHYLENE
(99.9%)
PRIMARY
COMPRESSOR
SECONDARY
COMPRESSOR
CATALYST O2 /
PEROXIDE
COOLING TOWER
150
MPa
190° C
LDPE MELT
HIGH PRESSURE
SEPARATOR
30% conversion
per pass
LOW PRESSURE
SEPARATOR
SEPARATOR
DRIER
POLYETHYLENE
PELLETS
COLD WATER
QUENCH COOLER
EXTRUDER &
PELLETIZER
LDPE PRODUCTION PROCESS

8. PROCESS DESCRIPTION
• The gas from LNG plant is sent to de-methanizer where
methane is removed. Then to de-ethanizer where ethane is
removed to obtain ethylene. Around 99.8% of ethylene is
compressed in the primary compressor to 250 atm. Then it is
compressed to 3000 atm in hyper compressor.
• The liquid ethylene is sent to a jacketed tubular reactor with
catalyst oxygen at 190°C. Reaction takes place in solution and
product from the reactor is decompressed(separated) at 280
atm in the high pressure separator.
•

9. PROCESS DESCRIPTION
• The LDPE melt obtained is sent to a low pressure separator
where the pressure is lowered to 0.5 atm. The unreacted gas
is recycled.
• Then the product is sent to extruder where it is
converted into pellets, added with plasticizer, homogenizer
and other additives.
• Sent to quench cooler, water separator and dryer, and
finally polyethylene pellets are obtained.
• LDPE is thermoplastic, can be reshaped and reformed.

10. Thank you
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11. POLYMER INDUSTRIES
PLASTIC
RUBBER
FIBRE
PAINT
AND
VARNISH

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You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
01

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VENUS
It has a beautiful
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MARS
Mars is actually a
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Mercury is a
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2005
Venus has a
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2010
Mars is actually
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2015
Neptune is the
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2020

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21. MARKET SEGMENTATION
VENUS
Venus has a
lovely name
12%
JUPITER
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
38%
MERCURY
Mercury is a
small planet
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the
farthest planet
36%
24%
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22. CORE VALUES
JUPITER
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
SATURN
It’s a gas giant and
has several rings
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the
farthest planet
MERCURY
It’s the closest
planet to the Sun
VENUS
Venus has a
beautiful name
MARS
Mars is actually a
very cold place

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JUPITER VENUS
65%
80%
45%
50%
Mercury is a
small planet

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GENDER
40%
SOCIAL MEDIA
Male
30% 20% 40% 10%
It’s the biggest planet
in the Solar System
SHOPPING
30% 60% 10%
60%
Female
456,754,000
Approximate Budget

25. BUDGET ALLOCATION
MARS VENUS 2019 2020 2021
Mercury is the smallest planet $400 $1,500 $800
Mars is a cold place $2,000 $100 $350
Venus has a beautiful name $2,500 $800 $1,000

26. STRATEGY
VENUS
Venus has a
beautiful name
JUPITER Jupiter is the
biggest planet
MARS
Mars is a cold
place, not hot
SATURN Saturn is the
ringed planet
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the
farthest planet
1
2
3
4
5

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MARS
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place
SATURN
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
VENUS
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
EARTH
Earth is the third
planet from the Sun

29. BUDGET
34.67K
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
10.89M
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place
57.63%
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings

30. PERCENTAGES
45%
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
65%
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place

31. STATUS REPORT
STEPS L M H PROCESS DESCRIPTION
MERCURY 45% Mercury is a small planet
SATURN 87% Jupiter is the biggest planet
JUPITER 12% Mars is a cold place, not hot
NEPTUNE 56% Venus has a beautiful name

32. CONCLUSION
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
04

33. BUYER PERSONA PROFILE
SHOPPING CHOICES
65%
80%
50%
ANNUAL BUDGET It’s the biggest
planet in the
Solar System
INTERESTS
●Climate change
●Love animals
●Has plants
●Recycle
456,754,000
Despite being
red, Mars is a
cold place
PROFILE

34. SALES STRATEGY
VENUS
Venus has a
lovely name
35%
JUPITER
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
21%
MERCURY
Mercury is a
small planet
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the
farthest planet
32%
12%

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