Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to Greek Methology.pptx
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Greek Methology.pptx
- 3. Art
- 4. Religion
- 5. Honor is a concept many people believe in. You probably have heard the biblical saying ''honor thy father and thy mother'' or maybe you're familiar with the concept of filial piety, where children honor their parents in everything they do. Even though it's something you don't typically dwell on, honor probably plays a bigger role in your everyday life than you first imagined. After all, honor is essentially the same as having a lot of respect. Whether it is preserving one's honor or the honor of someone dear to them, honor is an important concept that has proven to be worth fighting and dying for in many cultures. This is also true in Greek mythology. If anything, Greek mythology is a grand stage where the honor of mortals and gods alike is kept intact at all costs.
- 6. Lesson 1: Greek Literature ILIAD Iliad takes its name from “Ilios”, an ancient Greek word for “Troy”, situated in what is Turkey today. This story had a central place in Greek mythology. The poem deals with a very short period in the tenth year of the Trojan war.
- 7. Objectives At the end of the lesson: • Determine how connected events contribute to the totality of a material viewed. • Determine the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustrations, etc. on the understanding of a text. • Infer characters value and disposition.
- 12. The beauty who launched a thousand ships.
- 17. A. Look for a pair and complete the character map below. (2 pts. each) Name of the Character Event Decision or Action Values or disposition
- 18. What do you think will happen next?
- 19. Evaluation • Who was the sea nymph and goddess who was wedded to a mortal, Peleus, to prevent the birth of a son greater than his father? • a) Hera • b) Athena • c) Thetis • d) Aphrodite • Who was the prince of Troy responsible for abducting Helen, the wife of Menelaus? • a) Hector • b) Paris • c) Achilles • d) Agamemnon • What goddess did Paris choose as the most beautiful in the famous beauty contest, which led to his reward of Helen's love? • a) Hera • b) Athena • c) Artemis • d) Demeter • Who was the king of Mycenae and the brother of Menelaus, leading the Greek expedition to Troy? • a) Achilles • b) Odysseus • c) Agamemnon • d) Nestor • Which war did the events of the abduction of Helen and the Greek expedition to Troy lead to? • a) Peloponnesian War • b) Persian War Why did the goddess Eris feel slighted and throw a golden apple among the goddesses? a) She wanted to give them a gift b) She was angry with Zeus c) She was not invited to a feast d) She wanted to cause a fight What was inscribed on the golden apple that Eris threw? a) "To the Wisest" b) "To the Strongest" c) "To the Bravest" d) "To the Fairest" Which three goddesses claimed the golden apple and began to dispute over it? a) Hera, Athena, and Artemis b) Demeter, Aphrodite, and Hestia c) Athena, Artemis, and Persephone d) Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite How did the goddesses decide to resolve their dispute over the golden apple? a) They had a wrestling match b) They each presented a gift to Paris c) They asked Zeus to judge d) They held a vote among the gods Which mortal prince was tasked with judging the beauty of the goddesses and deciding who should receive the golden apple? a) Achilles b) Odysseus c) Hector d) Paris
- 20. 1. Who was the sea nymph and goddess who was wedded to a mortal, Peleus, to prevent the birth of a son greater than his father? a) Hera b) Athena c) Thetis d) Aphrodite 2.Who was the prince of Troy responsible for abducting Helen, the wife of Menelaus? a) Hector b) Paris c) Achilles d) Agamemnon 3.Who is the goddess Paris choose as the most beautiful in the famous beauty contest, which led to his reward of Helen's love? a) Hera b) Athena c) Aphrodite d) Demeter
- 21. 4. Who was the king of Mycenae and the brother of Menelaus, leading the Greek expedition to Troy? a) Achilles b) Odysseus c) Agamemnon d) Nestor 5. Which war did the events of the abduction of Helen and the Greek expedition to Troy lead to? a) Peloponnesian War b) Persian War c) Punic War d) Trojan War
- 22. 6.Which epic poem primarily focuses on the rage of Achilles during the Trojan War? a) The Odyssey b) The Aeneid c) The Iliad d) The Epic of Gilgamesh 7.What did Aphrodite promise Paris in exchange for choosing her as the most beautiful goddess? a) Immortality b) Wisdom and strategy in battle c) The love of the most beautiful mortal woman d) Great riches and power 8.Which Greek king was the husband of Helen and sought to reclaim her from Troy? a) Agamemnon b) Priam c) Hector d) Menelaus
- 23. 9.In Greek mythology, who was responsible for causing the Trojan War due to her jealousy and anger at not being invited in wedding? a) Athena b) Eris c) Hera d) Demeter 10.What did the wedding of Thetis and Peleus lead to, despite the prophecy about their son? a) The fall of Troy b) The establishment of a new kingdom c) The birth of Achilles d) A prolonged period of peace
- 24. 11.Why did the goddess Eris feel slighted and throw a golden apple among the goddesses? a) She wanted to give them a gift b) She was angry with Zeus c) She was not invited to a feast d) She wanted to cause a fight 12.What was inscribed on the golden apple that Eris threw? a) "To the Wisest" b) "To the Strongest" c) "To the Bravest" d) "To the Fairest" 13.Which three goddesses claimed the golden apple and began to dispute over it? a) Hera, Athena, and Artemis b) Demeter, Aphrodite, and Hestia c) Athena, Artemis, and Persephone d) Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite
- 25. 14.How did the goddesses decide to resolve their dispute over the golden apple? a) They had a wrestling match b) They each presented a gift to Paris c) They asked Zeus to judge d) They held a vote among the gods 15.Which mortal prince was tasked with judging the beauty of the goddesses and deciding who should receive the golden apple? a) Achilles b) Odysseus c) Hector d) Paris 16.What did Hera offer to Paris as a bribe to choose her as the fairest goddess? a) Wisdom and skill in battle b) Power and dominion c) The love of the most beautiful mortal woman d) Eternal life
- 26. 17.Which goddess promised Paris the love of the most beautiful mortal woman as her bribe? a) Athena b) Artemis c) Aphrodite d) Demeter 18.Who was the mortal woman promised to Paris as a reward for choosing Aphrodite as the fairest goddess? a) Andromache b) Penelope c) Helen d) Medea 19.What was the consequence of Paris' choice in the Judgment of Paris? a) He became a god b) He was punished by Zeus c) The Trojan War was triggered d) He received eternal happiness
- 27. 20. How is the Judgment of Paris often depicted in art and literature? a) As a battle between gods and mortals b) As a peaceful gathering of gods c) As a wedding celebration d) As a contest among goddesses
- 28. Assignment Take time to read the “Excerpt from Iliad” Book XXII The Death of Hector by Homer found in pages 5- 17. Or you may visit this url https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlpxHAKGt1Y for a supplemental material about the story Iliad.
- 29. Fill in the blanks with the correct letters. (1 pt. each) • A. Who are the two warriors in the story? • 1. __C__ILL__S • 2. H__ __TO__ B. Who were the gods and goddesses mentioned in the story? 3. __E__S 4. T__ET__S 5.__RI__ 6. H__ R__ 7. AT__EN__ 8. __PH__O__I__E 9. AP__L__O
- 30. Match the following character to their description. 1. Thetis 2. Hector 3. Hera A. A Trojan prince and the greatest warrior of Troy, known for his bravery and defense of the city during the Trojan War. B. A sea nymph and mother of Achilles, known for her role in both human and divine affairs. C.The queen of the gods, goddess of marriage, and protector of married women, often depicted as a powerful and sometimes vengeful figure.
- 31. 4. Aphrodite 5. Achilles 6. Zeus D. The king of the gods in Greek mythology, ruler of Mount Olympus, and god of the sky and thunder. E.A heroic Greek warrior and central figure in the Trojan War, known for his exceptional strength and vulnerability in his heel. F. The goddess of love, beauty, and desire, often associated with romantic and sexual attraction.
- 32. 7.Apollo 8.Eris 9. Athena G.The goddess of wisdom, courage, and warfare, born fully grown and armored from Zeus' forehead, and a patron of heroes. H.The god of music, arts, prophecy, and healing, known for his skill with the bow and his association with the sun. I. The goddess of discord and strife, famously responsible for starting the Trojan War by instigating the "Apple of Discord" incident.
- 33. Objectives • Explain how the elements specific to a selection build its theme. • Get information that can be used in everyday life from news reports, speeches, informative talks, panel discussions, etc.
- 34. Listen to the story telling of Iliad “The death of Hector” rendered by ____
- 35. Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer. 1. "Who is Hector in the Iliad?" A. Hector is a Greek hero who plays a central role in the Iliad. B. Hector is a Trojan prince and warrior, and he is one of the main characters in the Iliad. C. Hector is a Roman emperor mentioned in the Iliad. D. Hector is a mythical creature in Greek mythology, unrelated to the Iliad.
- 36. 2."Who is Hector in the Iliad?" A. Hector is a Greek hero who plays a central role in the Iliad. B. Hector is a Trojan prince and warrior, and he is one of the main characters in the Iliad. C. Hector is a Roman emperor mentioned in the Iliad. D. Hector is a mythical creature in Greek mythology, unrelated to the Iliad.
- 37. Question 3: What event leads to Hector's confrontation with Achilles? a) A disagreement over a woman b) A dispute over a battlefield c) The kidnapping of Hector's son d) A challenge issued during a truce
- 38. Question 4: How does Achilles kill Hector? a) With a single, decisive blow to the head b) By poisoning his drink c) In a lengthy swordfight d) By dragging him behind a chariot
- 39. Question 5: What is Hector's dying request to Achilles? a) To spare his life and make him a slave b) To ensure a proper funeral for his body c) To marry his sister d) To return his armor to his family
- 40. Question 6: Who are witnesses the death of Hector? a) Only Achilles and Hector b) The entire Greek and Trojan armies c) Hector's wife and children d) A few select gods
- 41. Question 7: How does Hector's death affect the Trojan War? a) It leads to the Greeks' immediate victory b) It prolongs the war and intensifies the conflict c) The war comes to an abrupt end d) The Trojans surrender and the war ends peacefully
- 42. Question 8: Who intervenes to prevent further disrespect to Hector's body? a) The Trojans b) The Greeks c) The gods d) Hector's family
- 43. Question 9: How is Hector's body treated after his death? a) It is desecrated and left to rot on the battlefield b) It is burned on a pyre and his ashes are scattered c) It is embalmed and preserved for a proper burial d) It is thrown into the sea as an offering to the gods
- 44. Question 10: What emotions are evoked by Hector's death in the Iliad? a) Triumph and celebration b) Sadness and mourning c) Relief and satisfaction d) Apathy and indifference
- 45. THE DEATH OF HECTOR
- 51. 1. Hector initially considers retreating behind the walls of Troy but is persuaded by his sense of duty and honor to face Achilles in single combat. (Answer: True) 2. Achilles withdrew from the Trojan War because of a dispute with Hector. (Answer: False) 3.Hector is victorious in his duel with Achilles.(Answer: False) 4. Achilles grants Hector's plea for proper burial, ensuring that his body receives the proper rites.(Answer: False) 5. Apollo, the god of archery, intervenes to protect Hector's body from desecration.(Answer: True) 6.Hector's death has no significant impact on the events of the "Iliad." (Answer: False) 7. Hector's final moments on the battlefield are marked by his arrogance and defiance.(Answer: False) 8. Hector's death highlights the themes of heroism, fate, and the cost of war in the "Iliad." (Answer: True) 9. Achilles shows mercy to Hector by granting him a quick and painless death. (Answer: False)
- 52. True or False. Write T if the statement is correct F if the statement is wrong.
- 53. 1. Hector initially considers retreating behind the walls of Troy but is persuaded by his sense of duty and honor to face Achilles in single combat. 2. Achilles withdrew from the Trojan War because of a dispute with Hector. 3.Hector is victorious in his duel with Achilles.
- 54. 4. Achilles grants Hector's plea for proper burial, ensuring that his body receives the proper rites. 5. Apollo, the god of archery, intervenes to protect Hector's body from desecration. 6.Hector's death has no significant impact on the events of the "Iliad."
- 55. 7. Hector's final moments on the battlefield are marked by his arrogance and defiance. 8. Hector's death highlights the themes of heroism, fate, and the cost of war in the "Iliad." 9. Achilles shows mercy to Hector by granting him a quick and painless death. 10. Hector's death occurs inside the walls of Troy.
Editor's Notes
- What culture do these pictures depicts? Answer: Greek Engagement It is a custom in Greece to get engaged before getting married. The man has to ask for the hand of the woman from her father and close family, while the two families give presents to the bride and groom. The couple exchanges wedding rings that are worn on the left hand. After the wedding, these rings will be worn on the right hand. In Greece, the engagement period may last for years and it is like a commitment to the families. This custom is still vivid in the Greek mainland and the islands regions, while gradually it tends to disappear. Carnival In Greece, the Carnival is called "Apokries". The festival consists of two weeks of the feast, beginning from the Sunday of Meat Fare and ends with the first day of the Lent, called Clean Monday (Kathari Deutera). Everyone is costumed and parties take place in the streets and bars, throwing colored confetti to each other. The most famous Carnival Parade takes place in the city of Patra. In many towns around Greece and in the islands, local customs revive. The Carnival is believed to come from paganism, and more precisely from the old festivities worshipping Dionysus, the god of wine and feast. Clean Monday Clean Monday or Lent Monday is the first day of the Lent (Saracosti) during which families go for a picnic in the countryside and fly kites. Easter Easter is the most important celebration for the Greeks, even more than Christmas. On Good Thursday or Good Saturday, women dye eggs in red and bake buns. On Good Friday, the day of mourning, the Epitaphios, the tomb of Christ with its icon, decorated with flowers, is taken out of the church and carried around the village followed by a slow procession. After the procession returns to the church where the believers kiss the image of the Christ.
- Fustanella (for men): foo-stah-NEH-lah Poulaines (for women): poo-LAY-nehs "Moussaka." Moussaka is a traditional dish made with layers of eggplant, minced meat (usually beef or lamb), and a rich tomato sauce. It's often topped with a creamy béchamel sauce and then baked to perfection. Herbs and spices like cinnamon and nutmeg are commonly used to flavor the dish. Pronunciation: moo-SAH-kah Another iconic Greek dish is "Souvlaki." Souvlaki consists of skewered and grilled pieces of marinated meat, often served with pita bread, fresh vegetables, and a yogurt-based sauce called "tzatziki." Pronunciation: soo-VLAH-kee "Gyros" is another popular Greek food. It's made by stacking thin slices of meat (typically pork, chicken, or lamb) on a vertical rotisserie. The meat is then cooked slowly as it rotates, and the cooked slices are shaved off and typically served in pita bread with vegetables and sauces. Pronunciation: YEE-ros Greek cuisine also includes various other delicious dishes like "Spanakopita" (a savory pastry filled with spinach and feta cheese), "Dolmades" (stuffed grape leaves), and "Greek Salad" (a refreshing combination of tomatoes, cucumbers, olives, feta cheese, and olive oil).
- famous ancient Greek sculpture known as the "Discobolus" or "Discus Thrower." This sculpture depicts a young athlete in the act of throwing a discus, which was a common athletic event in ancient Greece. The Discobolus is renowned for its representation of the human body in motion and its emphasis on the idealized form. It captures a moment of intense physical exertion and athleticism. The original Greek sculpture is lost, but there are numerous Roman copies and replicas that have survived and are displayed in various museums around the world. It seems like you might be asking about ancient Greek architectural features, specifically columns and pillars. Greek architecture is characterized by its use of distinct column styles, which were used to support buildings and temples. The three main types of columns used in ancient Greek architecture are the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns. Each style has its own distinctive features:
- The population in mainland Greece and the Greek islands is Christian Orthodox per 90%. The religion of the rest of the population is Muslims, Catholic, Jewish and other minorities. Greece and Russia are the only countries to have such a great proportion of the Orthodox population. Moreover.. when it comes to values...Greek gives great importance in honor and glory as being portrayed in most of their literature.
- Filial piety is a Confucian virtue and a fundamental concept in many East Asian cultures, particularly in China. It refers to the respect, devotion, and duty that children are expected to show towards their parents and elders. In a broader sense, it emphasizes the importance of family bonds, ancestor worship, and maintaining harmonious relationships within the family unit.
- Honor in Ancient Greece meant more than pride. It was a symbol of worthiness established through the respect of one's peers. If you were an honorable person, you were valuable in the eyes of society. Honor afforded you the respect of your peers, social status, and privilege. The reverse is also true. If you had lost your honor, you were unimportant. The only way to restore yourself to glory was to regain your honor by proving yourself worthy. However, Greek mythology typically contains a certain type of honor that tends to be self-destructive. Hubris, or excessive pride, is found in Greek mythology and showcases arrogant self-confidence that causes great mishaps. The Iliad and The Odyssey Of all the Ancient Greek myths, honor and hubris are a driving force for the characters in The Iliad and The Odyssey. Both of these stories contain cases where the quest for honor, or the battle to maintain it, has strong consequences.
- Zeus arranged the wedding of the mortal Peleus and the goddess Thetis.
- All gods were invited except Eris (Discord).
- Angred, Eris threw an apple on which was written, “For the fairest”, among the guest, Hera, Athena and Aphrodite each claimed the apple.
- A shephered, Paris, was brought to judge and each goddess took turns bribing him: Hera with power and a most prosperous kingdom; Athena with glory in war, and Aphrodite with the most beautiful woman on earth. (Paris, son of Hecuba and Priam, King of Troy, was left in Mount Ida as a child and was raised by the shepherds because he was propheied to bring destruction to Troy.) To the jealousy of other goddesses, Paris chose Aphrodite.
- Helen, the most beautiful woman of earth was already married to Menelaus, King of Sparta. Paris sailed to Greece and was received by Menelaus.
- Paris was seduced by Helen and eloped with ther.
- Infuriated, Menelaus asked his brother Agmemnon and other kings who swore allegiance to whomever won Helen’s hand to bring her back. Oddyssues of Ithaca and Achilles, son of Thetis, were also enlisted. The Greeks sailed to Troy with one thousand ships but the winds died.
- It was only after Agammemnon sacrificed his own daughter Iphegenia to appease the god did the wind pick up.
- Upon arrival at Troy, an impenetrable walled city built with the help of Poseidon (but Troy refused to pay for his effoerts; thus. the city is vulnerable to attack without divide protection), everybody hesitated to go ashore becuase of the prophecy that he who landed first would be killed first. It was Protesilaus who leaped ashore first and was killed by Hector, son Priam.
- Are you interested to know?
- Why did the goddess Eris feel slighted and throw a golden apple among the goddesses? Answer: c) She was not invited to a feast What was inscribed on the golden apple that Eris threw? Answer: d) "To the Fairest" Which three goddesses claimed the golden apple and began to dispute over it? Answer: d) Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite How did the goddesses decide to resolve their dispute over the golden apple? Answer: c) They asked Zeus to judge Which mortal prince was tasked with judging the beauty of the goddesses and deciding who should receive the golden apple? Answer: d) Paris What did Hera offer to Paris as a bribe to choose her as the fairest goddess? Answer: b) Power and dominion Which goddess promised Paris the love of the most beautiful mortal woman as her bribe? Answer: c) Aphrodite Who was the mortal woman promised to Paris as a reward for choosing Aphrodite as the fairest goddess? Answer: c) Helen What was the consequence of Paris' choice in the Judgment of Paris? Answer: c) The Trojan War was triggered How is the Judgment of Paris often depicted in art and literature? Answer: d) As a contest among goddesses Feel free to compare your answers to the key to see how you did on the quiz!
- b, a
- 1. b 2. a 3.c
- 4. F 5. E 6. F
- 7. h 8. i 9. g
- b
- b
- 1) A Trojan hero 2) They are bitter enemies 3) A challenge issued during a truce
- 4. d) By dragging him behind a chariot 5. b) To ensure a proper funeral for his body
- 6. b) The entire Greek and Trojan armies 7. b) It prolongs the war and intensifies the conflict
- 8. c) The gods 9. b) It is burned on a pyre and his ashes are scattered
- 10. b) Sadness and mourning Hector, a prince of Troy and a renowned warrior, becomes a central figure in the Trojan War. He is known for his valor and love for his family and city. The conflict escalates when Hector kills Patroclus, a close companion of Achilles. This tragedy fuels Achilles' desire for revenge. Achilles, driven by rage and grief over Patroclus' death, challenges Hector to single combat. Despite Hector's bravery, he is eventually overpowered by Achilles, who kills him. After Hector's death, Achilles dishonorably ties his body to a chariot and drags it around the walls of Troy, causing immense sorrow to the Trojans. Hector's dying wish is for his body to be returned to his family for proper burial. He asks Achilles to ensure that his body receives the respect it deserves. This request humanizes Hector and highlights the tragedy of his death. Hector's demise becomes a turning point in the Trojan War. The loss of their greatest defender weakens the Trojans, while Achilles' return to battle rejuvenates the Greek forces. The war rages on for years, with Hector's death haunting both sides. The gods intervene to protect Hector's body from further degradation. Apollo, the god of prophecy and healing, prevents the body from decay and mutilation. This divine intervention reflects the gods' respect for Hector's heroism. Following the gods' intervention, Hector's body is placed on a funeral pyre and cremated. His ashes are then gathered and placed in an urn, signifying a proper and honorable farewell. Hector's death evokes a profound sense of sadness and mourning among the Trojans and even some Greeks. The loss of such a noble and courageous figure reminds the readers of the human cost of war and the complex emotions it generates.
- The death of Hector is a significant event in Homer's epic poem, the "Iliad." Hector is a Trojan prince and a heroic warrior who plays a central role in the poem. His death occurs during the Trojan War, as the Greeks, led by Achilles, besiege the city of Troy.
- The Trojan War has been raging for nine years, with both the Greek and Trojan armies suffering heavy losses. Hector is one of the Trojan heroes and their primary defender.
- Achilles, the greatest Greek warrior, had withdrawn from the war in anger over a dispute with Agamemnon. However, after the death of his close friend Patroclus, Achilles returns to the battlefield with a burning desire for revenge. Achilles and Agamemnon's dispute arose over the division of war spoils, particularly the captive woman Briseis. Agamemnon took Briseis from Achilles, who considered her his honor and prize. This angered Achilles, leading to his withdrawal from the war. He only returned after the death of his close friend Patroclus, driven by a desire for revenge against the Trojans and Agamemnon.
- Hector, aware of Achilles' return and his formidable reputation as a warrior, initially considers retreating behind the walls of Troy. However, he is persuaded by his sense of duty and honor to face Achilles in single combat.
- Achilles challenged Hector to a one-on-one duel outside the walls of Troy. Hector accepted the challenge, and the duel began. The duel between Hector and Achilles is a significant moment in the "Iliad," with Hector ultimately meeting his demise at Achilles' hands. This event is a key turning point in the epic, marking Achilles' return to the battlefield and the eventual fall of Troy. During the duel, the gods Apollo, who favored the Trojans, and Athena, who favored the Greeks, intervened to some extent. Apollo helped Hector by guiding him and providing him with strength and courage to face Achilles. However, Athena, who was on the side of the Greeks, tricked Hector into standing his ground when Achilles approached, even though she did not directly participate in the combat. Hector and Achilles meet on the battlefield outside the walls of Troy. They exchange taunts and engage in a fierce duel. Hector is valiant but is ultimately no match for Achilles' divine strength and skill. Achilles strikes a fatal blow, piercing Hector's neck with his spear. Hector's helmet falls off, and he collapses to the ground, dying.
- In his final moments, Hector pleads with Achilles to ensure that his body receives proper burial rites, fearing that his soul will be denied entry into the afterlife if it does not receive proper burial. The gods intervene to protect Hector's body from desecration. Apollo, the god of archery, covers Hector's body with a protective mist, preserving it from further harm. Hector's death marks a turning point in the "Iliad." It is a poignant moment that highlights the themes of heroism, fate, and the cost of war. His honorable conduct in the face of his inevitable death and his pleas for proper burial evoke sympathy, making Hector one of the most memorable characters in ancient literature. Despite Hector's pleas, Achilles refuses to grant him mercy or allow proper burial, showing the depths of his anger and grief over Patroclus' death. He drags Hector's body behind his chariot back to the Greek camp.