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Cardiac rehabilitation
By
Mrs. Archana Morey
Asst. Professor, Apollo College of Nursing
Email id: archana.jampanna@gmail.com
Apollo Hospitals Education and Research Foundation
Apollo Health City, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad-500096
www.apollohospitals.com

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Cardiac rehabilitation
Mrs. Archana Morey is Asst. Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing at
Apollo College of Nursing in Hyderabad. She earned her M.Sc. (N) from the
College of Nursing of Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. She
graduated from Kamineni College of Nursing,
Trained Nurses Association of India, Member of White Ribbon Alliance (WRA)
She organized and conducted workshops.
Research guide for Master Students. Content
Bio data
Cardiac rehabilitation
is Asst. Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing at
Apollo College of Nursing in Hyderabad. She earned her M.Sc. (N) from the
College of Nursing of Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. She
graduated from Kamineni College of Nursing, Hyderabad. She is a member of
ed Nurses Association of India, Member of White Ribbon Alliance (WRA)
ed workshops. Member of college Research Committee,
Students. Content Validator.
is Asst. Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing at
Apollo College of Nursing in Hyderabad. She earned her M.Sc. (N) from the
College of Nursing of Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. She
Hyderabad. She is a member of
ed Nurses Association of India, Member of White Ribbon Alliance (WRA)
Member of college Research Committee,

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CARDIAC REHABILITATION
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Abstract
People of all ages can benefit from cardiac rehab. The lifestyle changes made
during rehab have few risks. These changes can improve your overall health and
prevent future heart problems and even death. Cardiac rehabilitation describes all
measures used to help people with heart disease return to an active and satisfying
life and to prevent recurrence of cardiac events. Cardiac rehabilitation services
should be provided in collaboration with the patient’s cardiac specialist, general
practitioner and other health professionals who retain overall responsibility for the
patient’s management. Despite the evidence for the benefits of cardiac
rehabilitation and ongoing prevention, existing services are underutilized. This
reflects both a lack of initial referral and a failure of patients to attend despite
having been referred. Referrals should be offered to all patients and the individual
needs of each patient, and their family and community, need to be considered.
Patient preferences for different program models and methods of delivery should
be investigated and services developed.

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Introduction
Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically supervised program that helps improve the
health and well-being of people who have heart problems. Cardiac rehab can
improve overall health and prevent future heart problems and even death. Rehab
programs include exercise training, education on heart healthy living, and
counseling to reduce stress and help return to an active life. Cardiac rehab can help
to recover after a heart attack or heart surgery, Prevent future hospital stays, heart
problems, and death related to heart problems, Address risk factors that can lead to
coronary heart disease and other heart problems, Adopt healthy lifestyle changes
and Improves the health and quality of life.
Who Needs Cardiac Rehabilitation?
People of all ages and ethnic backgrounds and both sexes can benefit from cardiac
rehabilitation (rehab). Rehab can help people who have had:
 A heart attack
 Angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting for coronary heart disease
 Heart valve repair or replacement
 A heart transplant or a lung transplant
 Stable angina
 Heart failure

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 Coronary artery disease
 Peripheral arterial disease
 Cardiomyopathy
Procedure of Cardiac Rehabilitation

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Rehab activities will vary depending on thecondition. If the person is recovering
from major heart surgery, rehab will likely start with a member of the rehab team
helping to sit up in a chair or take a few steps. It is all about, range-of-motion
exercises, such as moving the fingers, hands, arms, legs, and feet. Over time, it
increases the activity level. Once the person leaves the hospital, rehab will
continue in a rehab center. The rehab center might be part of the hospital or located
elsewhere. The center close to home that offers services at a convenient time
should be selected. If no centers are available near the home, or if it's too hard to
get to them, ask the doctor about home-based rehab.
For the first 2–3 months, the person should go to rehab regularly to learn how to
reduce risk factors and start an exercise program. After that, the rehab team may
recommend less frequent visits.
Overall, the client/person may work with the rehab team for 3 months or longer.
The length of time you continue cardiac rehab depends on your situation.
The Cardiac Rehabilitation Team

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Cardiac rehab involves a long-term commitment from the patient and a team of
health care providers. The cardiac rehab team may include doctors (such as a
family doctor, a heart specialist, and a surgeon), nurses, exercise specialists,
physical and occupational therapists, dietitians or nutritionists, and psychologists
or other mental health specialists. Sometimes a case manager will help track your
care. Working with the team is an important part of cardiac rehab. You should
share questions and concerns with the team. This will help you reach your goals.
Pre-requisites during cardiac rehabilitations
Health Assessment
Before you start cardiac rehab, your rehab team will assess your health. This
includes taking your medical history and doing a physical exam and tests.
Medical History
 Whether the family has a history of heart disease.
 What medicines are taken, including over-the-counter medicines and dietary
supplements (such as vitamins and herbal remedies). Describe how much,
how often, and when each medicine is taken.
 Smoking
 Blood sugar level
 Whether, ever had hypoglycemia
Physical Exam: A doctor or nurse will do a physical exam to check the overall
health, heart rate, blood pressure, reflexes, and breathing.

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Tests: An EKG (electrocardiogram) is a simple test that detects and records your
heart's electrical activity. The test shows how fast your heart is beating and its
rhythm (steady or irregular). An EKG also shows the strength and timing of
electrical signals as they pass through the heart.
Benefits of cardiac rehabilitation
Cardiac rehabilitation (rehab) has many benefits. It can:

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 Reduce the overall risk of dying, the risk of future heart problems, and the
risk of dying from a heart attack
 Decrease pain and the need for medicines to treat heart or chest pain
 Lessen the chance that you'll have to go back to the hospital or emergency
room for a heart problem
 Improve the overall health by reducing your risk factors for heart problems
 Improves the quality of life and make it easier for you to work, take part in
social activities, and exercise
 Treatment for emotional health also can help some people quit smoking.
Risks of cardiac rehabilitation
The lifestyle changes that are made during cardiac rehab have few risks.Very
rarely, physical activity during rehab causes serious problems. These problems can
include injuries to the muscles and bones or heart rhythm problems that can lead to
a heart attack or death. If these signs and symptoms are noticed, one should stop
the activity and contact the doctor
Expectations during Cardiac Rehabilitation
During cardiac rehabilitation the person learns how to:
 Increase physical activity level and exercise safely

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 Follow a heart healthy diet
 Reduce risk factors for future heart problems
 Improve the emotional health
Outlook
Exercise training as part of cardiac rehab might not be safe for all patients. For
example, if you have very high blood pressure or severe heart disease, you might
not be ready for exercise. However, you can still benefit from other parts of the
cardiac rehab program.

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Conclusion:
Going to cardiac rehab regularly also can reduce stress, improve your ability to
move around, and help you stay independent. After cardiac rehabilitation program
ends, continue the diet and exercise habits which are learnt for the rest of the life to
maintain heart-health benefits
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