The peripheral nervous system refers to parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. It includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions. The anterior horn cells, although technically part of the central nervous system (CNS), are sometimes discussed with the peripheral nervous system because they are part of the motor unit.In the peripheral nervous system, bundles of nerve fibers or axons conduct information to and from the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system concerned with the innervation of involuntary structures, such as the heart, smooth muscle, and glands within the body. It is distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems.The peripheral nervous system refers to parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. It includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions. The anterior horn cells, although technically part of the central nervous system (CNS), are sometimes discussed with the peripheral nervous system because they are part of the motor unit.In the peripheral nervous system, bundles of nerve fibers or axons conduct information to and from the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system concerned with the innervation of involuntary structures, such as the heart, smooth muscle, and glands within the body. It is distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system
89. • Or using the rod
introduction
instrument /persuader
to push rod onto screw
head, by squeezing the
handle
• Locking screw is
inserted thro the
cannulation of the
instrument
90. • Compressing or
distracting screws at
required level in
increase or decrease
lordosis as required
• The locking screws
should be loosely
fastened before
using the
compressor or
distractor then
tightened
92. -hex screwdriver to thread
locking washer over the
stardrive locking screw
-Then final tightening of
the stardrive locking
screws with countertorque
96. -Can be placed
from top
- lock the set
screw on the
rod
-Lock the swivel
ring on the both
sides of
connector with
hex driver
97. Summary
⚫ Recognise basic Spinal Instruments
⚫ Preparation of instruments for spine operation at different level
– Basic
– Optional : appropriate inst for required level
( Consideration: Approach, spinal instrumentation,
Bone grafting, Power instruments,
Surgeon’s preference )
⚫ Instruments for pedicle screw / hook / wire
⚫ Example of a cervical instrumentation system