Construction Machinery Scraper as  heavy equipment

1. SCRAPPERS
• The scraper is a large piece of equipment which isused in
mining, construction, agriculture and other earthmoving applications. The
rear part has a vertically moveable hopper (also known as the bowl) with a
sharp horizontal front edge. The hopper can be hydraulically lowered and
raised.
• In civil engineering, a wheel tractor-scraper is a piece of heavy
equipment used for earthmoving. The rear part of the scraper has a
vertically moveable hopper with a sharp horizontal front edge which can be
raised or lowered. The front edge cuts into the soil, like a carpenter's plane
cutting wood, and fills the hopper. When the hopper is full it is raised,
closed, and the scraper can transport its load to the fill area where it is
dumped.

4. TYPES OF SCRAPERS
 Single-Engine Wheeled Scrapers
 Dual-Engine Wheeled Scrapers
 Elevating Scrapers
 Pull-Type Scrapers

5. SINGLE-ENGINE WHEELED SCRAPERS
The single-engine wheeled scraper is perhaps the most common type of scraper. It consists of a bowl, an apron
that is drops over a load of earth for transport, and an ejector that relies on hydraulics to get rid of a load once you
have successfully moved it. With hydraulics, each separate function can operate separately, as well, making these
exceptionally versatile machines.

6. DUAL-ENGINE WHEELED SCRAPERS
Dual-engine wheeled scrapers are another great option if you are hauling earth for a short distance.
This type of scraper has two engines, with one controlling the front wheels and the other powering
the rear. This style of scraper is also highly effective for short hauls and narrow cut-and-fill areas on
job sites.

7. ELEVATING SCRAPERS
An elevating scraper uses an elevator that is either hydraulically or electrically driven. This elevator loads
materials into a raised bowl that can then dump out a load by sliding the bowl’s floor backwards, with the
elevator capable of being reversed to help evenly and completely finish an offload.

8. PULL-TYPE SCRAPERS
Pull-type scrapers are not motorized at all. Instead, these are towed behind other machines on site, but offer
the advantage of being more capable of operating in wet, soft and sandy conditions. By not having its own
driving capabilities, this can also make it easier to keep from getting stuck in messy terrain, which means the
pull-type can be quite useful in rainy climates and springtime weather.

9. OPERATING RANGE
The optimum haul distance for the small- and medium-size scrapers is 300
to 3,000 feet. There are larger scrapers that are effective up to 5,000 feet.
SELECTION
A scraper is a compromise between a machine designed exclusively for
either loading or hauling. For medium-distance movement of material, a
scraper is better than a dozer because of its travel-speed advantage and it is
better than a truck because of its fast load time, typically less than a minute.
Another advantage of the scraper is that it can spread its own load and
quickly complete the dump cycle.

10. USES
When the hopper is full it is raised, and closed
with a vertical blade (other name : apron).
The scraper can carriage its load to the fill area
where the blade is raised, the back panel of the
hopper, or the ejector, is hydraulically pushed
forward and the load tumbles out. Then
the empty scraper returns to the cut site and
repeats the c

11. FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHILE SELECTING THE BEST
EARTHMOVING SYSTEM….
it is hard to define or use one optimal earthmoving system for all earth engineering tasks. Each system has its
own set of functions.
These factors are :-
• Material Type
• Flexibility and Versatility
• Hauling Distance
• Cut
• Condition of Towing Roads
• Wrapping Up