Sunlight enters a greenhouse, where heat is held in. The GHG emissions describe similar planetary-scale phenomena; however, certain gases steadily increase the earth's temperature rather than the greenhouse glass.

2. Sunlight enters a greenhouse, where heat is held in. The GHG emissions describe
similar planetary-scale phenomena; however, certain gases steadily increase the
earth's temperature rather than the greenhouse glass.
Less than half of the energy from the sun is absorbed by the Earth's surface, 23% is
absorbed by the atmosphere, and the remaining energy is bounced back into space.
The equilibrium between inbound and outbound energy is maintained by natural
processes, which also maintain the planet's constant temperature.
But because of human activity, the production of so-called greenhouse gases (GHGs)
is rising, which, in contrast to other atmospheric gases like oxygen and nitrogen, are
stuck in the atmosphere and are unable to leave the planet. This energy comes back
to the surface and is reabsorbed there. Surface temperatures rise because the earth
receives more energy than it expels until a new equilibrium is reached.

3. This temperature rise has negative long-term impacts on the climate and has an impact on many
different environmental systems. Changes in the frequency of extreme weather events, such as
storms, flooding, droughts, and wildfires, which affect many people and result in trillion-dollar
economic damages, are among the effects.
Mark Radka, Director of the UN Environment Programmer’s (UNEP) Energy and Climate Branch,
asserts that GHG emissions brought on by humans’ damage both human and environmental
health. "And without significant climate action, the effects will extend further and worsen.“
The newest UNEP Emissions Gap Report indicates a rebound and predicts a catastrophic global
temperature increase of at least 2.7 degrees in the above century in greenhouse gas data, except if
countries make far greater global emissions. GHG emissions are crucial to assessing and resolving
the climate crisis, notwithstanding the preliminary dip due to COVID-19.
According to the report, if we want to keep global warming below 1.5°C compared to the pre values
by the end of the 21st century, GHG emissions must be cut in half by 2030.

4. The largest single source of the greenhouse effect is water vapor. However,
all of the atmospheric water vapor is a result of natural processes.
The main GHGs to be concerned about are nitrous oxide (NOx), methane,
and carbon dioxide (CO2). Nitrous oxide lingers in the air for about 120
years, methane for about ten years, and CO2 for 1,000 years.
Methane is eighty times more powerful than CO2 in warming the planet
when measured over 20 years, whereas nitrous oxide is 280 times more
effective.

5. Many regions of the world continue to be powered by oil, coal, and natural gas. These fuels
mostly consist of carbon; when burned to produce heat, electricity, or power transportation, they
release carbon dioxide (CO2).
More than half (55%) of human methane emissions are related to the extraction of oil and gas,
mining activities, and waste landfills. Cows, sheep, and other ruminants that digest food in the
stomachs are to blame for about 32% of methane emissions resulting from other agricultural gas
sources, such as the decomposition of manure and rice farming. Agriculture practices are the
main source of nitrous oxide emissions caused by oxide produced naturally by bacteria from soil
and water, but fertilizer use and runoff accelerate this process by introducing additional
nitrogen into the ecosystem.
GHG emissions that do not naturally occur include fluorinated gases like sulfur hexafluoride,
hydrofluorocarbons, and perfluorocarbons. Hydrofluorocarbons are refrigerants used as
substitutes for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were phased out due to the Montreal Protocol
because they damaged the ozone layer in greenhouse gas data. The others are used for business
and industry. Fluorinated gases are potent even though they are much less common than other
GHGs and therefore do not destroy the ozone layer as CFCs do. Some fluorinated gases have a
global warming potential of up to 16,300 times larger than CO2 for 20 years.

6. The use of renewable energy, pricing carbon, and the phase-out of coal are all crucial steps in lowering
GHG emissions. In the end, more aggressive emission-reduction goals are required to maintain long-
term human health and the environment.
Mr. Radka said, "We need to implement robust policies that support the increased objectives." "We can't
keep going in the same direction and expect better outcomes. The time for action is now.
To cut methane emissions there in the fuel, agricultural, and waste sectors by 30% by 2030, over one
hundred nations have signed the Global Methane Pledge, which the United States and European Union
announced during COP26.
Despite the difficulties, there are many reasons to be optimistic. Policies were put in place from 2010 to
2021 to reduce annual emissions to eleven gigatons through 2030 compared to what would have
happened otherwise. People can also participate in the UN's #ActNow campaign for suggestions on how
to do climate-friendly actions.
Everyone can contribute to the issue and affect change by making decisions that have less of a negative
impact on the environment. One method to increase the effect and bring about change on a much
larger scale is speaking up.

7. The maximum lifespan in the atmosphere for each of these gases varies and can
range from a few years to thousands of years. Regardless of the source of the
emissions, the amount of these gases observed in the atmosphere is everywhere
since they all remain in the atmosphere long enough to become well mixed.

8. The Global Methane Pledge, introduced by the European Union and the United States during
COP26, has been endorsed by over 100 countries and aims to reduce methane emissions inside
the fuel, agricultural, or waste sectors by 30% by 2030.
UNEP has suggested its six-sector strategy, which may reduce 29-32 megatons of carbon dioxide
by 2030, to keep within the 1.5°C warming limit. In addition, UNEP publishes a "Climate Note"
online that utilizes 1990 as a benchmark to depict how the climate has changed since then.
There are many causes for optimism despite the challenges. By 2030, policies put into place
between 2010 and 2021 will prevent around 11 megatons of emissions from occurring annually.
Through its numerous international environmental accords and reports, UNEP facilitates efficient
environmental action and raises awareness of the issue. The United Nations Environment Program
(UNEP) will continue to work closely about greenhouse gas data with its 193 Member States and
other stakeholders to set the environmental agenda and support a major reduction in GHG
emissions.