This document discusses the importance of infection prevention and control, with a focus on hand hygiene. It outlines the standard precautions for infection control, including hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, proper use of personal protective equipment, cleaning and disinfection of the environment and equipment. Special emphasis is placed on hand hygiene, noting that hands are the main way germs are transmitted in healthcare settings. It discusses when hand hygiene should be practiced, such as before and after contact with patients, equipment, or the patient environment. It also addresses how to properly perform hand washing and hand rubbing.

1. INFECTION PREVENTION &
CONTROL

2. BENEFITS OF INFECTION PREVENTION
& CONTROL

3. Elements of Standard Precautions
• Hand hygiene
• Respiratory hygiene
• PPE as per risk
• PPE donning and doffing
• Environment cleaning & disinfection
• Safe handling and cleaning of soiled
linen/patient cloth
• Waste management

4. Why do we need steps of hand
hygiene?
• Hands are the main pathways of germ
transmission during health care.
• Hand hygiene is therefore the most important
measure to avoid the transmission of harmful
germs and prevent health care-associated
infections.

5. WHY is hand hygiene required?

6. Why do we need steps of hand
hygiene?

7. WHEN do we need to practice hand
hygiene?
• Any health-care worker, caregiver or person
involved in direct or indirect patient care
needs to be concerned about hand hygiene
and should be able to perform it correctly and
at the right time.

8. WHEN do we need to practice hand
hygiene?

10. WHICH: Hand wash or hand rub?
• Time required (for hand wash 40-60 secs vs. for
hand rub ~20 secs)
• After hand wash- Need towels to wipe.
• Location of washbasin- not at point of care.
• WHO recommends-for all clinical situations,
preferred use of hand rub if available, except
when hands are soiled (Do Hand wash).

11. Hand wash recommendations:
Hand wash is a must-
• After Using PPE
• After taking off the gloves
• When hands are visibly contaminated with
blood/body fluids
• Patients with Clostridium difficile or enteroviral
diarrhea
• After using the toilet
• Before and after eating

12. Steps of hand rub/ hand wash

13. When is hand hygiene a must?
Before
• Touching any devices/equipment attached to patient
• Indwelling catheter
• Any other drain
• Ventilation equipment
• Drawing a specimen/placing IV line
After
• All above activities
• After touching door/ almirah handles
• Handling patient chart/monitor
• Touching own nose/mouth/hair

14. Respiratory hygiene
Avoid patient care areas if you have a respiratory infection. Stay home if possible.
Wear a mask during hospital visits.

20. Environment & equipment surfaces to
be cleaned and disinfected daily

21. Cleaning of small equipments

22. High-touch surfaces

23. Low-touch surfaces

25. OT at Trauma emergency

31. Mopping Floors using Wet Mop and
Bucket

32. Mopping Floors using Wet Mop and
Bucket

33. Figure of eight stroke technique for
mopping

34. Triple bucket system

35. Mopping Floors using Wet Mop and
Bucket

36. Triple bucket system

37. Laundring patient clothes

39. THANK
YOU!