Due: December 10 This research will be on the company Apple that obtains two years of information. It must be large enough for you to be able to obtain information and be publicly traded. Minimum of 9 pages. The report should make complete use of computer software using graphs, etc. Make sure you label each part section 10 points) Part 1 1. Industry Situation and Company Plans & Comparison – a. Describe the industry and its outlook; then summarize the company’s future plans based on your research and on reading the annual report. b. Include a market summary, past, present and future. Review the changes in the market share, leadership, players, shifts, costs pricing or competition that provide the opportunity for your company’s success. c. Opportunities and Problems – State consumer problems and define the nature of product/service opportunities created by those problems. d. Competition – Summarize the competition and outline the company’s competitive advantage. e. Goals and Objectives – what are the five year goals, and state the measurable objectives, market share objectives and the revenue/profit objectives. f. Resource Requirements – Technology, personnel, resource (financial, distribution, promotion, etc) and external requirements (e.g. products/services/technology required to be purchased outside the company). g. Risks and Rewards – summarize risks and rewards of proposed future projects, what would the expected payoff be? h. Key Issues – Isolate key decisions and issues that need immediate or near-term resolution. Identify issues that need long-term resolution and state the consequences of decision postponement. If they are seeking funding, what are the specifics of that funding? PART 2 (25 points) 2. Financial Statement Analysis (Two year comparison) a. Income Statement – Determine the gross profit, income from operations, and net income for the last two years; comment on the increases or decreases in these accounts. What is their main source of income, expenses, etc? b. Balance Sheet – Describe the types of accounts that make up the balance sheet and how they have changed. Discuss the equity accounts. What types of stock are issued, how many shares do they have available to sell, what types of dividends they have paid, etc. c. Statement of Cash Flows: Are the cash flows from operations more or less than net income for the past two years? Is the company expanding through investing activities? What is the company’s most important source of financing? Overall has cash increased or decreased over the past two years? d. Financial Plan – Define the financial plan, pricing assumptions and the expected sales and profits for the next three years 3. Accounting Policies Comparison What are the significant accounting policies, if any, relating to revenue recognition, cash short term investments, inventories, property and equipment, depreciation methods, etc? Again this is the short list, I expect much more. 4. Ra ...

1. Due: December 10
This research will be on the company Apple that obtains two
years of information. It must be large enough for you to be able
to obtain information and be publicly traded. Minimum of 9
pages. The report should make complete use of computer
software using graphs, etc. Make sure you label each part
section
10 points) Part 1
1. Industry Situation and Company Plans & Comparison –
a. Describe the industry and its outlook; then summarize the
company’s future plans based on your research and on reading
the annual report.
b. Include a market summary, past, present and future. Review
the changes in the market share, leadership, players, shifts,
costs pricing or competition that provide the opportunity for
your company’s success.
c. Opportunities and Problems – State consumer problems and
define the nature of product/service opportunities created by
those problems.
d. Competition – Summarize the competition and outline the
company’s competitive advantage.
e. Goals and Objectives – what are the five year goals, and state
the measurable objectives, market share objectives and the
revenue/profit objectives.
f. Resource Requirements – Technology, personnel, resource
(financial, distribution, promotion, etc) and external
requirements (e.g. products/services/technology required to be
purchased outside the company).
g. Risks and Rewards – summarize risks and rewards of

2. proposed future projects, what would the expected payoff be?
h. Key Issues – Isolate key decisions and issues that need
immediate or near-term resolution. Identify issues that need
long-term resolution and state the consequences of decision
postponement. If they are seeking funding, what are the
specifics of that funding?
PART 2
(25 points)
2. Financial Statement Analysis (Two year comparison)
a. Income Statement – Determine the gross profit, income from
operations, and net income for the last two years; comment on
the increases or decreases in these accounts. What is their main
source of income, expenses, etc?
b. Balance Sheet – Describe the types of accounts that make up
the balance sheet and how they have changed. Discuss the
equity accounts. What types of stock are issued, how many
shares do they have available to sell, what types of dividends
they have paid, etc.
c. Statement of Cash Flows: Are the cash flows from operations
more or less than net income for the past two years? Is the
company expanding through investing activities? What is the
company’s most important source of financing? Overall has
cash increased or decreased over the past two years?
d. Financial Plan – Define the financial plan, pricing
assumptions and the expected sales and profits for the next
three years
3. Accounting Policies Comparison
What are the significant accounting policies, if any, relating to
revenue recognition, cash short term investments, inventories,
property and equipment, depreciation methods, etc? Again this
is the short list, I expect much more.
4. Ratio Analysis
I expect significant analysis of each company’s financial
position using the ratios that are included in chapter 5. Some
company’s will include them in their reports but they will not

3. use all of them. Tell me what the ratio signifies.
Part 3
(15 points)
5. Stock
Review any one month in 2018 and compare the stock prices for
that same month in 2017. What has changed and why? Include
this information in the paper.
6. Events
a. What political, social etc. issues have affected your
company? The economy, foreign competition, unemployment,
etc. Please include a significant discussion on the effect that
this is having on your company.
b. Find some ethical issues your company has dealt with. These
could be environmental, financial or whatever. It could be
something as simple as the way they record their depreciation or
inventory. Did they change how they were recording things; did
they amend quarterly projections because the world was
watching?
7. Executive Conclusion
Summarize all the aspects of the project. What would you
conclude, suggest, etc to the company for improvement the
company, etc.
8. Cite your sources; Give credit to your sources either through
works cited or footnotes.
University of North AmericaFinal Exam: TECH 540 – Database
Management Systems – Fall 2021
Student name:
Part 1: Selection and Yes/No questions (75%, 3 points for each
question)
1. A collection of facts and figures is known to be as:
A. Data

4. B. Database
C. Sequenced data
D. Structured data
2. Logical structure of the database can be depicted through its
A. Domain
B. Data model
C. Architecture
D. Schemas
3. A database architecture that is considered highly modifiable
is known as
A. ER database architecture
B. Object based architecture
C. 1 tier architecture
D. Multi-tier architecture
4. A tier in which the database resides along with the query
processing languages is called
A. Application tier
B. Data tier
C. Presentation tier
D. Model tier
5. Type data abstraction which allows the conceptual
representation of data in database management system is
considered as
A. logical design model
B. data model
C. interface model
D. user friendly model
6. Identification, aggregation and instantiation are abstraction
concepts used in
A. intension and extension models
B. classes and nodes models

5. C. concrete models
D. semantic data models
7. Process of abstraction in which the objects and classes are
identified with some kind of identifier is classified as
A. classification
B. instantiation
C. identification
D. exception abstract
8. Application server in a three-tier architecture, communicates
with a database system to access
A. Data
B. Query
C. Compiler
D. Retrieval
9. Business logic of the application says what actions to carry
out under what conditions, is embedded in
A. Multiple servers
B. Multiple clients
C. Transaction server
D. Application server
10. Term that says what actions to carry out under what
conditions, is known as the
A. Data logic
B. Business logic
C. Computing logic
D. File logic
11. Application resides at the client machine and invokes
database system functionality at the server machine through
query statement, is the type known as
A. One-tier architecture
B. Two-tier architecture

6. C. Three-tier architecture
D. NO-tier architecture
12. In the data model, the inherent constraints are classified as
A. flat constraints
B. parallel constraints
C. explicit constraints
D. implicit constraints
13. Type of constraint in which value of each attribute (X)
must be an indivisible value from domain (X) is classified as
A. explicit constraint
B. implicit constraint
C. domain constraint
D. range constraint
14. In the data model schemas, the constraints that are
expressed directly are classified as
A. explicit constraints
B. implicit constraints
C. flat constraints
D. parallel constraints
15. Constraint which is used to specify the consistency in two
or more relations among tuples is classified as
A. primary integrity constraint
B. entity integrity constraint
C. referential integrity constraint
D. null integrity constraint
16. Database user assigns entities to a given entity set, in the
type of generalization's constraints
A. Data-defined
B. User-defined
C. System-defined
D. Condition-defined

7. 17. By default, the generalization type applied is
A. Dependent specialization
B. Partial specialization
C. Complete specialization
D. Total specialization
18. An abstraction through which relationships are treated as
higher-level entities, is known as
A. Aggregation
B. Tabulation
C. Simulation
D. Patriotization
19. the user-defined constraints on generalization, the lower
level entity sets can be of type
A. 2 types
B. 3 types
C. 4 types
D. 5 types
20. Like attribute inheritance, the inheritance that applies
through all tiers of lower-level entity sets, is known to be
A. Participation inheritance
B. Execution inheritance
C. Existence inheritance
D. Dependency inheritance
21. In database management systems, the record which contains
all the data regarding tuples of database is called
A. statement record
B. environment record
C. description record
D. connection record
22. Type of iterator which is used to list the types of attributes
that are included in the query result is called

8. A. positional iterator
B. named iterator
C. unnamed iterator
D. non-positioned iterator
23. Variable in DBMS used to communicate error conditions
between database management system and program are
A. SQLCODE
B. SQLSECTION
C. SQLSTATE
D. both b and c
24. In database management system, if the cursor is to be
moved to next rows in queries result then the command is
classified as
A. OPEN CURSOR command
B. FETCH command
C. UPDATE command
D. CLOSE CURSOR command
25. General purpose programming languages such as COBOL
and ADA is classified as
A. server language
B. client language
C. host language
D. referential language
Part II. Answer questions (25%)
1. Who is a DBA? What are the responsibilities of a DBA?
(7%)

9. 2. What is a data model? List the types of data model used.
(7%)
3. Please compare Data warehouse from Data Lake.(4%)
4. Please compare SQL from NoSQL database management
system? (7%)