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Prevalence of use of
stimulants among medical
students in Tanta University
Introduction
Stimulants are medically used as a treatment for attention defect
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The prevalence of stimulants used
in treatment of ADHD has increased among adults and children
from 2001 to 2015, according to data collected from 154 million
persons from 14 countries, its absolute increase per year ranged
from 0·0006% to 0·12%
About 20% of college students in US misuse stimulants for
academic purpose11 . Medical students are more vulnerable to
use stimulants than others because they have to stay awake for
long time, prone to more stress, multiple examinations. So they
need to increase their ability to concentrate and focus to improve
their academic accomplishment12 . According to study was done
at university of Babol in Iran about 11% of medical students use
stimulant without medical purpose12 . As medical students in
Tanta university are exposed to much stress. so The
Hypothesis is a high percentage of stimulant use among
students.
Methodology
Study setting : faculty of medicine, Tanta University
Study design : cross-sectional survey study
Study duration : January, February, March 2019
Study subject :
 Study population : medical students
 Target group : medical students at Tanta University
 Sample group : multistage clustered sampling with a size of
357 undergraduate students from grade one to grade 6
Data collection tools
 Data collected by use of
A. Questionnaire sheet
B. Check list
 Sample size is calculated by Raosoft
Statistical analysis
Data collected is organized, tabulated,
Statistically analyzed by using SPSS
software package.
Ethical Consideration
 The study is approved from Tanta
University
 Oral consent is taken
Result
53%
47%
Gender
Female Male
5.9
94.1
MISUSE STIMULANTS USE MEDICALLY OR DON’T USE
STIMULANTS USE
stimulants use
misuse in
prescription
stimulants 5.6%
illict
stimulants(cocaine)
.3%
have prescription
for stimulat
medication 2.4%
don’t take
stimulants 91.7%
Conclusion
 About 5.9% of medical students in Tanta University consume stimulants
non-medically (for academic purpose) about 94.9% of them are using
prescription stimulants as methylphenidate and amphetamine and 5.1%
are using illicit stimulants as cocaine
 Females are using stimulants more than males
 The most common reasons for stimulants use are (to be able to study
longer, to stay awake longer, to concentrate better while studying)
 Percentage of stimulant use in Tanta university isn’t high compared to the
percentage at other universities
References
1. Clark, M. A. Lippincott’s illustrated reviews. Pharmacology. (Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins, 2012).
2. Wise, R. A. Neural mechanisms of the reinforcing action of cocaine. NIDA Res. Monogr. 50, 15–33 (1984).
3. Daly, J. W., Jacobson, K. A. & Ukena, D. Adenosine receptors: development of selective agonists and
antagonists. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 230, 41–63 (1987).
4. Fleckenstein, A. E., Volz, T. J., Riddle, E. L., Gibb, J. W. & Hanson, G. R. New insights into the
mechanism of action of amphetamines. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 47, 681–98 (2007).
5. Raman, S. R. et al. Trends in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication use: a retrospective
observational study using population-based databases. The Lancet Psychiatry 5, 824–835 (2018).
6. Treatment for Stimulant Use Disorders (1999).
7. Harro, J. Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effects of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine. Int. Rev. Neurobiol.
120, 179–204 (2015).
8. Davidson, C. Developing Treatments for Stimulant Abuse: A Brief Overview. East Asian Arch. Psychiatry
26, 52–9 (2016).
9. WHO. Other psychoactive substances. Management of substance abuse (2016). Available at:
https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/facts/psychoactives/en/. (Accessed: 28th January 2019)
10. Arria, A. M. & DuPont, R. L. Nonmedical prescription stimulant use among college students: why we
need to do something and what we need to do. J. Addict. Dis. 29, 417–26 (2010).
11. Kennedy, S. Raising Awareness About Prescription and Stimulant Abuse in College Students Through On-
Campus Community Involvement Projects. J. Undergrad. Neurosci. Educ. 17, A50–A53 (2018).
12. Fallah, G., Moudi, S., Hamidia, A. & Bijani, A. Stimulant use in medical students and residents requires
more careful attention. Casp. J. Intern. Med. 9, 87–91 (2018).
Thank you

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Using of stimulants

  • 2. Prevalence of use of stimulants among medical students in Tanta University
  • 3. Introduction Stimulants are medically used as a treatment for attention defect hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The prevalence of stimulants used in treatment of ADHD has increased among adults and children from 2001 to 2015, according to data collected from 154 million persons from 14 countries, its absolute increase per year ranged from 0·0006% to 0·12%
  • 4. About 20% of college students in US misuse stimulants for academic purpose11 . Medical students are more vulnerable to use stimulants than others because they have to stay awake for long time, prone to more stress, multiple examinations. So they need to increase their ability to concentrate and focus to improve their academic accomplishment12 . According to study was done at university of Babol in Iran about 11% of medical students use stimulant without medical purpose12 . As medical students in Tanta university are exposed to much stress. so The Hypothesis is a high percentage of stimulant use among students.
  • 5. Methodology Study setting : faculty of medicine, Tanta University Study design : cross-sectional survey study Study duration : January, February, March 2019 Study subject :  Study population : medical students  Target group : medical students at Tanta University  Sample group : multistage clustered sampling with a size of 357 undergraduate students from grade one to grade 6
  • 6. Data collection tools  Data collected by use of A. Questionnaire sheet B. Check list  Sample size is calculated by Raosoft Statistical analysis Data collected is organized, tabulated, Statistically analyzed by using SPSS software package. Ethical Consideration  The study is approved from Tanta University  Oral consent is taken
  • 9. 5.9 94.1 MISUSE STIMULANTS USE MEDICALLY OR DON’T USE STIMULANTS USE stimulants use
  • 10. misuse in prescription stimulants 5.6% illict stimulants(cocaine) .3% have prescription for stimulat medication 2.4% don’t take stimulants 91.7%
  • 11. Conclusion  About 5.9% of medical students in Tanta University consume stimulants non-medically (for academic purpose) about 94.9% of them are using prescription stimulants as methylphenidate and amphetamine and 5.1% are using illicit stimulants as cocaine  Females are using stimulants more than males  The most common reasons for stimulants use are (to be able to study longer, to stay awake longer, to concentrate better while studying)  Percentage of stimulant use in Tanta university isn’t high compared to the percentage at other universities
  • 12. References 1. Clark, M. A. Lippincott’s illustrated reviews. Pharmacology. (Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012). 2. Wise, R. A. Neural mechanisms of the reinforcing action of cocaine. NIDA Res. Monogr. 50, 15–33 (1984). 3. Daly, J. W., Jacobson, K. A. & Ukena, D. Adenosine receptors: development of selective agonists and antagonists. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 230, 41–63 (1987). 4. Fleckenstein, A. E., Volz, T. J., Riddle, E. L., Gibb, J. W. & Hanson, G. R. New insights into the mechanism of action of amphetamines. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 47, 681–98 (2007). 5. Raman, S. R. et al. Trends in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication use: a retrospective observational study using population-based databases. The Lancet Psychiatry 5, 824–835 (2018). 6. Treatment for Stimulant Use Disorders (1999). 7. Harro, J. Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effects of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine. Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 120, 179–204 (2015). 8. Davidson, C. Developing Treatments for Stimulant Abuse: A Brief Overview. East Asian Arch. Psychiatry 26, 52–9 (2016). 9. WHO. Other psychoactive substances. Management of substance abuse (2016). Available at: https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/facts/psychoactives/en/. (Accessed: 28th January 2019) 10. Arria, A. M. & DuPont, R. L. Nonmedical prescription stimulant use among college students: why we need to do something and what we need to do. J. Addict. Dis. 29, 417–26 (2010). 11. Kennedy, S. Raising Awareness About Prescription and Stimulant Abuse in College Students Through On- Campus Community Involvement Projects. J. Undergrad. Neurosci. Educ. 17, A50–A53 (2018). 12. Fallah, G., Moudi, S., Hamidia, A. & Bijani, A. Stimulant use in medical students and residents requires more careful attention. Casp. J. Intern. Med. 9, 87–91 (2018).