Myocardial infarction, or heart attack, is a leading cause of death in the United States, with about one million people experiencing an MI each year. The risk of death from a STEMI, a type of heart attack, is around 10% in developed countries. An MI occurs when a plaque in the coronary arteries ruptures, blocking blood flow. Chest pain is the most common symptom of a heart attack, though it can present atypically in some groups. Signs of a heart attack include changes in vital signs, heart sounds, and ECG findings. The immediate treatment for a suspected heart attack includes oxygen, nitrates, aspirin, and morphine to relieve pain and open blood vessels.
2. Why we should know about ???
• Leading cause of death in USA ( 30% of
all deaths)
• About one million people have an MI
each year in the United States.
• In the developed world, the risk of death
in those who have had an STEMI is about
10%
5. Chest Pain
Atypical Chest Pain Typical Chest pain
Women
Elderly
Diabetic and• Crushing
Left chest
Radiate to left
back
Diaphoresis
•
•
•
Fatique, nausea,
epigastric pain,
palpatations, chest
•
arm, jaw,
wall
pain, total body dolor
Chest pain absent in 18%
of MIs
Account for 40-50% of
cases
•
•
•
Presentation
6.
7. Signs of MI
• Vitals
• Tachycardia, Bradycardia
• Cardiac Exam
• New S3 or S4
• New Murmur
(RCA) , hypertension, hypotension
• Papillary muscle dysfunction
• Wall rupture
• Pulmonary crackles
• New friction Rub
