The document contains questions about expert systems, artificial intelligence, computer vision, robots, and inference engines. Specifically, it asks about: - The parts of a rule matched in forward chaining - The purpose of the PROSPECTOR expert system and chaining method used - Types of robots and their characteristics - Defining artificial intelligence and its goals in computer vision - The purpose of inference engines and several other expert systems like MYCIN and R1/XCON - The difference between antecedents and consequents in rules - Image acquisition in image processing - Applying forward and backward chaining to reasoning problems - Differences between rule-based expert systems and conventional programs

1. Q.1: questions. [2 Marks]
a. Whichpart of the rule will be matchedagainstthe workingmemoryincase of forwardchaining?
b. What is the purpose of prospector expert systemand which method of chaining is used
with prospector?
c. Write down different types of robots.
d. Define Artificial Intelligence.
e. What is the main purpose and goals of computer vision?
f. What is the purpose of R1/XCON expert System?
g. What is the antecedent and consequent of a rule?
h. Define the term image acquisition in image processing.
i. What is the rule of inference engine in an expert system?
j. What is the purpose of MYCIN expert System?
k. What is the purpose of prospector expert systemand which method of chaining is used
with prospector?
l. What are characteristics of a robot?
m. Write down application areas of computer vision.
n. What is the main purpose of expert system?
o.
p.
Q.2 questions. [4 Marks]
a. Explain the inference engine, User Interface and Database in expert system.
b. Considerthe decision-makingsituationdefinedbythe followingrules:
1. Use forward chaining where the working memory contains the fact: It isnot a nice
day and it iswinter. Show your answer in a table naming the rules matching the

2. current working memory (conflict set), which rule you apply, and how the working
memory contents changes on the next cycle after a rule has fired:
2. What needstohappenforyou to “learnsomething”inthisknowledge universe?Startwith
the conclusion“learnsomething”and identifythe rulesused(backward) togettothe
neededfacts.
3. Use forward chaining to reason about the weather if the working memory contains
the fact: It is a nice day and it is summer. Show your answer in a table naming the
rules matching the current working memory (conflict set), which rule you apply, and
how the working memory contents changes on the next cycle after a rule has fired:
c. Explain the following questions
1. What isthe maindifference betweenconventional computerprogramsandproduction
systems(rule–basedsystems)?
2. Describe characteristicsof problemsinwhichitisbettertouse rule–basedexpertsystems
or problemswhere the case–basedsystemsare more appropriate.
3. Explain the following sentences.
1. Finding an optimal solution among a set of solutions demonstrates intelligence.
2. The ability to think, plan and schedule demonstrate intelligence.
4. Explain the difference between forward chaining and backward chaining and the
situations where each one is more appropriate with a proper example.
5.