All

Discover Central Texas the way a TRUE paddler
should! Explore the lakes and rivers of Central
Texas and what they have to offer.
• Difficulty level
• Topography
• Camping sites
• Rapids
• Parking
• and More!

The Paddling Atlas
of
Central Texas
Adailin L Bengochea • Ryan Zucker • Sean Burns

GEO 4411/5417
SPRING 2016
Dr. Alberto Giordano

5
Atlas Content
Introduction 8 - 10
Key to Map Symbols 11
Texas River Laws 11 - 14
Blanco River 15 - 20
Map 17 - 18
Temperatures 19
Endangered Species
& Fishing 20
Colorado River 21 - 26
Map 23 - 24
Temperatures 25
Endangered Species
& Fishing 26
Comal River 27 - 32
Map 29 - 30
Temperatures 31
Endangered Species
& Fishing 32
Guadalupe River 33 - 40
Lower Guadalupe River
Map 35 - 36
Upper Guadalupe River
Map 37 - 38
Temperatures 39
Endangered Species
& Fishing 40
Medina River 41 -46
Map 43 - 44
Temperatures 45
Endangered Species
& Fishing 46
Pedernales River 47 - 52
Map 49 - 50
Tempartures 51
Endangered Species
& Fishing 52

6
Atlas Content
San Antonio River 53 - 58
Map 55 - 56
Temperatures 57
Endangered Species
& Fishing 58
San Gabriel River 59 - 64
Map 61 - 62
Temperatures 63
Endangered Species
& Fishing 64
San Marcos River 65 - 70
Map 67 - 68
Temperatures 69
Endangered Species
& Fishing 70
Footnotes 71 - 72
Acknowledgement 73 - 74
Credits 75 - 78

7
Introduction
The Paddling Atlas of Central Texas is designed to cover nine rivers* in Central Texas:
the Blanco, the Colorado, the Comal, the Guadalupe (Upper and Lower), the Medina, the
Pedernales, the San Antonio, and the San Marcos River (see Fig. 1). We have mapped out
everything a person would need to know when kayaking, canoeing, or paddle boarding
these rivers. Each map addresses all the physical aspects of the rivers and surrounding
areas, while other useful information is presented in tables, charts, and/or text.
This atlas includes maps for the selected ten rivers. Each map shows entry and exit points
in and out of the rivers as well as public boat ramps (if information is available). The maps
will illustrate public parking areas for paddlers who commute to these locations since
parking is often not obvious to tourists.
Because much of the land along the ten rivers is privately owned or is part of state and/or
city parks we will be indicating which plots of land are private and public. We also include
dam locations in the selected rivers; knowing dam locations are important to paddlers for
safety reasons and planning strategies.
Each map shows the location of rapids and their level of difficulty; this information is
vital to paddlers for their safety. Big rapids that should not be paddled through, unless
the paddler is trained and experienced, so they will be differentiated from smaller rapids
which can be paddled through.
* Note: Only popular sections of the

8
We also show points of interests, including public restrooms, camping sites, historical
markers and notes.
Data that cannot be mapped are presenterd in charts, tables, text, and/or diagrams. This
information includes monthly stream flow averages which can inform the reader which
months have the most flow and the lowest flow, or even if the river runs dry. Monthly
gauge height averages are presented in order to give the reader insight on river depth and
flow information. Monthly rainfall averages are documented to supplement stream flow
data and gage height data.
Monthly water temperatures and air temperatures will are presented in tables in order to
prepare the reader as well as enable them to plan for an ideal paddling experience.
Wildlife information is also presented in order to educate our audience and ensure the
safety of our readers and that of wildlife. Endangered species found in each section of the
river are presented in text and illustrations.
Fishing information is provided for our angler audience. Water laws and trespassing laws
are also noted.
Finally, rental locations will be noted for readers who wish to rent canoes, kayaks, and/or
paddle boards.
Introduction
selected rivers will be mapped.

9
Introduction
Figure 2: State of Texas with River Locations selected by
county.
Figure 1: State of Texas with River Locations selected by
county.

10
Key to Map Symbols
Access Point
River Access and Entry Points
Public Restroom
Parking
Picnic
Dam
Rapids (High Difficulty)
Parks
Points of Interest
Rapids (Medium Difficulty)
River
Minor Roads
Fishing Locations
USGS Gage Location
Major Roads
Rapids (Low Difficulty)
Camping
Rental Locations

11
Texas River Laws
A list of Questions and Answers addressed by the Texas Parks
and Wildlife Department concerning River Laws will now be
provided. This information is vital to paddlers in case of any
legal confrontations. Please read the following in order to gain
basic concepts of Texas River Laws and Guidelines.
Q: What is considered a public stream?
A: In Texas a stream is public if it is “navigable in fact,”or”
navigable by statute.” There is no precise test for whether a
stream is navigable in fact. The term is based on the idea of
public utility. One court has observed that “[w]aters, which in
their natural state are useful to the public for a considerable
portion of the year are navigable.”1
A stream is navigable by statute if it retains an average width of
30 feet from the mouth up.2 It is important to understand that
the entire stream bed is to be included in the width, not just
the area covered by water on a given day. A navigable stream
may be dry part of the year, but does not lose its character as a
navigable stream.
To complicate matters, some Texas land titles originated with
Spanish or Mexican land grants, and the law of Spain and
Mexico did not distinguish public and private streams on the
basis of navigability. Streams were valued primarily as a source
of water for household use and for irrigation, rather than a
way to move people and goods. So when the sovereign granted
land, perennial streams were retained for public use, regardless

of navigability, so as to make as much land as possible
capable of settlement.3 A stream is perennial if it flows most
or all of the year. In determining the rights of holders of title
under Mexican grants, the laws of Mexico in effect when the
grants were made control.4 So in counties that contain
Spanish or Mexican land grants, there are an unknown number
of perennial streams which are public streams, even though
they may not be navigable.
Q: How do I determine the boundary of a streambed?
A: The Texas Supreme Court has stated that the bed of a stream
is “that portion of its soil which is alternately covered and left
bare as there may be an increase or diminution in the supply
of water, and which is adequate to contain it at its average and
mean stage during an entire year, without reference to the extra
freshets of the winter or spring or the extreme drouths of the
summer or autumn.5” Not clear? Again, the Texas
Supreme Court: The streambed is that land between the
“gradient boundary” on each bank. The gradient boundary is
defined as “a gradient of the flowing water in the stream, and
is located midway between the lower level of the flowing water
that just reaches the cut bank and the higher level of it that just
does not overtop the cut bank.6” Clear as mud? Blame it on
those civil judges.
Q: What if the stream is dry?
A: A navigable stream does not lose its public character during

12
Texas River Laws
periods of low water. A stream is navigable if the bed of the
stream averages 30 feet wide from the mouth up, regardless of
the actual water level on a given day.
Q: What is a public lake?
A: The typical public lake in Texas was created by building
a dam on a navigable stream. When a navigable stream is
dammed, the resulting lake is a public lake, and the public may
boat and fish on all of the lake’s waters, not just that part
directly above the streambed. Therefore, a property owner may
not fence off any portion of such a lake.7 For other lakes, the
test is whether the lake is navigable. Typically, the small
natural lakes in Texas are held to be non-navigable, and
therefore subject to private ownership and control. Manmade
stock tanks and flood control ponds are usually
non-navigable as well. The public has no right to boat, fish, or
hunt in or on the waters of private lakes,8 and hunting or
fishing without landowner consent is a crime.9 In order to
encourage outdoor recreation, the legislature has limited the
liability of landowners who allow the public to use their
property for recreational purposes.10
Q: But doesn’t the state own the waters of ALL lakes and
flowing streams, plus the fish that live there?
A: Yes, the state does own the water of every lake and natural
stream, and the fish that live there.11 But that does not give the
public the right to fish or boat in private lakes or streams.12
Q: Some landowners in my county have deeds to the
riverbed. Can they exclude the public from their part of
the river?
A: Not if the river is navigable. The policy of the government of
Texas, expressed in statute since the days of the Republic, has
been to retain the beds of navigable streams as public
property.13 However, the state surveyors did not always adhere
to this law, and some land grants purported to include the beds
of navigable streams. To remedy this situation, in a 1929 law
known as the Small Bill, the state relinquished to the adjoining
landowners certain property rights in the beds of some
navigable streams. However, this statute declared that it did not
impair the rights of the general public and the state in the
waters of the streams.14 So even if a landowner’s deed includes
the bed of a navigable stream, and taxes are being paid on the
bed, the public retains its right to use it as a navigable stream.
It is a fairly common myth that a person boating along a “Small
Bill” stream may not set foot on the streambed if the landowner
forbids it. This is based on the notion that a person who steps
into the streambed has entered onto private property within
the meaning of the criminal trespass law.15 This may have some
applicability when the waters of a stream leave its banks and a
boater navigates out of the streambed and steps onto the
adjacent private lands, or on coastal land when tide waters
cover private property. But the general public has the right to
walk within the boundaries of any navigable streambed, even if
there are private ownership rights under the Small Bill.16

13
Texas River Laws
Q: What is it legal to do in a public lake/stream?
A: Texas courts have recognized that a member of the public
may engage in a variety of activities in, on, and along a public
lake or stream. Besides boating, persons may swim, float, walk,
wade, picnic, camp, and (with a license) fish.17 These activities
must be confined to the waters of the lake or stream and the
streambed. The public does not have the right to cross private
property to get to or from public water.18 In fact, that can
constitute criminal trespass, if the other elements of the offense
are present. With some exceptions, driving a motor vehicle in
the bed of a navigable stream is prohibited, other than the
Canadian River and the Prairie Dog Town Fork of Red River.19
Q: May a boater on a navigable stream lawfully go onto
private land to check out or portage around an
obstruction or hazard?
A: Navigable streams will sometimes have obstructions or
hazards such as dams or log jams. For safety’s sake, a boater
must get out and scout to see if there is a safe route through.
And sometimes it is necessary to portage the hazard or
obstruction - carry the boat and gear around it on a reasonable,
safe route.24 Navigation of the state’s inland and coastal
waters is one of several “public rights and duties” declared by
the Texas Constitution.25 A right of portage has been
recognized as a necessary part of the right of navigation in
some other states, but there is no clear authority in Texas. The
portage issue implicates the criminal trespass statute, and
possibly the defense of necessity.26
Q: How can I tell whether a stream/lake is public or pri-
vate?
A: Texas courts have the final say over this question, and there
have been several cases recognizing particular streams as
navigable or perennial, and therefore public. But there is no
master list. Somewhere in the courthouse there’s probably a
map showing the original surveys of your county. From this
map you should be able to tell which if any land grants were
made by Spain or Mexico. Within these grants, remember that
all perennial streams are public, regardless of navigability. Also,
if a survey stops at a stream’s bank and does not cross it, this
means the original surveyor believed that the stream was to re-
main public, as a navigable or perennial stream. The reverse is
not true, however, since as mentioned above in many cases the
surveyor failed to stop at the bank of a navigable stream even
though the law directed him to do so. In regards to
statutory navigability, for some streams it may be fairly
straightforward to look in the vicinity of several stream
crossings and estimate whether the streambed averages 30 feet
or more in width. The sheriff, landowners, one of your prede-
cessors, or a local game warden may know whether the body
of water has historically been treated as public or private. You
could also check with prosecutors upstream and
downstream. Sometimes a state agency (like TCEQ, the
General Land Office, or Parks and Wildlife) will have made
some kind of determination of navigability as part of its

14
Texas River Laws
responsibility to administer some law or program. Sometimes
it’s helpful to do a word search in the cases and A.G. opinions
for the name of the stream. Although this is a state issue, the
federal courts occasionally issue an opinion containing helpful
information about a stream, so take a look at the federal cases
too.
Q: Can a marina operator or lakeside landowner keep
boaters away from his docks?
A: Not on public water. If a lake is public water, the public has
the right to boat the entire lake, and to fish from a boat
(subject to regulation by government entities).31 A person who
interferes with a lawful boater may be committing the crime of
obstructing a waterway and/or harassment. Both are Class B
misdemeanors.32 By the same token, a boater who
unreasonably obstructs access to or from a dock or boat slip
may be guilty of obstructing a waterway.
Q: What agency/agencies have regulatory authority over
activities that take place in and on the public streams of
this state?
A: The legislature has retained much of this regulatory
power for itself, and delegated out some functions in a
piecemeal fashion. TCEQ regulates water pollution, the
building of dams, and diversion of water.33 Local river
authorities may own water rights and exercise other specific
powers granted by statute. The General Land Office
regulates crossing easements and mineral development in
public streambeds, and has some authority to remove
unauthorized or dangerous structures from state-owned land.34
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department regulates fishing and
hunting, as well as the removal of sand and gravel from public
streambeds.35 Placement of dredged or fill material into the
waters of the United States is under the jurisdiction of the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers. Construction or other work in the
100-year floodplain may require approval by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, whose authority is usually
delegated to the county or other local Floodplain
Administrator. Local government entities have some authority
to regulate boating on public waters.36
- Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (June 2007)
* See footnotes on pages 71 - 72..

15
Blanco River
The Blanco River rises in northeast Kendall County, then flows
approximately 87 miles southeast through Blanco and Hays
Counties, where it joins the San Marcos River. The upper section
of the Blanco is noted for containing historic Indian mounds
and unusual geologic formations. The lower section passes
between bald cypress-lined banks and through areas of scenic
beauty.
-Texas Parks and Wildlife

18
Blanco River
You can swim, float or paddle
upstream of the dam or wade or
do some horizontal immersing
on the rocks downstream. Be-
low the dam can be a nice low
water area if the locals tend to
their dogs. Above the dam is a
fairly large pool where you can
swim or float around and just
relax.
-Hill Country Outdoor Guide
Five Mile Dam

19
Blanco River
Temperatures for the Blanco River Streamflow Data

20
Blanco River
Fishing in the Blanco River
The Blanco River is located in the Blanco State Park. The
Blanco State Park offers shoreline access along the
river; when fishing from a pier or any man made
structure within the State Park, a limit of two fishing
poles per person is enforced. All paddlers are
welcomed in the Blanco State Park; however, powered
boats are prohibited. Species of fish found on the
Blanco River are:
• Catfish
• Guadalupe bass
• Largemouth bass
• Rainbow Trout
• Sunfish
Endangered Species of the Blanco River
The Blanco River is home to two species of fish wish are
considered rare and potentially in threat of endangerment:
the Headwater Catfish (Ictalurus lupus) and the
Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus treculii). Other
endangered species found in the Blanco County, home
of the Blanco River, are: the Black-capped Vireo (Vireo
atricapilla), the Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga
chrysoparia), the Gray wolf (Canis lupus), the Red wolf
(Canis rufus), and the Whooping Crane (Grus
americana).
Guadalupe Bass, Micropterus treculii
Headwater Catfish, Ictalurus lupus
Photo by: Chad Thomas, TX State University
Photo by: Thomas, Bonner, and Whiteside 2007
Licenses and Restrictions:
A fishing license is not required to fish within the boundaries of a state
park. When fishing from a pier or other man-made structure within a
state park, there is a limit of two fishing poles per person.
-TPWD

21
Colorado River
The Colorado River has its beginning in Dawson County in West
Texas. Flowing about 600 miles southeast to Matagorda Bay on
the Gulf, the Colorado passes through a rolling prairie terrain
until it reaches the rugged Hill Country in San Saba County.
Here, the river flows through beautiful canyons until it issues
from the Balcones Escarpment of Austin. Below Austin, the
Colorado becomes a slow meandering river.

23
Colorado River
Colorado
Austin
Colorado

24
Colorado River
Barton Springs Pool
Red Bud Isle
River
River

25
Colorado River
Temperatures for the Colorado River Streamflow Data

26
Colorado River
Fishing in the Colorado River
Our section of the Colorado River is located in Travis
County. Anglers can enjoy a peaceful fishing experience
in an uncrowded environment. The River offers miles
of fresh underutilized water perfect for paddlers and
anglers. Species of fish found on the Colorado River
are:
• Channel catfish
• Crappie
• Guadalupe bass
• Largemouth bass
• Sunfish
Endangered Species of the Colorado River
Currently in the Colorado River there is one species in
the Endangered Species List: the Smalleye shiner (
Notropis buccula). The Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus tre-
culii) is listed as a rare species close to becoming en-
dangered. Other endangered species found in Travis
County, where our section of the river resides, are: the
Austin blind salamander (Eurycea waterlooensis), the
Barton Springs salamander (Eurycea sosorum), the Black-
capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla), the Golden-cheeked
Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia), the Red Wolf (Canis
rufus), and the Whooping Crane (Grus americana).
Smalleye shiner, Notropis buccula
When to fish
Fishing can be good year-round, but the river is uncooperative during the
chilly winter months. At other times of the year, gamefish are abundant in
shady areas under tree limbs or next to brush piles.
What to use
For best results, use a fly rod or light spinning tackle with 6- or 8-pound
test line. Catfish cannot resist earthworms or grasshoppers, and plastic
versions of these items will trick bass and bluegill. Bass also like topwater
plugs and short plastic worms. For Guadalupe bass, probe the swift water
as it flows over boulders or shallow flats. River regulars keep a ready
supply of in-line spinners in their tackle boxes.
-LCRA

28
Comal River
Flowing through the city of New Braunfels in the Comal River
known as the shortest river (2 and one-half miles) in Texas. This
highly utilized waterway has been found to be suitable for most
types of recreational usage almost year round since there is
always an adequate water supply from the hill country springs
located within the city.

30
Comal River
Schlitterbahn Water Park
Schlitterbahn is a family-owned and operated
company based in New Braunfels, Texas. They typically
operate from late April to mid-September.
The first of the parks was in New Braunfels, TX and
opened in 1979. The park was named "slippery road"
in German because of the local area's German heritage.
It originally consisted of four waterslides. As of 2014,
the park had won Amusement Today's Golden Ticket
Award for 15 years straight.
- Wikipedia (2014)

31
Comal River
Temperatures for the Comal River Streamflow Data

32
Comal River
Fishing in the Comal River
Our section of the Comal River is located in Comal
County. Anglers will find a variety of fish whether your
baitcasting or spinning chances of catching a fish are
excellent. Common species of fish found on the Comal
River are:
• Blue Catfish
• Bluegill
• Bowfin
• Bream
• Brook Trout
Endangered Species of the Comal River
Currently in the Comal River there is one species in the
Endangered Species List: the Fountain darter (
Etheostoma fonticola). The Guadalupe Bass
(Micropterus treculii) is listed as a rare species close to
becoming endangered. Other endangered species
found in Comal County, where our section of the river
resides, are: the Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla),
the Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia),
the Jaguarundi (Herpailurus yaguarondi), the Red Wolf
(Canis rufus), and the Whooping Crane (Grus americana).
Fountain darter, Etheostoma fonticola
Information on Bait and Lure
Based on the water body records reported by the Texas Parks and Wildlife
department for the Comal River the following baits or lure are proven to
work against the following species of fish:
Species Bait or Lure (Method)
Bluegill Worm (Rod and Reel)
Catfish Hank Shear (Bow & Arrow)
-TPWD

33
Guadalupe River
The Guadalupe River is one of the most popular rivers in Texas.
Rising it its North and South Forks in Kerr County, the spring-fed
stream flows eastward into Kendall and Comal Counties where
it then turns and flows south to the Gulf of Mexico. Its total
length is approximately 250 miles. The river is extremely scenic,
and a sufficient water flow for recreational use exists
throughout its entire length, with the exception of the extreme
upper reaches.

35
Guadalupe River
Lower Guadalupe

36
Guadalupe River
River
Faust Street Bridge
This bridge was built in
1887, it used to be the
main route that crossed
the Guadalupe River
when traveling between
Austin and San Marcos.

37
Guadalupe River
Upper Guadalupe

38
Guadalupe River
River Established in 1971, Guadalupe Canoe
Livery is committed to your safe and
enjoyable river experience. We offer six
canoe, kayak, raft or tube trips on the Upper
Guadalupe River above Canyon Lake from
FM 3351 to Rebecca Creek Road.
Guadalupe Canoe Livery

39
Guadalupe River
Temperatures for the Guadalupe River Gage Height and Discharge

40
Guadalupe River
Fishing in the Guadalupe River
Our section of the Guadalupe River runs through the
following counties: Kendall, Comal, and Guadalupe . The
Guadalupe River is one of the most popular rivers in
Central Texas. The river is very scenic and has
sufficient water flow for recreational activities year
round. The Guadalupe River is stocked annually with
trout for recreational fishing. Species of fish found on
the Colorado River are:
• Brown trout • Guadalupe bass
• Largemouth bass • Rio Grande perch
• Rainbow trout • Smallmouth bass
• Sunfish
Endangered Species of the Guadalupe River
Currently in this section of the Guadalupe River there
are two species of fish listed as a rare species close to
becoming endangered: the Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus
treculii) and the Headwater Catfish (Ictalurus lupus).
Other endangered species found in our selected area of
the Guadalupe River are: the Black-capped Vireo (Vireo
chrysoparia), the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus), the Jaguarundi
(Herpailurus yaguarondi), the Red Wolf (Canis rufus), and
the Whooping Crane (Grus americana).
Headwater Catfish, Ictalurus lupus
Guadalupe River Restrictions
In Comal County from the second bridge crossing on River Road
upstream to the easternmost bridge crossing on FM Road 306, rainbow
and brown trout may not be retained when taken by any method except
artificial lures. Artificial lures cannot contain or have attached either
whole or portions, living or dead, of organisms such as fish, crayfish,
insects (grubs, larvae or adults) or worms, any other animal or vegetable
material, or synthetic scented materials. This does not prohibit the use of
artificial lures that contain components of hair or feathers. It is an offense
to possess rainbow or brown trout while fishing with any other device in
that part of the Guadalupe River defined in this paragraph. For rainbow
and brown trout, minimum length limit=18 inches and daily bag=1 fish.
-Angler Guide, Texas

42
Medina River
The Medina River is formed in northwest Bandera County and
flows southeast through Medina and Bexar Counties where it
joins the San Antonio River. The Medina is spring-fed and is a
typical Hill Country river, containing crystal clear waters,
bald cypress lined banks, and limestone outcroppings. It is a
small river with an average width of approximately 30 to 40 feet.
However, since the Medina has its origins in springs, it normally
has a sufficient flow of water for recreational use.

44
Medina River
River Bandera, Texas

45
Medina River
Temperatures for the Medina River Gage Height and Discharge

46
Medina River
Fishing in the Medina River
Our section of the Medina River is located in Bexar
County. The Medina River is a well-known fishing spot
in Texas, having an abundance in Largemouth bass
anglers will not leave unsatisfied. There are over twenty
five species of fish found on the Medina River, the most
common fish are:
• Catfish
• Crappie
• Hybrid Striped Bass
• Largemouth Bass
• Smallmouth Bass
• White Bass
Endangered Species of the Medina River
Currently in the Medina River the Guadalupe Bass
found in Bexar County, where our section of the river
the Gray wolf (Canis lupus) the Red Wolf (Canis rufus),
and the Whooping Crane (Grus americana). The Black
bear (Ursus americanus) and the Red knot (Calidris canutus
rufa) are listed as Threatened species in Bexar County.
Tips & Tactics
For largemouth bass, try fishing deep drop-offs near points in the
warmer months using jigs or shad imitating lures. Smallmouth bass can
be found around rocky outcrops using crawfish-colored crankbaits and
jigs. Hybrid striped bass have been concentrating around open water
points and humps and in deep water near the dam. Troll spoons or rattle
traps in deep water with down-riggers or use chicken liver for bait. White
bass can be caught using small spoons or shad imitating jigs off open
water points. Look for schools breaking the surface and throw topwater
lures past the school and drag your lure through with a fast retrieve. For
catfish, use chicken liver, blood bait, or shad in deep coves that have
feeder creeks (even if the creeks are not currently flowing).
-TPWD

47
Pedernales River
Totaling approximately 106 miles in length, the Pedernales
River rises in Kimble County and flows southeast through
Gillespie, Blanco, Hays, and Travis Counties where it meets
the Colorado River. The backwaters of Lake Travis are formed
on the last few miles of the Pedernales. The river is spring-fed,
free-flowing, and has many outstanding scenic qualities.

49
Pedernales River
Pedernales River

50
Pedernales River
Hamilton Pool

51
Pedernales River
Temperatures for the Pedernales River Gage Height and Discharge

52
Pedernales River
Fishing in the Pedernales River
Our section of the Pedernales River is located in Blanco,
Travis, and a small section of Hays County. The
Pedernales River offers anglers a quiet scenic place to
relax. Anglers most commonly catch:
• Bass
• Catfish
• Carp
• Sunfish
Endangered Species of the Pedernales River
Currently in the Pedernales River the Guadalupe Bass
found in Blanco and Travis County, where our section
of the river resides, are: the Black-capped Vireo (Vireo
chrysoparia), the Gray wolf (Canis lupus) the Red Wolf
(Canis rufus), and the Whooping Crane (Grus americana).
The Black bear (Ursus americanus) and the Red knot
(Calidris canutus rufa) are listed as Threatened species in
Blanco and Travis County.
Information on Bait and Lure
Based on the water body records reported by the Texas Parks and Wildlife
department for the Pedernales River the following baits or lure are proven
to work against the following species of fish:
Species Bait and Lure (Method)
Bass Spinner, Minnow (Rod and Reel)
Catfish Cut Shad (Fly Rod, Rod, and Reel)
Carp (Fly Rod and Bow & Arrow)
Sunfish (Rod and Reel)
-TPWD

54
San Antonio River
The San Antonio River has its beginning in large springs within the corporate limits of
San Antonio. The river flows approximately 180 miles across the Coastal Plains to junc-
tion with the Guadalupe River near San Antonio Bay. The upper reaches of the San Anto-
nio River are suitable for recreational use at any time because of the many large springs
within San Antonio. The river has developed into a scenic parkway in San Antonio.

55
San Antonio River
San Antonio River

56
San Antonio River
San Antonio River
Espada Dam

57
San Antonio River
Temperatures for the San Antonio River Gage Height and Discharge

58
San Antonio River
Fishing in the San Antonio River
Our section of the San Antonio River is located in Bexar
County. The San Antonio River crosses the city of San
Antonio and is well known for the San Antonio River
walk, a local and tourist attraction. Anglers can find a
variety of fish in the San Antonio River, the most
commonly caught fish are:
• Bass
• Catfish
• Cichlid
• Rainbow trout *
• Sunfish
* Rainbow trout are stocked yearly during winter months.
Endangered Species of the San Antonio River
Currently in the San Antonio River there are two spe-
cies of fish listed in the threatened list: the Widemouth
blindcat (Satan eurystomus) and the Toothless blindcat
(Trogloglanis pattersoni). The Guadalupe Bass
found in Bexar County, where our section of the river
the Gray wolf (Canis lupus), the Red Wolf (Canis rufus),
and the Whooping Crane (Grus americana). The Black
bear (Ursus americanus) and the Red knot (Calidris canutus
rufa) are listed as Threatened species in Bexar County.
Photo by: Garold W. Sneegas
Widemouth blindcat, Satan eurystomus Toothless blindcat, Trogloglanis pattersoni
Photo by: Garold W. Sneegas
Fun Fact:
Rainbow trout released in area lakes and rivers during the winter are the
next-best thing to shooting fish in a barrel.
On the release days, more than a dozen anglers often are lined up and
waiting on the banks. Some catch trout within minutes.
-My San Antonio

59
San Gabriel River
The San Gabriel River is formed at Georgetown by the union
of its North and the South Forks. The scenery along the main
stream of the San Gabriel is varied, with heavy vegetation on
the banks and periodic bluffs. Water levels fluctuate for the
entire length of the river; however, except during the dry
summer periods, there is normally sufficient water for
recreational use.

62
San Gabriel River
an Gabriel River

63
San Gabriel River
Temperatures for the San Gabriel River Gage Height and Discharge

64
San Gabriel River
Fishing in the San Gabriel River
Our section of the San Gabriel River is located in
Williamson County. Fishing in the San Gabriel River
may seem slow due to over fishing, however good
anglers can guarantee a catch with the proper bait or
lure. Anglers can find a variety of fish in the San
Gabriel River, the most commonly cought fish are:
• Bass
• Catfish
• Carp
• Longnose Gar
• Sunfish
Endangered Species of the San Gabriel River
Currently in the San Gabriel River there are two species
of fish listed in the endangered list: the Smalleye
shiner (Notropis buccula) and the Sharpnose shiner
(Notropis oxyrhynchus). The Guadalupe Bass
found in Williamson County, where our section of the
river resides, are: the Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atri-
capilla), the Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrys-
oparia), the Red Wolf (Canis rufus), and the Whooping
Crane (Grus americana). The Red knot (Calidris canutus
rufa) is listed as Threatened species in Williamson
County.
Smalleye shiner, Notropis buccula
Sharpnose shiner, Notropis oxyrhynchus
Tips/Tactics:
Black bass: use "ZOOM" watermelon/red U-tails, on a Texas rig.
Yellow rooster tails work really well when worked slowly (the smaller
the better). You can catch crappie in the southern part of the river (by
Taylor and Granger) or by lake Georgetown spillway. Catfish: you can't
go wrong with beef liver, small live perch, crawdads, cut shad, worms,
and big red and brand flakes. Also where the law allows it, several nice
spots are incredible for bow-fishing.
San Gabriel Park: Park starts right were the north and south San
Gabriel Rivers meet. For Bass: fish a curly tail worm very slow. Fish all
boulders, debris, brush and cliffs very hard, it might take several passes
for a fish to hit it. Catfish: use perch, blood bait or white bread. Carp:
use white bread. For Perch: use either worms or small rooster tail type
lures.
-Anglerweb.com

65
San Marcos River
The San Marcos River is one of the most popular recreation-
al rivers in Texas. The river rises at Aquarena Springs within
the city limits of San Marcos, flowing approximately 75 miles
through heavily wooded banks to join the Guadalupe River. A
wide variety of water types, including a few rapids, many small
riffles and an abundance of clear, quiet pools are present. Aver-
age width of the stream is 30 feet; however, it narrows between
steep banks in its lower reaches.

67
San Marcos River
San Marcos

68
San Marcos River
River Spring Lake Dam
This dam was originally built
during the Civil War era. Today
it is the topic of much debate
because the dams' structural
integrity is in question due to
flooding events in history.

69
San Marcos River
Temperatures for the San Marcos River Gage Height and Discharge

70
San Marcos River
Fishing in the San Marcos River
Our section of the San Marcos River is located in Hays
County. Fishing in the San Marcos River offers anglers a
unique and pleasant fishing experience. One can count
on encountering a variety of wildlife in the San
Marcos River, such as deer and bobcats. Anglers can
find a variety of fish in the San Marcos River, the most
commonly caught fish are:
• Bass
• Bream
• Catfish
• Cichlid
Endangered Species of the San Marcos River
Currently in the San Marcos River there are two
species of fish listed in the endangered list: the San
Marcos gambusia (Gambusia georgei) and the Fountain
darter (Etheostoma fonticola). The Guadalupe Bass
(Micropterus treculii) and Ironcolor shiner (Notropis
chalybaeus) are listed as a rare species close to becoming
endangered. Other endangered species found in Hays
County, where our section of the river resides, are: the
Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla), the
Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia), the
Red Wolf (Canis rufus), the Texas Blind Salamander
(Eurycea rathbuni), and the Whooping Crane (Grus
americana).
Ironcolor shiner, Notropis chalybaeus
Fountain darter, Etheostoma fonticola
Photo by: TPWD
San Marcos gambusia, Gambusia georgei
Tips and Tactics
For stuff like lily pads and elephant ears use weedless topwater frogs and Texas Rigs. If
choosing a Texas Rig throw it into the thickest stuff you can find with a heavy weight.
Sometimes you will get a strike when your worm is on the lily pad because the fish think
it is a snake, lizard, or a worm. Another option for tackling vegetation is using the Texas
Rig without the weight and work it over the top, just under the lily pads. Other useful
baits are the basic bass lures like crankbaits, spinnerbaits, jerkbaits, lipless crankbaits,
and topwater lures.
*Line can be extremely important as with the rod you are using here, because if you fish
thick vegetation, you will want very heavy line and a stout rod - anywhere from 30-50 lb.
braid with a medium-heavy to a heavy action rod.
Watch out For
The main thing you will want to watch out for is the water. The San Marcos River has
many waterfalls and shoots of rapids that can be dangerous if you are not capable of
running the rapids (never attempt to run a waterfall). Make sure you always have on
your life jacket and everything in your kayak or canoe floats, or is attached to something
that floats. If you do see a section of rapids, I recommend that you first check to see if
you can run it, then double check to make sure everything is secured and safe, including
you (wear your life jacket).
-Texas Kayak Fisher

71
Footnotes
1. Welder v. State, 196 S.W. 868 at 873 (Tex. Civ. App. - Austin
1917, writ ref'd)
2. Nat. Res. Code Sec. 21.001
3. Motl v. Boyd, 286 S.W. 458 (Tex. 1926)
4. Manry v. Robinson, 56 S.W.2d 438 (Tex. 1932)
5. Motl v. Boyd, 286 S.W. 458 at 467 (Tex. 1926)
6. Diversion Lake Club v. Heath, 86 S.W.2d 441 (Tex. 1935).
For a thorough discussion of the history and development of
the gradient boundary and the method of applying it on the
ground, see "The Gradient Boundary - The Line Between Texas
and Oklahoma Along the Red River" by Arthur A. Stiles, 30
Tex. Law Rev. 305 (1952).
7. Diversion Lake Club v. Heath, 86 S.W.2d 441 (Tex. 1935);
Hix v. Robertson, 211 S.W.2d 423 (Tex.App. - Waco 2006)
8. Taylor Fishing Club v. Hammett, 88 S.W.2d 127 (Tex. Civ.
App. - Waco 1935, writ dism'd); Reed v. State, 175 S.W.2d 473
(Tex. Civ. App. - Eastland 1943, no writ)
9. Parks and Wild. Code Secs. 61.022 and 66.002
10. Tex. Civ. Prac. and Rem. Code Ch. 75
11. Water Code Sec. 11.021; Parks and Wild. Code Sec. 1.011
12. Taylor Lake Fishing Club v. Hammett, 88 S.W.2d 127 (Tex.
Civ. App. - Waco 1935, writ dism'd)
13. Nat. Res. Code Sec. 21.012; State v. Bradford, 50 S.W.2d
1065 (Tex. 1932)
14. Tex. Civ. Stat. Art. 5414a
15. Penal Code Sec. 30.05
16. A.G. Op. S-208 (1956)
17. See Tex. A.G. Op. S-208 (1956) and cases cited therein.
18. Diversion Lake Club v. Heath, 86 S.W.2d 441 (Tex. 1935)
20. Parks and Wild. Code Secs. 82.712, 82.722, 82.732, 82.762,
114.011, 130.013, 134.041, 136.012, 143.023, 202.031, 246.012,
258.011, 272.051, 283.022, 284.001, and 350.001
21. Parks and Wild. Code Sec. 62.0121

72
Footnotes
25. Tex. Const. Art. XVI, Sec. 59
26. Penal Code Secs. 30.05 and 9.22
27. Port Acres Sportsman's Club v. Mann, 541 S.W.2d 847
(Tex. Civ. App.-Beaumont 1976, writ ref'd n.r.e.); A.G. Op.
S-208 (1956)
29. Penal Code Sec. 42.03
31. Diversion Lake Club v. Heath, 86 S.W.2d 441 (Tex. 1935)
32. Penal Code Sec. 42.03; Parks and Wild. Code Sec. 62.0125
33. Water Code Sec. 11.121
34. Nat. Res. Code Sec. 51.3021 and Ch. 52, Subch. C
35. Parks and Wild. Code Ch. 61 and Ch. 86
37. U.S. v. Louisiana, 363 U.S. 1 (1960); Nat. Res. Code
Secs. 11.012 and 11.013
38. Employers Mut. Cas. Co. v. Samuels, 407 S.W.2d 839
(Tex. Civ. App. - San Antonio 1966, writ ref'd n.r.e.)
39. Nat. Res. Code Sec. 11.012
40. See A.G. Op. M-1210 (1972)
41. A.G. Letter Op. 97-079 (1997); A.G. Op. DM-169
(1992)
42. A.G. Letter Op. 98-117 (1998)

73
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a9FVpb-hhP1u-iAMfr-8tf17v-3fPw84-a9DQje-56ewvY-a9FETJ-9pQ5d3-7QXcHE-atWSyq-3fTV2N-acMVwr-acMVSZ-6dzopM-Gxqvu-anJgNa/
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