Osteogenic cells are rounded cells with rounded nuclei that are rich in alkaline phosphatase. They are present in the endosteum and are acidophilic cells. Osteogenic cells cannot divide. Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells that are found in Howship's lacunae and have foamy acidophilic cytoplasm containing lysosomes. They are derived from monocytes. Haversian systems in compact bone are interconnected by interstitial lamellae and contain concentric lamellae, osteocytes in lacunae, and a central Haversian canal.

1. Osteogenic cells are:
a. rounded cells with rounded nuclei
b. rich in alkaline phosphatase
c. Cannot divide.
d.
e. present in endosteum
f. acidophilic cells.
1.The bone is characterized by the following Except :-
a. It has hard matrix.
b. It is calcified C.T.
c. It is rich in Ca-salts.
d. It is rich in blood supply.
2.The bone resorbing cells:-
a. Osteocytes.
b. Osteoblasts.
c. Osteoclasts.
d. Osteogenic cells.
3.Howship's lacuna contains :
a. Osteogenic cells.
b. Pericytes.
c. Osteoclasts.
d. Chondrocytes.
4.Volkman's canal is :-
a. Oblique canal between periosteum & endosteum.
b. Transverse canal between osteocytes.
c. Oblique canals between Haversian systems.
d. Longitadinal canal in the bone.
5. Perforating fibres of Sharpy anchor the matrix with :-
a. Haversian canal.
b. Periosteum.
c. Endosteum.

2. d. Volkman's canal.
6.The basal zone of osteoclast contains :-
a. Lysosomal vesicles.
b. 4-20 nuclei .
c .Actin filaments.
d. Large multilobed nucleus.
7.Osteoclasts are derived from:-
a. Osteogenic cells.
b. Monocytes.
c. Osteoblasts.
d. Pericytes.
8.Osteogenic cells are present in :-
a. Endosteum.
b. Periosteum.
c. Haversion canal.
d. All of the above.
9.Osteoblast is characterized by:
a. Acidophilic cytoplasm.
b. Multi- nucleated.
c. Well developed Golgi apparatus.
d. None of the above.
10.Ostocyte is characterized by :
a. Acidophilic cytoplasm.
b. Multilobed nucleus.
c. Branched cells inside lacune.
d. Simple columnar ciliated .
11.Haversian system shows :

3. a. Concentric bone lamellae.
b. Layers of osteocytes.
c. Haversian canal.
d. All of the above.
12.Organic component of the bone matrix contains the following Except :-
a. Collagen type II.
b. Collagen type I.
c. Osteonectin.
d. Osteocalcin.
13.Intra-cartilagenous ossification occurs in :-
a. Periosteum.
b. Endosteum.
c. Epiphyseal plate.
d. mesenchymal membrane
14.Intra memberanous ossification occurs in:-
a. Long bone.
b. Flat bone.
c. Epiphyseal plate of cartilage.
d. endosteum
15.Cancellous bone is present in :-
a. Outer layer of vertebrae.
b. outer layer of the skull.
c. Long bone.
d. central layer of the skull.
16. one of the following statements concerning osteoclast is true except :-
a. They are present inside howships bony lacunae .
b. Their cytoplasm contains alkaline phosphatase.
c. They ariginate from osteogenic cells.
d. They maintain hardness of bone matrix by deposition of calcium salts.

4. e. They are bone forming cells .
a.
1. Osteoblast is characterized by:
a. Acidophilic cytoplasm.
b. Multi- nucleated.
c. Well-developed Golgi apparatus.
d. Acid phosphatase enzyme activity.
e. Multiple long processes.
2. Ostocyte is characterized by:
a. Intercommunicating cell process.
b. Acidophilic cytoplasm.
c. Multilobed nucleus.
d. Striated border.
e. flat eccentric nuclei
3. Osteocalsts:
a. have acidophilic cytoplasm
b. usually have a single nucleus
c. synthesize bone matrix
d. exist mainly in periosteum
e. have regular shape
4. Bone matrix:
a. forms irregular lamellae in compact bone
b. Is non-vascular.
c. Contains canaliculi connecting lacunae.
d. Contains no lacunae.
e. is hard due to periosteum.
5. What are the small tunnels seen in bone?
a. Canaliculi
b. Sharpey's fibers
c. Trabeculae
d. Lacuna
e. Haversian canals.

5. 6. The cell responsible for synthesis of bone matrix is:
a) chondrocyte
b) osteoblast
c) osteoclast
d) chondrogenic cells
7. the function of the periosteum :
a. Responsible for synthesis of bone matrix.
b. Provide attachment for muscles, ligaments and tendons.
c. Responsible for bone resorption during ossification
d. Responsible for Bone calcification.
e. Protection of precious organs as brain
8. The function of endosteum:
a. Responsible for synthesis of bone matrix.
b. Provide attachment for muscles, ligaments and tendons.
c. Responsible for bone resorption during ossification
d. Supplies bone with blood supply & nourishment.
e. Responsible for bone calcification

6. 1. Osteon:
a) is the structural unit of cancellous bone
b) contains 4-20 concentric lamellae
c) osteoclasts exist between its lamellae
d) surrounded by perichondrium
e) contains bone marrow
2. Interstitial lamellae of compact bone exist:
a) under peristeum
b) under endostum
c) inside Haversian's canals
d) between Haversian's systems
e) around Haversian's canals
a.
3. the bone lamellae in Cancellous bone:
a. Form osteon.
b. Formed of 4-20 cylinders of concentric bone lamellae.
c. Present under the perichondrium.
d. The bone trabeculae are separated by bone marrow spaces.
e. Regularly arranged
4. Osteon shows:
a. Volkman’ canals
b. Perforating fibers of Sharpy.
c. Osteoblasts inside lacunae.
d. Concentric bone lamellae.
e. Cell nests.
5. Regarding Haversian canal:
a. Oblique canals.
b. Connecting Volkman’s canals
c. Contains vascular C.T.
d. Lined by chondrogenic cells.
e. Act as ossification center.

7. 6. Intra memberanous ossification occurs in:-
a. Long bone.
b. Flat bone.
c. Epiphyseal plate of cartilage.
d. Periosteum.
e. Endosteum.

8. 17.All the following statments regrading osteoclasts are
correct except :-
a. They are large multinucleated cells.
b. They are found in Howship's lacunae.
c. They have foamy acidophilic cytoplasm.
d. They communcation through conaliculi connecting their lacunae
together.
e. They contain many lysosomes.
18.All the following statments regarding compact bone
except :-
a. It is found in the shaft of long bones.
b. A perichondrium covers its outer surface.
c. It is composed of irregular trabeculae.
d. It contains haversian systems running transversallly with the long
axis of bone.
19.Which of the following is not a feature of bone :-
a. It is calcified hard tissue.
b. It is highly vascular.
c. It's lacunae contains groups of chondrocytes.
d. It contains a system of canals and canaliculi.
e. It is formed of cells found singly inside lacunae.

9. 20.All the following are not features of osteoclasts
except
one :-
a. Are found in Howship's lacunae.
b.Are drived from fibroblasts.
c. Are mature bone cells.
d. Have basophilic cytoplasm containing alkaline phosphatase.
e. Present in the inner layer of the periosteum.

10. 21. one is true feature of spongy bone :-
a. has cavities filled with inactive bone marrow.
b. It is found in the epiphysis of long bones.
c. It has Haversian systems.
d. Its bone trabeculae are branching and anastomosing.
22.Regarding osteoclasts one is true:-
a. Their cytoplasm contains alkaline phosphatase.
b. They are branched basophilic cells.
c. They originate from osteogenic cells.
d. They are present singly inside their lacunae.
e. They maintain hardness of bone matrix by depoition of calcium salts.
23.Haversian systems in compact bone are
interconnected togther by means of :-
a. Interstitial lamellae.
b. Circumferential lamellae.
c. Concentric lamellae.
d. The periosteum.
e. Volkmann's canals.

11. 24. which is true about osteoblasts:-
a. Are large rounded cells with eccentric nuclei.
b. Are found in the inner layer of the periosteum.
c. Are bone eating cells.
d. Have dark acidophilic cytoplasm.
e. Contain acid phosphatase enzyme.
25.All the following are true about Haversian systems
except one:-
a. Are the structural units of spongy bone.
b. Contain central Haversian canals.
c. Are surrounded by concentric lamellae of calcified collagen.
d. Contain osteocytes inside their lacunae.
e. Are connected to the periosteum by volkmann's canals.