The document lists the "twelve beers of Christmas" that are received each day from the first to the twelfth day, with each day's gift building upon the previous days. It begins with a pint of Parish beer and builds up to include types of beers like Goldings, White Knights, Goose Island bottles, and ends with twelve Drunken Monks on the final day. The document was created as a fun take on the classic Christmas carol by a researcher named Gordon Watts, aiming to showcase different beer varieties.