1. HOW TO PRESENT A CASE
Dr. G. V. S. Moorthy
Professor & HOD of Orthopaedics
Osmania Medical College

2. ACCENT AND ATTITUDE

3. ACCENT AND ATTITUDE

4. ACCENT AND ATTITUDE

5. ACCENT AND ATTITUDE

6. SPOKEN ENGLISH

7. SPOKEN ENGLISH - ABC

8. SPOKEN ENGLISH - CHINESE

9. SPOKEN ENGLISH - BUTTLER

10. INDIAN ENGLISH
North
Indian
East
West
Indian
Indian
South
Indian

11. COMMUNICABLE ENGLISH
• CLARITY
• SPACING
• FLUENCY AND FLOW
• AUDIBLE
• SIMPLE WORDS
• SINGLE SENTENCES
• GRAMMATIC

12. GADGETS

13. GADGETS

14. BROAD HEADINGS
• HISTORY
• GENERAL EXAMINATION
• REGIONAL EXAMINATION
• PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS
• INVESTIGATIONS
• DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS
• MANAGEMENT
• PROGNOSIS

15. HISTORY
• HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS
• PAST HISTORY
• PERSONAL HISTORY
• FAMILY HISTORY
• TREATMENT HISTORY
• MENSTRUAL HISTORY
• BIRTH HISTORY
• RETROSPECTIVE HISTORY

16. COMPLAINTS & PRESENT ILLNESS
• PAIN
• SWELLING
• DEFORMITY
• DISABILITY
• SHORTENING
• LOSS OF FUNCTION
• FEVER
• TRAUMA

17. PAIN
• SITE – PRESENT AND IN PAST
• RADIATION
• CHARACTER
• SEVERITY
• TIME COURSE
• AGGREVATING, RELEIVING FACTORS
• ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS

18. PROGRESS OF SYMPTOMS
• PROGRESSIVE DETERIORATION
• PROGRESSIVE BETTERMENT
• AGGREVATION AND RELEIF
• REMISSIONS AND RELAPSES
• MODIFICATION WITH MEDICATION ETC.
• DIURNAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION
• REST PAIN

19. GENERAL EXAMINATION
• PERIPHERAL PULSES
• PERIPHERAL NERVES
• SKIN PATCHES AND PIGMENTATION
• LYMPHADENOPATHY
• SOFT TISSUE LAXITY, SKIN TURGOR
• ORGANOMEGALY
• BUILT, ANAEMIA, JAUNDICE. CLUBBING ETC.

20. REGIONAL EXAMINATION
• GAIT
• ATTITUDE AND DEFORMITY
• INSPECTION
• PALPATION
• (PERCUSSION AND AUSCULTATION)
• MOVEMENTS
• MEASUREMENTS
• SPECIAL TESTS
• LYMPH NODES, DISTAL N.V. STATUS
• SPINE AND OTHER JOINTS

21. GAIT
OBSERVED AS THE PATIENT WALKS IN TO AVOID PATIENT BIASS /
RECHECKED AT THE END OF EXAMINATION
• STABLE, PAINLESS, ASYMMETRIC
• STABLE, PAINFUL
• UNSTABLE, PAINLESS
• UNSTABLE AND PAINFUL

22. GAIT – SPECIFIC TYPES
• TRENDLENBERG GAIT (PAINLESS, UNSTABLE)
• SHORT LIMB GAIT (PAINLESS, STABLE)
• ANTALGIC GAIT (PAINFUL, STABLE)
• NON WEIGHT BEARING ( PAINFUL, UNSTABLE)
• HIGH STEPPING GAIT ( FOOT DROP )
• WADDLING GAIT (BILATERAL PAINLESS,UNSTABLE)
• STIFF HIP GAIT (PAINLESS, STABLE)
• CIRCUMDUCTION GAIT (SPASTIC LOWER LIMB)
• SCISCORING GAIT (SPASTICITY BOTH LEGS)
• MINCING IN CHOREA, FESTINANT IN PARKINSONISM

23. INSPECTION
SEE ALL SIDES:
• HOLLOWS
• SWELLINGS
• BONY LAND MARKS
• MUSCLE SPASM AND WASTING
• SKIN CREASES, SCARS, SINUSES
• VESSELS

24. PALPATION
• TEMPERATURE
• TENDERNESS – DIRECT / INDIRECT -
BONE, JOINT, TENDON, LIGAMENT, CARTILAGE
• NORMAL BONY LAND MARKS
• ABNORMAL MASSES
• SWELLING – ARTICULAR / EXTRA ARTICULAR –
FLUID / SOLID
• VESSELS, SKIN, SOFT TISSUE, MUSCLE TONE

25. MOVEMENTS
• FIXED DEFORMITIES
• MOVEMENTS – ACTIVE / PASSIVE
• MOVEMENTS – POSITION OF LIMB
• CREPITUS, PAIN
• DEVIATIONS – AXIS DEVIATION
• ABNORMAL MOVEMENTS / INSTABILITY
• TRANSMITTED MOVEMENTS

26. MEASUREMENTS
• LENGTH
• BREADTH
• CIRCUMFERENCE
• APPARENT AND REAL
• LINES
• ANGLES

27. THANK YOU
• KNOWLEDGE MAKES A MAN WISE,
• PRACTICE MAKES HIM PERFECT,
• RESULTS MAKE ALL REJOICE!