SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 20
1 of 20
CHASE VODKA REBRAND
RUPI DOSANJH
DESIGN STRATEGY
1/12/2011
2 of 20
THE CONTEXT
William Chase, Entrepreneur
Potatoes gathered
Mashed
Fermentation Finishing & Stripping
Bottling
3 of 20
THE CONTEXT
SPIRIT & LIQUEURS MARKET IS WORTH £8.2mil.
VODKA ACCOUNTS FOR 32.4% OF THE ENTIRE MARKET.
(Keynote 2010)
Vodka getting the Royal Approval from Prince Harry
4 of 20
THE BRIEF
SOLD FOR £40mil!
RENAME THE
VODKA!
OR NO DEAL!
“You don’t want a premium drink associated with snacks.
You wouldn’t get a Dom Pérignon
coming out of a Hula Hoops factory.”
(The Telegraph 2010)
5 of 20
REPOSITION THE BRAND
6 of 20
HOW?
WHY? (USPS)
250 POTATOES TO MAKE 1 BOTTLE OF CHASE
‘EXPENSIVE & LABOURIOUS’ PRODUCTION METHODS USED THAN MASS
PRODUCED VODKAS
EVERYTHING IS DONE ON SITE AT THE FARM IN HEREFORDSHIRE
AND, OF COURSE, IT’S THE UK’S ONLY POTATO VODKA!
7 of 20
WHO?
8 of 20
WHY THE URBAN TYPES?
£££££’S! £25K A YEAR
UNDER EXPOSED NICHE BRANDS
PRODUCTS WITH STORIES
ENJOY THE FRUITS OF THEIR LABOUR
9 of 20
DESIGN STRATEGY
Innovation + Technology + R & D = Product (sorted!)
Yes, but also need a good Brand Strategy to PUSH SALES!
10 of 20
BRAND VALUES
‘Quality Produce’ (Chase Distillery 2010)
The company is proud to emphasize the raw
materials used to create their vodka is grown and
controlled on their own farm.
‘Provenance and pedigree’ (Chase Distillery 2010)
It gives the brand an authenticity that conscious,
niche product craving consumers will buy into.
‘Super Premium’ (BBC 2010)
The distillery is placing itself with well-
established competitors such as Belvedere and
Grey Goose.
11 of 20
DESIGN AUDIT
WHY?
Deconstruct the product & see if brand values have been achieved
12 of 20
SAMPLE
Chase Vodka Gift Pack
£45
70cl bottle
13 of 20
DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS
GIFT BAG
14 of 20
DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS
GIFT BOX
15 of 20
DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS
BOTTLE
16 of 20
DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS
TAG
17 of 20
DESIGN LAYERS CONCLUSION
HAVE THEY BEEN ACHIEVED?
18 of 20
THE RESULTS
WINNER OF WORLD SPIRIT AWARDS 2010
EXPANDED PRODUCT RANGE
INCREASED OUTPUT FROM 5,000 TO 25,000 BOTTLES
EXPANDED INTO GLOBAL MARKET (USA, UAE, BRAZIL & CHINA)
19 of 20
REFERENCES
Borja de Mozota, B. (2003). Design Management: Using design to build brand value and corporate
innovation.
Capstick L 2010, Spirits & Liqueurs Market Report. Keynote [online] Available at: www.keynote.co.uk
[Accessed 30th October 2011]
Hurley, J., 2010, Tyrrells entrepreneur targets US with artisan vodka – made from spuds. The
Telegraph, [online] 13 July 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/businessclub/7888597/Tyrrells-
entrepreneur-targets-US-with-artisan-vodka-made-from-spuds.html)
Mosaic. Available at www.experian.com
Neumeier M, 2007, The Brand Gap, How To Bridge the Distance Between Business Strategy and
Design, A Visual Presentation [online] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/coolstuff/the-brand-gap
20 of 20
ANY QUESTIONS
OR QUERIES?

More Related Content

Recently uploaded

Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
amitlee9823
 
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
gajnagarg
 
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard ...
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard  ...Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard  ...
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard ...
nirzagarg
 
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
amitlee9823
 
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
amitlee9823
 
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
amitlee9823
 
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman MuscatAbortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
Abortion pills in Kuwait Cytotec pills in Kuwait
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Pooja 9892124323, Call girls Services and Mumbai Escort Service Near Hotel Hy...
Pooja 9892124323, Call girls Services and Mumbai Escort Service Near Hotel Hy...Pooja 9892124323, Call girls Services and Mumbai Escort Service Near Hotel Hy...
Pooja 9892124323, Call girls Services and Mumbai Escort Service Near Hotel Hy...
 
Call Girls Jalgaon Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jalgaon Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jalgaon Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jalgaon Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
Whitefield Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Ba...
 
Just Call Vip call girls Nagpur Escorts ☎️8617370543 Starting From 5K to 25K ...
Just Call Vip call girls Nagpur Escorts ☎️8617370543 Starting From 5K to 25K ...Just Call Vip call girls Nagpur Escorts ☎️8617370543 Starting From 5K to 25K ...
Just Call Vip call girls Nagpur Escorts ☎️8617370543 Starting From 5K to 25K ...
 
💫✅jodhpur 24×7 BEST GENUINE PERSON LOW PRICE CALL GIRL SERVICE FULL SATISFACT...
💫✅jodhpur 24×7 BEST GENUINE PERSON LOW PRICE CALL GIRL SERVICE FULL SATISFACT...💫✅jodhpur 24×7 BEST GENUINE PERSON LOW PRICE CALL GIRL SERVICE FULL SATISFACT...
💫✅jodhpur 24×7 BEST GENUINE PERSON LOW PRICE CALL GIRL SERVICE FULL SATISFACT...
 
Sector 104, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Sector 104, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verifiedSector 104, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Sector 104, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
 
VIP Model Call Girls Kalyani Nagar ( Pune ) Call ON 8005736733 Starting From ...
VIP Model Call Girls Kalyani Nagar ( Pune ) Call ON 8005736733 Starting From ...VIP Model Call Girls Kalyani Nagar ( Pune ) Call ON 8005736733 Starting From ...
VIP Model Call Girls Kalyani Nagar ( Pune ) Call ON 8005736733 Starting From ...
 
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
Just Call Vip call girls dharamshala Escorts ☎️9352988975 Two shot with one g...
 
call girls in Kaushambi (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝...
call girls in Kaushambi (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝...call girls in Kaushambi (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝...
call girls in Kaushambi (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝...
 
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard ...
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard  ...Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard  ...
Anamika Escorts Service Darbhanga ❣️ 7014168258 ❣️ High Cost Unlimited Hard ...
 
8377087607, Door Step Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla (Delhi) 24/7 Available
8377087607, Door Step Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla (Delhi) 24/7 Available8377087607, Door Step Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla (Delhi) 24/7 Available
8377087607, Door Step Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla (Delhi) 24/7 Available
 
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
Jigani Call Girls Service: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangal...
 
WhatsApp Chat: 📞 8617697112 Call Girl Baran is experienced
WhatsApp Chat: 📞 8617697112 Call Girl Baran is experiencedWhatsApp Chat: 📞 8617697112 Call Girl Baran is experienced
WhatsApp Chat: 📞 8617697112 Call Girl Baran is experienced
 
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
Escorts Service Nagavara ☎ 7737669865☎ Book Your One night Stand (Bangalore)
 
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
Call Girls Basavanagudi Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service ...
 
Gamestore case study UI UX by Amgad Ibrahim
Gamestore case study UI UX by Amgad IbrahimGamestore case study UI UX by Amgad Ibrahim
Gamestore case study UI UX by Amgad Ibrahim
 
Sweety Planet Packaging Design Process Book.pptx
Sweety Planet Packaging Design Process Book.pptxSweety Planet Packaging Design Process Book.pptx
Sweety Planet Packaging Design Process Book.pptx
 
Q4-W4-SCIENCE-5 power point presentation
Q4-W4-SCIENCE-5 power point presentationQ4-W4-SCIENCE-5 power point presentation
Q4-W4-SCIENCE-5 power point presentation
 
call girls in Vaishali (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in Vaishali (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️call girls in Vaishali (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in Vaishali (Ghaziabad) 🔝 >༒8448380779 🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
 
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman MuscatAbortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
Abortion Pills in Oman (+918133066128) Cytotec clinic buy Oman Muscat
 

Featured

How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
ThinkNow
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Kurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 

Featured (20)

Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
 

Chase Vodka Pecha Kucha Presentation

  • 1. 1 of 20 CHASE VODKA REBRAND RUPI DOSANJH DESIGN STRATEGY 1/12/2011
  • 2. 2 of 20 THE CONTEXT William Chase, Entrepreneur Potatoes gathered Mashed Fermentation Finishing & Stripping Bottling
  • 3. 3 of 20 THE CONTEXT SPIRIT & LIQUEURS MARKET IS WORTH £8.2mil. VODKA ACCOUNTS FOR 32.4% OF THE ENTIRE MARKET. (Keynote 2010) Vodka getting the Royal Approval from Prince Harry
  • 4. 4 of 20 THE BRIEF SOLD FOR £40mil! RENAME THE VODKA! OR NO DEAL! “You don’t want a premium drink associated with snacks. You wouldn’t get a Dom Pérignon coming out of a Hula Hoops factory.” (The Telegraph 2010)
  • 5. 5 of 20 REPOSITION THE BRAND
  • 6. 6 of 20 HOW? WHY? (USPS) 250 POTATOES TO MAKE 1 BOTTLE OF CHASE ‘EXPENSIVE & LABOURIOUS’ PRODUCTION METHODS USED THAN MASS PRODUCED VODKAS EVERYTHING IS DONE ON SITE AT THE FARM IN HEREFORDSHIRE AND, OF COURSE, IT’S THE UK’S ONLY POTATO VODKA!
  • 8. 8 of 20 WHY THE URBAN TYPES? £££££’S! £25K A YEAR UNDER EXPOSED NICHE BRANDS PRODUCTS WITH STORIES ENJOY THE FRUITS OF THEIR LABOUR
  • 9. 9 of 20 DESIGN STRATEGY Innovation + Technology + R & D = Product (sorted!) Yes, but also need a good Brand Strategy to PUSH SALES!
  • 10. 10 of 20 BRAND VALUES ‘Quality Produce’ (Chase Distillery 2010) The company is proud to emphasize the raw materials used to create their vodka is grown and controlled on their own farm. ‘Provenance and pedigree’ (Chase Distillery 2010) It gives the brand an authenticity that conscious, niche product craving consumers will buy into. ‘Super Premium’ (BBC 2010) The distillery is placing itself with well- established competitors such as Belvedere and Grey Goose.
  • 11. 11 of 20 DESIGN AUDIT WHY? Deconstruct the product & see if brand values have been achieved
  • 12. 12 of 20 SAMPLE Chase Vodka Gift Pack £45 70cl bottle
  • 13. 13 of 20 DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS GIFT BAG
  • 14. 14 of 20 DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS GIFT BOX
  • 15. 15 of 20 DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS BOTTLE
  • 16. 16 of 20 DESIGN LAYERS ANALYSIS TAG
  • 17. 17 of 20 DESIGN LAYERS CONCLUSION HAVE THEY BEEN ACHIEVED?
  • 18. 18 of 20 THE RESULTS WINNER OF WORLD SPIRIT AWARDS 2010 EXPANDED PRODUCT RANGE INCREASED OUTPUT FROM 5,000 TO 25,000 BOTTLES EXPANDED INTO GLOBAL MARKET (USA, UAE, BRAZIL & CHINA)
  • 19. 19 of 20 REFERENCES Borja de Mozota, B. (2003). Design Management: Using design to build brand value and corporate innovation. Capstick L 2010, Spirits & Liqueurs Market Report. Keynote [online] Available at: www.keynote.co.uk [Accessed 30th October 2011] Hurley, J., 2010, Tyrrells entrepreneur targets US with artisan vodka – made from spuds. The Telegraph, [online] 13 July 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/businessclub/7888597/Tyrrells- entrepreneur-targets-US-with-artisan-vodka-made-from-spuds.html) Mosaic. Available at www.experian.com Neumeier M, 2007, The Brand Gap, How To Bridge the Distance Between Business Strategy and Design, A Visual Presentation [online] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/coolstuff/the-brand-gap
  • 20. 20 of 20 ANY QUESTIONS OR QUERIES?

Editor's Notes

  1. Hi all, today I’m going to talk about my case study. My case study is about the rebranding of ‘Chase Vodka’ and what it did for the product and the business
  2. A bit about the business. It’s owned by William Chase, based on his potato farm in Herefordshire. This is the process involved with making the vodka. It’s all done on the farm. There’s no outsourcing. A majority of things are done by hand
  3. The spirit & liquers market is worth £8.2mil and vodka accounts for 34.2% of entire market. It’s the best selling spirit and is highly popular agmonst us Brits.. Here’s our beloved Prince Harry showing us how much he likes vodka.
  4. Chase sold his Crisps brand to a private equity firm for £40mil. One of the conditions of the deal was to rename the vodka he had been producing. As they didn’t want “posh” crisps to be associated with vodka. READ THE QUOTE OUT…
  5. So it was a great time to think of repositioning the brand.Do they go premium? Or value vodka? Which one is going to be the most lucrative considering all the production costs involved
  6. How were they going to sell their premium vodka?Selling: features, benefits, experience and identification… i.e you are premium, and you can drink premium vodka etcetcI.e you’re special too!
  7. Who? The urban types, mature crowd, Living near the cities working in highly paid jobs with established careers.
  8. Urban types make at least £25k (one member of family). High disposable incomes