Income inequality, as measured by state Gini coefficients, is associated with greater rates of tooth loss even after controlling for individual and state-level factors. Data from the 2008 Behavioral and Risk Factor Surveillance System on adults age 18 and older in the US showed a relationship between higher Gini coefficients in states and increased self-reported tooth loss among residents. The study analyzed the effect of income inequality on tooth loss while adjusting for potential confounding variables and mediators at both the state and individual level.