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2011 plan stock health 2. recap on pests, predators and diseases
- 1. SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management Recap: Fish Health Management August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 1
- 2. Stock health management • A wide variety of parasites and pathogens can and do infect fish • Most disease agents are naturally present in low numbers • NOT usually a problem… but… August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 2
- 3. Stock health management • Disease rarely results from simple contact between the fish and a pathogen… • Example 1: • 1995 & ‘98 pilchard kill: August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 3 SARDI
- 4. Stock health management • Disease rarely results from simple contact between the fish and a pathogen… • Example 2: • 2006 Abalone Viral Ganglioneuritis: August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 4 VADA
- 5. Stock health management • Disease rarely results from simple contact between the fish and a pathogen… • Environmental problems, such as poor water quality, or other stressors often contribute to the outbreak of disease August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 5
- 6. Stock health management • Environmental problems, such as poor water quality, or other stressors often contribute to the outbreak of disease August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 6
- 7. Stock health management • Case Study 1 • Chile's salmonid farming industry, second only to Norway August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 7 http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/427/chile-salmon-and-trout-report-april-2008
- 8. Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) 2007 http://en.mercopress.com/2009/10/27/chilean-salmon-industry-expects-worst-production-ever-in-2010 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 8 management - Introduction
- 9. Stock health management • Case Study 1 • Chile's salmonid farming industry, second only to Norway • 2008 -> 750,000 T • 2010 -> half that • Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) Caligus (sea lice) Plan stock health management - Introduction August 10 SFIAQUA505B 9
- 10. Abandoned farms http://www.ourrivers.ca/video-library-mainmenu-29/salmon-farming-chile SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 10 management - Introduction
- 11. Abandoned boats and equipment http://www.ourrivers.ca/video-library-mainmenu-29/salmon-farming-chile SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 11 management - Introduction
- 12. Abandoned workers and jobs http://www.ourrivers.ca/video-library-mainmenu-29/salmon-farming-chile SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 12 management - Introduction
- 13. Chile salmonid farming industry 1990 – 2008 RIP • Case Study 1 • Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) • Unsustainable growth • Overcrowding • Poor sanitation practices • Reliance on antibiotics & drugs • Catastrophic losses SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 13 management - Introduction http://en.mercopress.com/2009/10/27/chilean-salmon-industry-expects-worst-production-ever-in-2010
- 14. Stock health management Types of Fish Diseases • There are two broad categories of disease that affect fish, • Infectious and • Non-infectious diseases. August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 14
- 15. Stock health management Types of Fish Diseases • There are two broad categories of disease that affect fish, • Infectious and • Non-infectious diseases. August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 15
- 16. Stock health management Infectious Fish Diseases broadly categorized as: • parasitic • bacterial • viral • fungal diseases August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 16
- 17. Stock health management NON-Infectious Fish Diseases broadly categorized as: • Environmental • Nutritional • Genetic August 10 SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health management - Introduction 17
- 18. Stock health management SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 18 management - Introduction
- 19. Assessment for this Unit * • Case study: – A stock health issue affecting a culture species of your choice (local?) – Prepare a report covering the • Disease • Species • Treatment options • Issues (regulatory etc) • Other * Assessment matrix will be posted on Moodle. As will a Report Template & More detail soon SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 19 management - Introduction
- 20. Assessment for this Unit (cont.) • Case study: • Tuna • Oysters Choose one: • Marine fin-fish Choose a sector that • Abalone interests you, is • Salmonids relevant, preferably one • RAS you can visit… • Hatchery • Other? SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 20 management - Introduction
- 21. SFIAQUA505B Plan stock health August 10 21 management - Introduction
Editor's Notes
- The largest recorded fish kill in Australian waters (the world?) occurred in southern Australia between late 1998 and early 1999. Dead pilchards on the south coast of Western Australia were estimated at 28 000 t. The origin of the infectious agent that caused the massive kill is still unknown although scientists have hypothesised that the herpes virus may have been introduced via imported baitfish.Epidemic was centred in Pt Lincoln at peak of Tuna season.It spread rapidly east and west to Byron Bay NSW and to Geraldton, WA.Up to 5 tonnes per day of frozen imported bait fish fed to 75 tuna cages daily for 5 monthsHerpes-like virus responsible is not destroyed by freezing.
- May 2006 Abalone begin dying in an abalone farm near Port Fairy VIC. Symptoms are unusual.Latest info suggests it is an Australian virus (not exotic) accidentally introduced to the farm with breeding stock from another part of the country (Dr Matt Landos pers. comm.).Exposing a naïve population to a virulent pathogen can do this.The Vic wild abalone (sessile) had never been exposed to this virus (from Tasmania)and are extremely susceptible to it, despite being the same species as the Tas abalone..
- Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms present in the environment or carried by other fish. They are contagious diseases, and some type of treatment may be necessary to control the disease outbreak. Non-infectious diseasescaused by environmental problems, nutritional deficiencies, or genetic anomalies; they are not contagious and usually cannot be cured by medications. Assessment case study: pick either of these
- Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms present in the environment or carried by other fish. They are contagious diseases, and some type of treatment may be necessary to control the disease outbreak. Non-infectious diseasescaused by environmental problems, nutritional deficiencies, or genetic anomalies; they are not contagious and usually cannot be cured by medications.
- Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms present in the environment or carried by other fish. They are contagious diseases, and some type of treatment may be necessary to control the disease outbreak. Non-infectious diseasescaused by environmental problems, nutritional deficiencies, or genetic anomalies; they are not contagious and usually cannot be cured by medications.
- Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms present in the environment or carried by other fish. They are contagious diseases, and some type of treatment may be necessary to control the disease outbreak. Non-infectious diseasescaused by environmental problems, nutritional deficiencies, or genetic anomalies; they are not contagious and usually cannot be cured by medications.