1. Aristotle
Educating the mind without educating the heart is no educating at all.
Everybody knows that death is unavoidable but nobody thinks about it if its not close yet.
Hope is a waking dream.
Well begun is half done.
He who is to be a good ruler must have first been ruled…
Happiness is the setting
of
the soul into its most appropriate spot.
Tolerance and apathy are
the last virtues
of a dying society.
There is only one
way to avoid criticism:do nothing say nothing, and be nothing.
Happiness
depends upon ourselves

2. Summary biography
Aristotle was born in Macedonia.
He was a famous greek
philosopher, scientists and
educator. At the age of 17 he
moved to Athens where he joined
Plato’s academy. He moved to
turkey and spent his time there
instigating science and practically
biology.

3. Aristotle’s 4 causes
• The material cause- refers to the matter or substance that is made
form something ( e.g book is made form papers which is the matter).
• The formal cause-what makes the thing recognisable :its structure,
shape and activity.
• The efficient cause-the cause of the thing coming to exist as it is(it
refers to why that thing exists).
• The final cause- the ultimate reason why thing exists.

4. Plato v Aristotle
• Aristotle’s realism was a rejection of
Plato’s idealism. Plato and Aristotle
each produced a work of political
philosophy. Plato produced the
‘Republic’(focused on the ‘ideal state’
)and Aristotle produced the
‘Politics’(designing a society that
acknowledges human selfishness.
Aristotle was thinking about how we
create a WORKING government,
human selfishness.he calls this state
that is balanced, a state that are really
forced to work together but at the same
time we maintain human
property.Aristotle said: ‘ I would rather
be someone’s cousin in the real sense
than be someone’s son by Plato’s
standards’ where everybody’s
everybody’s son.

5. Prime mover
• Aristotle believed everything was subject to change-“You never step into the same river
twice”Heraclitus- Aristotle agreed with this -everything is subject t change.
• Aristotle thought that there was a chain of ‘causes’ stretching back to something that caused
motion, but remains unmoved itself-he called this ‘prime mover’- “For everything that
changes is something and is changed by something and into something”. Aristotle
believed that change is eternal-there cannot been a first change without some vent to have
happened just before the change. Aristotle calls the source of all movement and change the
‘prime mover’.
• The prime mover is not the efficient cause of the change- its the purpose or reason for
motion.He believed that the prime mover was the final cause. However there is a problem with
calling the final cause GOD as God cannot be changed if God is to remain the unmoved
mover.
• The prime mover causes movement not through “pushing”, but by inspiring or attracting
movement. The prime mover attracts the movers as it is the final goal or purpose towards
which all material things moves towards.
• Aristotle did argued that the prime mover is made of spiritual energy. God’s activity is ‘pure
thought’

6. Judeo- Christian God Vs Aristotle’s Priem mover
Similarities Differences
Aristotle argued that nothing existed before the prime
mover started the chain of causes. Judeo - Christian
God creates the universe from nothing.
the god of the Bible plays an active part
in bringing things being. Aristotle’s
unmoved mover is indifferent to
creation.
Judea - Christian God is an intelligent designer who
crafts a purposeful world. Aristotle also believed that the
universe was a purposeful place.
The God of the Bible is active, willing
things to come into being. Aristotle’s
unmoved mover is passive, causing
things to happen through attraction.
They are both immaterial.
The God of the Bible desires a
relationship with humanity. Aristotle’s
unmoved mover spends eternity
thinking ply of himself.