For 1st year secondary students

1. Unit1
1- Short biography
- Write a paragraph about a famous character.
1- Dr. Ahmed Zewail is famous Egyptian scientist. He lives in California as an American citizen.
He discovered the femto- second in 1997. it is the smallest unit of time. His discovery helps
scientists to produce new and better drugs. He won Franklin Institute Award in 1998. he was
awarded Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1999. he was also awarded the Order of Merit by President
Mubarak. We all very proud of him.
2- Dr. Farouk El Baz is a scientist and a geologist. He is the director of remote sensing at Boston
university in the USA. He is the world greatest expert in remote sensing. Water was found in the

2. Western Desert and in Sinai thanks to photographs which he took from satellite. Dr El Baz
worked on the American Apollo space project, which landed men on the moon.
3- Someone you know well (admire)
- My uncle is a very good man. He isn't famous or rich. He was born in 1950. He is funny and
intelligent. He lives in my home town and works as an engineer in a big factory. I admire him
most because he works hard for his family. He is often tired but he is always happy and cheerful.
He helps his children with their homework. He showed me how to do a lot of things, like first-aid.
He told me about my family in the past. He influenced me greatly so I 'd like to be an engineer like
him
Unit2
4- - (The first paragraph of a story)
Oliver Twist is a very exciting story. It tells us the life story of a poor boy. Oliver grew up in
a workhouse because his mother had died when he was born. Life for the young boy was hard.
When he asked for more food because he was hungry, he was punished. So he ran away to
London. There he met a boy called Jack Dawkins who was in a gang of thieves. An old man,
Fagin, had taught the gang how to be thieves, and Oliver went to live with them.
Unit3
6- A letter
- Write a letter to your friend telling him about your problem with learning English, and asking for
suggestions.
Dear ……..,
How are you? I hope you are doing well. I did very badly in my last English test because I didn't
know enough words and phrases. My parents were very disappointed. The problem is I am terrible at
learning and remembering vocabulary. Do you have any suggestion? I hope you can help me.
Best Wishes
Dear…
Thank you very much for your letter. I felt sad when I read your bad news. I promise to help as
much as I can. I think you should learn few words and phrases in writing every day. Learning a
new words in phrases makes them easier to remember and use. If I were you, I would use
pictures as possible as I can to help me memorize new vocabulary. Why don't you write new
words many times to help you spell difficult words correctly? You could use English learning
tapes to learn how to pronounce words correctly. It might be useful if you write lists of words that
you revise every week. These are my suggestions, I hope you can make use of them.
7- Write a paragraph on " How we can learn a foreign language ":
Learning a foreign language can be enjoyable and funny. You can achieve that if you learn few
words and phrases through interesting texts. If these texts have pictures, they can help you
remember words easily. You can remember how to spell difficult words correctly by writing them
down many times in a vocabulary book. The best way to learn how to pronounce words correctly
is that you can listen to native speakers on TV. And radio. It is helpful to write a list of words that
you want to learn by the end of the week. Using a vocabulary book is important to keep new
words and phrases. You can check new words up in your dictionary to learn their right usage.
You can always ask your friends' advice and help. You can practice new vocabulary, phrases and
expressions.

3. 8- Learning foreign languages (SB 15 / 21)
Learning foreign languages is very important to understand what other nations have
achieved. English in particular is essential because it is the second language all over the world.
We will be able to communicate with anyone from any country in the world. This will enable us to
enjoy the achievements of other countries. We can communicate with people of our age through
the internet. As all people can communicate together, there will be better chance for world peace.
People from different countries can make friends together.
Review A
10- (Friendship or your best friend)
Friendship is a very important value in our lives. A good friend should be honest, co-operative
and wise. Good friends should be frank with each other. Although they don't always agree with
each other, they stay sincere friends. It is important for us to have good friends who support us in
time of need.
I’d like to tell you about my best friend …….. . We’re the same age and I’ve known her/him all my
life. We always played together when we were children. Our families are good friends and
sometimes we all go on holiday together. …… and I go to the same school and we both want to
go to university and become teachers. We like doing the same things. For example, we both
enjoy athletics. But we’re not good at the same school subjects. ………..’s good at science and
maths and I’m better at English. This means I can help him/her with English and he/ she can help
me with maths.
Our characters are not the same. …….. ’s a calm, relaxed person, but I’m the opposite. I get
excited very easily and worry about everything. ………and I don’t always agree with each other:
maybe that’s why we are friends. I hope ………..and I will always be best friends. Maybe we will
become parents and grandparents one day and our children and grandchildren will be best
friends, too.
11- Homeless Children ‫أطفال‬‫الشوارع‬
Homeless children like Oliver Twist, who lived on the streets of English towns and cities in the
time of Charles Dickens, were a real problem for society. This problem is still with us. Experts
think that there are now more than 100 million homeless children on the streets in the world
today. This is not only a problem in poor countries. There are also street children in rich
countries.
There are many different reasons why children live and grow up on the streets. One of the most
common reasons is poverty. Some very poor families who do not have enough money to feed
their children send them away to make a new life for themselves. Some children leave unhappy
homes to live with other children. Other reasons include war and disasters like earthquakes, in
which a child’s parents are killed and children are left to look after themselves.
City streets can be violent, dangerous places and some children become thieves in order to live.
But many street children work hard to build a home for themselves, to make friends and to earn
money.
The problem of homeless street children will not disappear unless we do something about it.
Some homeless children have done well and even become successful in business, but society
needs to protect and look after homeless children to help them have a better future.

4. Unit4-
11- Writ a paraghraph about "A famous athlete":
I am going to talk about one of the best swimmers , Abu-Heif was one of the best Egyptian
athletes ever. In 2001, he won a prize as the best swimmer of the 20th
century. Abdel-Latif Abu-Heif was born in 1929 in the Anfoushi area of Alexandria. His father was
a primary school teacher and Abu-Heif was the tenth of twelve sons in the family. As a boy, he
spent a lot of his time swimming in the sea. At the age of ten, he won the Egyptian primary school
swimming championship. After this, he moved to Cairo and worked with a professional trainer at
al-Ahli Club.
In 1951, Abu-Heif became internationally famous when he swam across the English Channel. In
1953, he crossed the Channel again. This time he broke the record by crossing in 13 hours and
45 minutes. When he returned to Egypt, the people welcomed him as a national hero.
Abu-Heif continued to train for seven hours a day and to swim in long-distance races ‫سباقات‬
‫المسافات‬‫الطويلة‬ all over the world. In 1963, in Toronto, he beat Harry William, one of the greatest
swimmers in the world. In the same year, he won the Montreal swimming race after he swam for
30 hours without a break. All the other swimmers had given up because they were exhausted.
Egypt was so proud of its world-famous swimmer that they gave his name to a beach at al-
Anfoushi.
In 1966, Abu-Heif decided to retire from swimming. However, President Nasser asked him to
think again. So Abu-Heif continued to swim and win prizes.
Abu-Heif was also famous for his generosity. He gave his prize money for swimming the English
Channel to the family of a British swimmer who had drowned while he was crossing the Channel.
He also gave money to the family of a French swimmer who injured his back during a race in
France. Abu-Heif died in April 2008.
12 - How do you spend your free time? (SB 21)
Free time is a gift which should be used wisely. I invest my to improve my abilities by
learning new things. When I am free I follow new computer programs, read more about my school
subjects, do my favourite sport or listen to music. All famous and successful people advise us to
make the best use of our free time. So, I invest my free time to add up new good skills.
Sometimes I work in my free time to make some money.
13 - What are your favourite sports? (SB 21) A sport you have played:(SB 22)
Sport is very important in forming one's mind, character and body. My favourite sports are
football and body building. I like football because I find it exciting. Football matches are enjoyable
and interesting. Body building is important to be fit and in a good shape. It gives me self-trust to
do hard tasks. All my family members are sporty.
14 - A historical place you have visited. (SB 22)
Luxor is one of the most famous historical cities in Egypt. There are many beautiful
temples and tombs. There are Al-Karnak and Abu-Simbel temples. There are also the valley of
the queens and the valley of the kings. These are very ancient and most famous historical sites in
the world.
There are amazing huge statues of ancient Egyptian Pharaohs. It is really an interesting city in
Egypt that all of us should visit.
Unit5-
15 - Dangerous jobs (SB 29)
Some jobs are dangerous because they may cause you injury or death. Firemen, soldiers,
policemen and astronauts are people who may face danger. The dangers they face sometimes
are great, but they welcome them. They enjoy they their work and the fact that they offer
humanity great services. The reasons why some people like these jobs are various. Some people

5. are adventures by nature. They adore doing things that need risk. Others are fond of helping
people so that they can feel happier. Some people look for greater income. Others want to be
popular.
16- A story summary – news story
- Man's fight against nature. - Lost for a week in the desert.
A team of six archaeologists, who are interested in discovering ancient tombs, have been lost in
the desert. They received orders to go to the western desert to look for an ancient tomb. They
went on an expedition last week with a nomad as a guide. The surviving team said there was a
desert storm on the first day. Their guide disappeared and they didn't know what to do. For seven
days they slept in a cave during the day and looked for food in the evening. They had to eat
desert rabbits and rats. They were finally found by a rescue team last night.
Unit6-
17- "Cars and Pollution" "SB p. 35/ WB p. 28"
Cars are important means of transport both inside and outside cities. However the increasing
level of pollution specially in industrial countries made governments think of solutions to decrease
pollution. One of these solutions is a suggestion that people can use their cars for four days a
week.
- One advantage of this suggestion is that gas fumes will be decreased. Another advantage cities
will quiet and more beautiful when they aren’t jammed with traffic. There are also disadvantage to
this suggestion. In my opinion private cars save time and effort for business men. I think some
people can't use public transport for many reasons. This means that we should adjust the
suggestion to suit everyone.
18- Industry and Pollution:
Industry is very important in our life. We can't do without it. However the problem with industry
is that it depends oil which increases pollution. The more the volume of industry increases, the
more volume of pollution increases. Big cities suffer from high levels of pollution which affect
people's health. Perhaps we should use other forms of clean energy like solar energy and wind
power.
One day we might be able to do without oil to decrease pollution.
19- Pollution and its effects on the environment (SB 33)
Pollution is the worst enemy against all living things. It affects the environment badly. The
badly maintained vehicles, the smoke from factories and the heavy smoke from volcanoes
causes air pollution. Too much use of insecticides affects our corps. Water pollution caused by
throwing chemicals waste into rivers and seas destroys marine life. Strict measures should be
taken by governments to eliminate pollution in
all times.
20- Forms of natural energy: (WB 27)
Natural energy forms like the sun, the wind and the water are very important to us. These
forms of energy are renewable, clean and cheap. People can get them for ever. They do no harm
to the environment. They are also cheaper than other forms of energy like fossil fuels. In the
future there will be no more oil, coal and natural gas. We have to get ready to depend on the sun,
wind, and water as a resources of energy.
21 - Modern inventions (SB 31)
Scientific wonders.
There are many amazing modern invention in our world. There will be more amazing
inventions in tomorrow's world. Today we have remote sensing which helps us locate
underground water and valuable deposits. Computers helps us to solve difficult problems and
store information. Cars are supplied with satellite navigation systems to guide them. Astronauts
are capable of walking on the surface of the moon and other planets. In addition to all that there
are communication satellites, jet planes and mobile phones.
(7)

6. Review B-
22- - The house / place where I live (SB 36)
I live in a small town, in upper Egypt. My house lies in a nice area. My neighbours are nice
people. They are funny and friendly. They always invite me to their parties. My house is by the
bus stop. It is near my school. There are many facilities nearby. There is a cinema in front of our
house and youth club behind it.
23- What qualities are needed for important jobs?
Important jobs need special qualities. A doctor needs to be patient and intelligent. A nurse needs
to be kind-hearted and hard working. An officer needed to be decisive and determined. A fireman
needs to be brave and careful. A scientist need to be accurate and persistant . a teacher needs to
be cheerful and helpful
Unit7-
24- How to keep healthy and safe?
How to avoid illness? Rules of cleanliness.
1- Cleanliness is very important because it protects us from infections. Cleanliness includes
hygiene "personal cleanliness" and sanitation "public cleanliness". Bad hygiene causes many
stomach infections and bad sanitation leads to spread of viruses. We should follow rules of
hygiene such as washing hands before meals, having a shower at least twice a day, keeping food
covered to stop files landing on it and boiling water before drinking it. We should follow rules of
sanitation such as cleaning restaurants, schools and cinemas and sanitizing hospitals. Parents
should teach children rules of hygiene and sanitation to protect them from infections.
25- Write a paragraph of seven sentences giving advice through set of instructions about
driving. Or How can you keep safe on the roads? Or what should you do to be a safe driver?
In every country, every year, there is an increasing number of road victims. The number of car
accidents is increasing. There have been solutions to this problem, but
there are no concrete results, yet. One of these solutions is new traffic laws which punish lazy
rash drivers. Another solution is teaching children from an early age about safe driving. Every
driver or motorist should follow safe driving rules to protect his life and others` lives. He shouldn't
use mobile phone while driving. A driver should always tie his seat belt. He mustn't drive at high
speed. He must have all equipment needed for accidents. A driver must have his car checked
regularly. Finally follow traffic signs and obey traffic lights.
26- What must you do to be a good: (SB 42)
1- Egyptian
2- a friendly neighbour
3- a student
To be a good Egyptian I must do a lot of things. Firstly, I should do my best in my work.
Secondly , I should encourage development plans and take part in achieving them. Thirdly, I
should do all I can to keep the picture of my country clean and bright. There are also few little
things which everyone can do. We should all work together to keep our country clean and
healthy. We can grow plants and trees in front of our houses to make our country look more
beautiful.
To be a friendly neighbour, Firstly, I should share my neighbours their sad and happy occasions.
Secondly, I shouldn't disturb them in any way either by making noise or dropping litter in front of
their houses. Thirdly, we should have mutual visit and invitations to meals from time to time.
To be a good student, I should do the following. Firstly, I should do all my best to learn well. I
should be quiet in class, organised in work and polite . I should behave well with my teachers and
classmates. Secondly, I should manage my time and effort wisely. I should divide my time fairly

7. among my school subjects. Thirdly, I should listen to my parents' and teachers' advice. All these
things will make me benefit from time well.
Unit8-
27- Write a story about learning from past mistakes (wb 40)
King Lear decides to give up his country because he is old. He wants to know from his
daughters how much they love him. Goneril and Regan tell their father that they love him much
more than they really do. Cordelia is sent to France because she doesn't know how to describe
her love for her father. King Lear makes a terrible mistake, he gives his country and money to his
two daughters who don't really love
him. The truth about Goneril and Regan is that they said that they loved their father so that they
could have his money and his country; they don`t love him at all. King Lear wanders around the
country with his last two good friends until they arrive in Dover. Cordelia comes to England with
French soldiers to try to save her father and take his country back from her two sisters. English
soldiers arrive in Dover and beat the French; Cordelia and Lear are captured and taken to prison.
Cordelia tells her father how much she really loves him when they are captured and taken to
prison.
28- Write a paragraph about the job you'd like.
I would like to be a tourist guide. I like this job because I enjoy being with foreigners. I am good at
English, German and French. I am always cheerful, co-operative and patient. I am
knowledgeable about our history and historic places. I like to show tourist the greatness of our
civilization. I am also fond of learning about other countries. A tourist guide can be a peace maker
among different nationalities
Unit9-
29- Write a paragraph on traveling abroad: TG. 134, 139
Most young men are interested in travelling abroad. They like to see much of the world around
them. Travel helps them to gain knowledge and experience in life. It teaches them to depend on
themselves and develop their personality. Travel to foreign countries gives them the chance to
know the customs of their peoples and the progress they have achieved. They can visit the
symbols of every city and know their history. Travelling abroad is important to achieve peace
between peoples as they can understand each other better.
30- "The advantages and disadvantages of "life in a big city" SB 51/54
Life in a big city is not as attractive as it looks. It has advantages and disadvantages. There
are a lot of entertainment, sports and transport facilities. You can get your needs at any time, day
and night. You can get the best education in famous universities. Yet some people don't like life
in a big city. The cost of living is high, the traffic is overcrowded and the air is polluted. Moreover
stress and speed of city life cause a lot of diseases.
31- Why is it important for tourists to visit Egypt?
How can we help tourists enjoy their stay / visit in Egypt?
- It is important for tourists from all over the world to visit Egypt to see its wonderful historic
treasures. Many tourists take a Nile cruise stopping at Luxor to visit the famous tombs in valley of
kings and in the valley of queens. They can visit the fantastic temples of El Karnak and Abu-
Simble. In Cairo there are many things which tourists can enjoy. They can buy souvenirs at Khan
El Khalili market. They can also visit the pyramids at Giza.
- We can help the tourists enjoy their visit / stay in Cairo by doing many things. Firstly, they
should see our country clean and beautiful from the moment they reach
Cairo Airport. We can do that by cleaning the streets and planting trees on sides of roads.
Secondly, we can prepare the safe, wide roads, the comfortable clean means of transport and the
luxurious hotels. These things can make tourists feel happy. Thirdly, tourists should feel
welcomed, loved and celebrated. Our citizens should be kind to tourists and treat them friendly.
32- The importance of tourism:

8. Tourism is one of the most important source of our national income. It is the second earner
of hard currency after petroleum products. It creates a lot of jobs for the youth. It builds and
strengthens friendly ties among nations. Tourism can take part in promoting peace in the world by
developing understanding between peoples. As a result , we should encourage tourism by
building more comfortable hotels and increasing the citizens’ awareness ( explaining to them how
to treat tourists )
Review C-
33- What people in your town can do to help the environment?
The main problems that face big cities are heavy traffic, air pollution and litter those problems
have bad effects on the environments. They affect people's health. There are steps that should
be taken to treat these problems. Firstly; people should use public transport more often and car
parking should be outside cities. Secondly; means of transport should use clean fuel and
factories should be moved outside cities. Thirdly; there should be bins in every street and the
litters should be collected and recycled. Lows should be issued to punish those who violate these
rules. That how we can help the environment for our safety.
34- Public transport for and against ( advantages and disadvantages (SB 60)
There are advantages and disadvantages for public transport. People who are for public transport
say that the advantages are: firstly; they are cheap for everyone. Secondly; passengers can sit
down, relax and enjoy their time reading or listening to music. Thirdly; public transport can help
the environment to reduce air pollution. People who are against public transport say that the
disadvantages are: firstly; buses are slow and take a long time as the street are full of traffic.
Secondly; some bus drivers don't stop at bus stops and most of them are late. Thirdly; the
underground stations are not available everywhere. However, we should treat the disadvantages
of public transport to encourage more people to use them. That will be better for both the
environments and our health.
35- bad habits; smoking, and overeating (SB 56)
There are bad habits that can harm man's health. Some of them are smoking, overeating. We'll
discuss each of them in detail:
Smoking is a very harmful habit not only for smokers but also for those who sit with them.
Researches have proved that smoking is responsible for many dangerous diseases. Heart
disorders, lung cancer and respiratory diseases. It is great that there are laws that ban smoking in
public places.
Overeating is another bad habit. It can lead to many diseases, such as obesity, blood pressure
and arteries disorders. People who eat too much fats carbohydrates and sugar are liable to
serious diseases. People should eat more vegetables and fruit to keep healthy. They should also
take exercise to keep fit.