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Sacred, Political, and Vernacular Music in Colonial America




         Sons of Liberty disposing of tea in Boston Harbor, December 16, 1773
Pilgrims with Native American, 17th Century
Frances Densmore (1867-1957) with an Indian chief
Reverend Henry Ainsworth (1571-1622)
The Book of Psalms: Englished Both in Prose and Metre (1612)
        “Old Hundred” from “The Ainsworth Psalter”




                           Psalm 100 1Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all ye lands. 2Serve the
                           LORD with gladness: come before his presence with singing. 3Know ye
                           that the LORD he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves;
                           we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture. 4Enter into his gates with
                           thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise: be thankful unto him, and
                           bless his name. 5For the LORD is good; his mercy is everlasting; and his
                           truth endureth to all generations. --King James Version
Ignacio de Jerúsalem (1707-69), Mass in D Major (1750s) - Kyrie
Written as chapel master of Mexico City Cathedral between 1749-1769
The Catholic Mass


              Kyrie (text below)
                 Kyrie eleison
                 Christe eleison
                 Kyrie eleison
              Gloria
              Credo
              Sanctus
              Agnus dei




Interior of Mexico City Cathedral
John Dickinson (1732-1808),
      Liberty Song, 1768
      Broadside Ballad
Come, join hand in hand, brave Americans all,
And rouse your bold hearts at fair Liberty’s call;
No tyrannous acts shall suppress your just claim,
Or stain with dishonor America's name.

Chorus:In Freedom we’re born and in Freedom we’ll live.Our
    purses are ready.
    Steady, friends, steady;Not as slaves, but as Freemen our
    money we’ll give.                                           William Boyce (1711-1779), Heart of Oak, ca. 1759
                                                                Come, cheer up, my lads, 'tis to glory we steer,To add something
Our worthy forefathers, let’s give them a cheer,                more to this wonderful year;To honour we call you, as freemen not
To climates unknown did courageously steer;                     slaves,For who are so free as the sons of the waves
Thro’ oceans to deserts for Freedom they came,                  Chorus: Heart of oak are our ships, jolly tars are our men,we
And dying, bequeath’d us their freedom and fame. Chorus         always are ready; Steady, boys, steady!
We'll fight and we'll
                                                                conquer again and again.
The tree their own hands had to Liberty rear’d.                 We ne'er see our foes but we wish them to stay,They never see us
They lived to behold growing strong and revered;                but they wish us away;If they run, why we follow and run them
With transport they cried, Now our wishes we gain,              ashore,And if they won't fight us, what can we do more. Chorus
For our children shall gather the fruits of our pain. Chorus    We still make them feel and we still make them flee,and drub them
                                                                at shore as we drub them at sea,so cheer up me lads with one heart
Then join hand in hand, brave Americans all,                    let us sing,oh soldiers and sailors, our statesmen and king. Chorus
By uniting we stand, by dividing we fall;
In so righteous a cause let us hope to succeed,
For heaven approves of each generous deed. Chorus
William Billings (1746-1800), The New England Psalm Singer/American Chorister (1770)
                                      “Chester”
                                            Let tyrants shake their iron rod
                                            And Slav’ry clank her galling chains
                                            We fear them not, we trust in God,
                                            New England's God forever reigns.

                                            Howe and Burgoyne and Clinton too,
                                            With Prescot and Cornwalis join’d,
                                            Together plot our Overthrow,
                                            In one Infernal league combin’d.

                                            When God inspir’d us for the fight,
                                            Their ranks were broke, their lines were forc’d,
                                            Their ships were Shatter’d in our sight,
                                            Or swiftly driven from our Coast.

                                            The Foe comes on with haughty Stride;
                                            Our troops advance with martial noise,
                                            Their Vet’rans flee before our Youth,
                                            And Gen’rals yield to beardless Boys.

                                            What grateful Offring shall we bring?
                                            What shall we render to the Lord?
                                            Loud Halleluiahs let us Sing,
                                            And praise his name on ev’ry Chord.
Psalm 54
1 Save me, O God, by your name; vindicate me by your might. 2 Hear my
   prayer, O God; listen to the words of my mouth. 3 Arrogant foes are
   attacking me; ruthless people are trying to kill me people without regard
   for God. 4 Surely God is my help; the Lord is the one who sustains me. 5
   Let evil recoil on those who slander me; in your faithfulness destroy them. 6
   I will sacrifice a freewill offering to you; I will praise your name, LORD, for
   it is good. 7 You have delivered me from all my troubles, and my eyes have
   looked in triumph on my foes.
Francis Hopkinson (1737-91), “My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free”
                       Voice and Harpsichord
                    First American Secular Song


My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free
Text by Thomas Parnell

My days have been so wondrous free,the
little birds that flywith careless ease from
treeto tree were but as blest as I.

Ask gliding waters if a tearof mine
increased their stream. And ask the
breathing gales if e'erI lent a sigh to them.

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Sacred Political Vernacular, Colonial Era

  • 1. Sacred, Political, and Vernacular Music in Colonial America Sons of Liberty disposing of tea in Boston Harbor, December 16, 1773
  • 2. Pilgrims with Native American, 17th Century
  • 3. Frances Densmore (1867-1957) with an Indian chief
  • 4. Reverend Henry Ainsworth (1571-1622) The Book of Psalms: Englished Both in Prose and Metre (1612) “Old Hundred” from “The Ainsworth Psalter” Psalm 100 1Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all ye lands. 2Serve the LORD with gladness: come before his presence with singing. 3Know ye that the LORD he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture. 4Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise: be thankful unto him, and bless his name. 5For the LORD is good; his mercy is everlasting; and his truth endureth to all generations. --King James Version
  • 5. Ignacio de Jerúsalem (1707-69), Mass in D Major (1750s) - Kyrie Written as chapel master of Mexico City Cathedral between 1749-1769
  • 6. The Catholic Mass Kyrie (text below) Kyrie eleison Christe eleison Kyrie eleison Gloria Credo Sanctus Agnus dei Interior of Mexico City Cathedral
  • 7. John Dickinson (1732-1808), Liberty Song, 1768 Broadside Ballad Come, join hand in hand, brave Americans all, And rouse your bold hearts at fair Liberty’s call; No tyrannous acts shall suppress your just claim, Or stain with dishonor America's name. Chorus:In Freedom we’re born and in Freedom we’ll live.Our purses are ready. Steady, friends, steady;Not as slaves, but as Freemen our money we’ll give. William Boyce (1711-1779), Heart of Oak, ca. 1759 Come, cheer up, my lads, 'tis to glory we steer,To add something Our worthy forefathers, let’s give them a cheer, more to this wonderful year;To honour we call you, as freemen not To climates unknown did courageously steer; slaves,For who are so free as the sons of the waves Thro’ oceans to deserts for Freedom they came, Chorus: Heart of oak are our ships, jolly tars are our men,we And dying, bequeath’d us their freedom and fame. Chorus always are ready; Steady, boys, steady!
We'll fight and we'll conquer again and again. The tree their own hands had to Liberty rear’d. We ne'er see our foes but we wish them to stay,They never see us They lived to behold growing strong and revered; but they wish us away;If they run, why we follow and run them With transport they cried, Now our wishes we gain, ashore,And if they won't fight us, what can we do more. Chorus For our children shall gather the fruits of our pain. Chorus We still make them feel and we still make them flee,and drub them at shore as we drub them at sea,so cheer up me lads with one heart Then join hand in hand, brave Americans all, let us sing,oh soldiers and sailors, our statesmen and king. Chorus By uniting we stand, by dividing we fall; In so righteous a cause let us hope to succeed, For heaven approves of each generous deed. Chorus
  • 8. William Billings (1746-1800), The New England Psalm Singer/American Chorister (1770) “Chester” Let tyrants shake their iron rod And Slav’ry clank her galling chains We fear them not, we trust in God, New England's God forever reigns. Howe and Burgoyne and Clinton too, With Prescot and Cornwalis join’d, Together plot our Overthrow, In one Infernal league combin’d. When God inspir’d us for the fight, Their ranks were broke, their lines were forc’d, Their ships were Shatter’d in our sight, Or swiftly driven from our Coast. The Foe comes on with haughty Stride; Our troops advance with martial noise, Their Vet’rans flee before our Youth, And Gen’rals yield to beardless Boys. What grateful Offring shall we bring? What shall we render to the Lord? Loud Halleluiahs let us Sing, And praise his name on ev’ry Chord.
  • 9. Psalm 54 1 Save me, O God, by your name; vindicate me by your might. 2 Hear my prayer, O God; listen to the words of my mouth. 3 Arrogant foes are attacking me; ruthless people are trying to kill me people without regard for God. 4 Surely God is my help; the Lord is the one who sustains me. 5 Let evil recoil on those who slander me; in your faithfulness destroy them. 6 I will sacrifice a freewill offering to you; I will praise your name, LORD, for it is good. 7 You have delivered me from all my troubles, and my eyes have looked in triumph on my foes.
  • 10. Francis Hopkinson (1737-91), “My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free” Voice and Harpsichord First American Secular Song My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free Text by Thomas Parnell My days have been so wondrous free,the little birds that flywith careless ease from treeto tree were but as blest as I. Ask gliding waters if a tearof mine increased their stream. And ask the breathing gales if e'erI lent a sigh to them.