From iOS to Android

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
From iOS To Android(or reverse)
José Manuel Ortega Candel
@jmortegac
http://www.linkedin.com/jmortega1

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
https://speakerdeck.com/jmortega/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
ARCHITECTURE / iOS / ANDROID
TOOLS XCODE vs ANDROID STUDIO
APPLICATIONS / PERMISSIONS / PRIVACY
USER INTERFACE
STATIC ANALYSIS CODE / TESTING
CERTIFICATES AND SIGNING
EMULATORS / MEMORY MANAGEMENT/ DATABASE
APP PUBLISHING / DEVELOPER LIBRARIES

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
ARCHITECTURE

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Architecture
DALVIK
ART
Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation
Ahead-Of-Time (AOT) Compilation
Cache builds up over time
Boot times are faster
Cache is built at first boot Rebooting device takes significantly longer
Apps compiled when executed
Stores Compiled Apps
Consumes much more internal storage space

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Architecture

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
TOOLS

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IDES
Android
iOS
https://developer.android.com/sdk/ installing/studio.html
APPCode
http://www.jetbrains.com/objc/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
on Android Studio
InteliJ IDE Based
Maven based Build Dependency
Combines Ant && Maven / Gradle Tasks

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Studio
Templates

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Studio
Project settings

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XCode
Provides multiple ios app templates

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Xcode Project
Testing on device
Base SDK

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Interface Builder

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Instruments on iOS
Debugging, performance analysis, and testing
Real-time CPU, memory, disk, energy, and network usage
Threads, network, and energy usage
I/O system and thread activity
Allows detecting memory leaks

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
APPLICATIONS

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Applications

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Layout Manager+ Device Preview

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Applications
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);}
}
public static void invokeWebBrowser(Activity activity){
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.google.com"));
activity.startActivity(intent);
}
Activity
Intents [Explicit,Implicits]
Services
Content Providers[Sharing data between apps]
Fragments from 3.0

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android components

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android’s RecyclerView
Adapter
ViewHolder
LayoutManager
ItemDecoration
ItemAnimator
https://developer.android.com/training/material/lists-cards.html

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Navigation Drawer

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Layout Systems
UINavigationBar
UITableView
TextView
TextView
LinearLayout
TextView
TextView

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
LifeCycle Applications

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
LifeCycle Applications
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
self.window.rootViewController = self.navigationController;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
return YES;
}

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
C
Objective –C,[message passing]
Swift
PlayGround for leaning Swift
Programming with Objetive-C in windows/ linux
http://www.gnustep.org/
https://developer.apple.com/swift

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Objective-C vs Swift
NSString *string = @“hello”;
let string = "hello" as NSString
let s: NSString = "hello"
var string: NSString = "hello"
string= "Hello"
NSLog(@“This is a string”);
println("This is a string");
NSArray *myArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@“string1", @“string2", nil];
var myArray = [“string1", "string2"]
var myArray : [String] = [“string1", "string2"]

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
@synthesize will generate getter and setter methods for your @property
@interface MyObject:NSObject {
NSString *_name;
}
@property (nonatomic,assign) NSString* name;
@end
@implementation MyObject
@synthesize name = _ name;
@end

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
UIKit Framework
UIButton
UILabel
UIImageView
UITextField
UIPickerView
UIWindow
UIView
UIViewController
NSObject,NSString,NSMutableString, NSDate,NSNumber
Collections(NSArray, NSDictionary, NSSet,NSEnumerator)
Foundation Framework

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
UIViewController is the parent for view Controllers

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
Organizer

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
Snippets in XCode

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface MyViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>{
IBOutlet UITableView *table;
NSMutableData *dataReceive;
}
@property(nonatomic,assign) NSMutableData *dataReceive;
@end
UIViewController interface MyViewController.h
implementation MyViewController.m
@implementation MyViewController
@synthesize dataReceive,table;
- (void)viewDidLoad{
[super viewDidLoad];
NSURL *url = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@“url"];
self.dataReceive = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
}

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
UINavigationController

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Applications
UINavigationController
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"MainStoryboard" bundle:nil];
//Recuperamos el ViewController
UIViewController *rootViewController = [storyboard instantiateInitialViewController];
// Creamos un UINavigationController, que se encargará de controlar y almacenar los distintos viewControllers de nuestra aplicación.
UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:rootViewController];
//Asignamos el navigationController como principal.
self.window.rootViewController = navigationController; return YES;
}
-(IBAction)goToPantalla2:(id)sender {
UIStoryboard *storyBoard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"MainStoryboard" bundle:nil];
//Obtenemos el controlador con Identifier "Pantalla2"
Pantalla2ViewController *pantalla2Controller = [storyBoard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"Pantalla2"];
//Lanzamos el controlador en el navigation de forma animada: [self.navigationController pushViewController:pantalla2Controller animated:YES]; }

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Design patterns on iOS Applications
MVC
Target-action
Delegate and protocols
A delegate is an object that control of the user interface for that event.

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
ViewPager / UIPageViewController
Swipe gesture

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Multilanguage
NSString *localizedString = NSLocalizedString(@"Hello",@“DefaultString");

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Certificates and Signing
Android
iOS
Self-signed certificate
Apps are signed by developers
Apple certificate
Apps are signed by Apple
Java Keytool
Generate a distribution provisioning profile
Export + Sign APK
iOS Provisioning Portal
Debug and distribution certificate
App ID (unique ID of your app)
Set of device unique identifiers
Developer certificate

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Studio
Export + Sign APK

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
PERMISSIONS

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Permissions on Android
AndroidManifest.xml
Protection mechanism to interact with other applications
<uses--‐permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses--‐permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses--‐permission
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Permissions on iOS
oDeclare your application requirements in its manifest-like Info.plist. This is used only for ensuring device compatibility.
oUIRequiredDeviceCapabilities allows you to list ’hardware-like’ capabilities that your app needs.
oAppStore reads this information for filter installer devices.

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Permissions on iOS
Privacy Analysis Tools for iOs Applications
patia.unileon.es

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Privacy
Permission Manager

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
USER INTERFACE

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Evolution

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Material design
Minimalist and consistency
Transitions, animiations
Cards
https://developer.android.com/training/material/get-started.html

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Ldrawer
https://github.com/kanytu/android-material-drawer-template
https://github.com/IkiMuhendis/LDrawer
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<style name="AppTheme" parent="android:Theme.Material.Light">
<item name="android:colorPrimary">
@color/primary</item>
<item name="android:colorPrimaryDark">
@color/primary_dark</item>
<item name="android:colorAccent">
@color/accent</item>
<item name="android:textColorPrimary">
@color/text_primary</item>
<item name="android:textColor">
@color/text_secondary</item>
<item name="android:navigationBarColor">
@color/primary_dark</item> </style> </resources>

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
https://github.com/google/iosched

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Fragments
Fragment is a chunk of user interface with its own life cycle.
Fragment must exist within an Activity
Interaction with fragments is done through FragmentManager
Fragment API was introduced in API 11
http://developer.android.com/tools/support-library

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android Fragments

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS
Master-Detail template
UISplitViewController

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Notifications

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
STATIC ANALYSIS CODE

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Static analysis code on Android Studio
Inspect Profile
Lint

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Static analysis code on Java projects
SonarQube
Sonnar-runner

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Static analysis code on XCode
Static Analyzer
Detect memory leaks

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
TESTING

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Mobile Application Testing
TYPES
Unit Testing
Functionality Testing
Integration Testing
Regression
Load Testing
Stress Testing
Performance
Usability Testing

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Mobile Application Testing

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
CheckList
Rotating the screen
Behavior of when network is not available
Navigation between screens
Behavior of app if app is running for longer period of time and checking memory

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Testing on Android
Unit & Integration,TDD
 Junit
RoboElectric
Acceptance,BDD
RobotiumTesting User Interface
Calabash

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Unit testing on iOS
XCTest
#import <XCTest/XCTest.h>
#import “TestObject.h"
@interface TestOjectLogicTests : XCTestCase {
@private
TestObject *object;
}
@end

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
EMULATORS

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Emulator vs Simulator
Android
iOS
Emulator
Simulator
Very slow integrated with SDK
Integrated with Xcode
Emulates hardware and software
Simulates only software
Launched apps are equal binaries from the apps compiled for Device CPU
Launched apps are different binaries from the apps compiled for Device CPU

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Genymotion
Integration with Eclipse and Android Studio
MULTI OS Compatible with Linux,Windows and Mac
Requires VirtualBox

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Alternatives
http://jimulabs.com/ for Android live preview
https://appthwack.com/ for testing in the cloud with real devices

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
MEMORY MANAGEMENT

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android
Handles memory management automatically
Garbage Collector
iOS
release, retain, autorelease
ARC(Automatic Reference Counting)
Developer maintain the count number for each object
Destroys object when reference counting become 0
@autoreleasepool
With ARC, compiler set this methods where its necessary

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
ARC
Migrating to ARC
Project Build Settings

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
DATA PERSISTENCE

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android
iOS
SQLite
android.database.sqlite
Tables and relations
Core Data
Objects
DataModel
Content Providers
/data/data/<Application-Package> /databases/<database-name> Only acces with root
DataModel editor in Xcode for register objects and their relationships

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS Core Data

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Alernatives
http://realm.io/
Android and iOS
Object-oriented API
C++ Core

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
SHARED ACTIONS

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:id="@+id/share"
android:title="@string/share"
android:showAsAction="ifRoom"
android:actionProviderClass="android.widget.ShareActionProvider"/>
</menu>
private ShareActionProvider mShareActionProvider;
mShareActionProvider.setShareIntent(getDefaultShareIntent());
private Intent getDefaultShareIntent(){
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); //IMPLICIT INTENT
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,"Extra Text");
return intent;}

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
iOS
- (IBAction)shareButton:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender
{
NSString *textToShare = @“textToShare";
UIImage *imageToShare = [UIImage imageNamed:@"yourImage.png"];
NSURL *myWebsite = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.example.com/"];
NSArray *objectsToShare = @[textToShare, imageToShare ,myWebsite];
UIActivityViewController *activityVC = [[UIActivityViewController alloc] initWithActivityItems:objectsToShare applicationActivities:nil];
NSArray *excludeActivities = @[UIActivityTypeAirDrop,UIActivityTypePrint];
activityVC.excludedActivityTypes = excludeActivities;
[self presentViewController:activityVC animated:YES completion:nil];
}
UIActivityViewController

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
CHECK CONNECTIVITY

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Check connectivity on Android
ConnectivityManager
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
public static boolean checkConnectivity(Context context) {
ConnectivityManager cm =(ConnectivityManager)context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
return activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnectedOrConnecting();
}

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Check connectivity on iOS
Reachability
internetReach = [[Reachability reachabilityForInternetConnection] retain];
[internetReach startNotifier];
if([internetReach currentReachabilityStatus] == ReachableViaWWAN) {
// Tenemos conexión a Internet
}
wifiReach = [[Reachability reachabilityForLocalWiFi] retain];
[wifiReach startNotifier];
if([wifiReach currentReachabilityStatus] == ReachableViaWiFi) {
// Estamos conectados mediante Wi-Fi
}

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
APP PUBLISHING

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Android
iOS
Google requires a one time fee of US$25
iOS Developer Program
$99 /year
Greater capacity for monetization
Google play + Publish in other stores like Amazon,Opera
AppStore
Alpha/beta testing before put in production
Upload to store in 30 min
Review process 5-7 days
Android Developer Console
Beta Testing
http://ibetatest.com/
http://testflightapp.com/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Distribution

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Developers Library

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Async connections
iOS
Thread managed by NSURLConnection
Android
Services, AsyncTask
Libraries for Android
Otto Event Bus,RoboSpice
http://square.github.io/otto/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.desarrollodroide.repos
Android libraries with demos in GP

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/navigation/
iOS Developer library

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
Classes comparative
iOS
Android
Base
UIApplication
Application
Controller
UIViewController
Activity/Fragment
Event Emitter
Target Action/Responder Chain
Event Listener i.e. onClick()
Data Saving
NSUserDefaults / SQLite
SharedPreferences / SQLite
Multi Thread
NSThread
Thread/AsyncTask/Service
Internationalization
NSLocalizedString
Resource files
GPS
CoreLocation
LocationManager
for MapView, use Google SDK
Accelerometer
UIAccelerometer
SensorManager
Local Notification
UILocalNotification
NotificationManager
Remote Push Notification
Apple Push Notifiation Service
C2DM (external package)
com.google.android.c2dm

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
BOOKS

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
References
owww.developer.android.com
ohttp://www.google.com/design/spec/material-design/ introduction.html
ohttp://tools.android.com/
ohttps://android-arsenal.com/
ohttp://android-developers.blogspot.com.es/
owww.developer.apple.com
ohttps://developer.apple.com/videos/wwdc/
ohttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/referencelibrary/GettingStarted/RoadMapiOS/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014
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