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COMPARATIVE
BIOMECHANICS IN
ORTHODONTICS

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
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Why is it so different ??
Relation of Point of force application

Centre of Resistance

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Location of CRes

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Location of CRes

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Location of Contacts

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Effect of Forces

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Compative Biomechanics
Alignment

Leveling and
Space Closure
Finishing

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Compative Biomechanics
Alignment

Leveling and
Space Closure
Finishing

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Leveling and Alignment
Intrusion – Teeth with Normal inclination

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Leveling and Alignment
Intrusion – Proclined Teeth

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Leveling and Alignment
Intrusion – Retroclined/Upright Teeth

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Leveling and Alignment
Lower arch - Similar effect
- Re-enforcement of Anchorage

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Leveling and Alignment
Leveling of lower arch

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Leveling and Alignment
Leveling of lower arch

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Leveling and Alignment
Effect of Reverse Curve Mushroom Archwire on Lower
Incisors in Adult Patients: A Prospective Study
Ryoon-Ki Hong, Hun-Pyo Hong, Hee-Sook Koh
(Angle Orthod 2001;71:425–432.)

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Leveling and Alignment

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Leveling and Alignment

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Leveling and Alignment
Rotation Control
Difficult to Engage
Wire
Lower Magnitude of
Moment

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Leveling and Alignment

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Leveling and Alignment
Rotation Control
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Tight ligation, double over tie – resilient wire –CuNiTi
Looped wire / offsets
Reciprocal rotation with power chain
Correct one at a time
Power chain to anchor unit or archwire hook
Smith’s rotation tie
Half rotation tie to buccal composite button
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Leveling and Alignment

Smith’s rotation Tie

Looped Archwire

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Bite Plane Effect
Especially seen with brackets with bite plane
Kurz-Ormco 7th Generation

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Bite Plane Effect
Helps in bite opening

Intrusive force on incisors

Posterior eruption

Depends on inclination

Control in High
angle

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Bite Plane Effect
Upto 2mm opening and 3 incisors contact –
Acceptable
More opening and < 3 incisor contact



Periodontal trauma
Discomfort

Composite build-ups
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Bite Plane Effect
Composite Build-ups

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Bite Plane Effect
Incisors may not occlude with bite planes
Increased Overjet / Reverse overjet

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Bite Plane Effect
Loss of Anchorage
1.
2.

Space closure in Excessive/Reverse overjet
Disocclusion




Loss of inter-cuspation
Easier tipping – Mesio-distal / Bucco-lingual
Extrusion

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Compative Biomechanics
Alignment

Leveling and
Space Closure
Finishing

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Space Closure
Intrusion and retraction

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Space Closure
Intrusion and retraction

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Space Closure
Anchorage Considerations
1.
Adult patients
1.
2.
3.
4.

2.
3.
4.
5.

Non growing
Reduced PDL Support
Mutilated occlusion
Restriction in use of HG/ Lip bumper etc

Bite plane effect – Disclusion(??)
Tongue kept away from teeth
Higher in lower arch – uprighting effect of leveling
Cortical anchorage
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Space Closure
Cortical Anchorage - Takemoto

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Space Closure –
Effects

Bowing

Vertical Bowing (Rollercoaster effect)
•Highly placed canines
•Distally tipped canines
•Rapid space closure
(esp on resilient wires)

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Space Closure –
Effects

Bowing

Transverse Bowing

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Space Closure –
Effects

Bowing

Transverse Bowing - Prevention

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Space Closure –
Effects

Bowing

Transverse Bowing - Prevention

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Compative Biomechanics
Alignment

Leveling and
Space Closure
Finishing

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Finishing
1.

Tooth related problems

2.

Mechanical difficulties

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Finishing –

Tooth Related

Problems
 Adult




patients

Abraded teeth
Missing teeth
Very demanding

 Lingual



Poorly finished
Bulky crowns

 Lingual



restorations
anatomy

Variations
Difficult to vary bracket height
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Finishing –

Mechanical

considerations
 Point

of force application
away from buccal surface
 Reduced inter-bracket
distance




Difficult to place bends
Difficult to engage wire
Difficulty in rotation
correction

Short Inter-bracket Span

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Finishing –

Mechanical

considerations
 Longer

time to express bracket prescriptions

 Wire

changes and activations after 6-8 weeks
 Appliance to be left in position for additional 3
months after achieving correction

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Better Finishing
 Accurate

diagnosis and Treatment planning

 Accurate

bracket placement – lab procedures

 Prevent

problems



Light forces



Prevent bowing

 Proper

alignment & complete expression of torque

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REMEMBER
 More

Sensitive on lingual side
 More demanding patient
 Wires become more rigid… so watch for side
effects
 Lingual appliance tips teeth lingually



Anchorage – Extraction decision
Loss of Torque

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Leader in continuing dental education

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