23. Physiological tremor assessment
Action tremor (task-specific)
Archimedes Spiral [Bain et al., 1993]
Postural tremor
Accelerometer data [Selker et al., 2011]
24. Copy Task
1 practice sentences / condition
5 test sentences / condition
Portuguese language
representative corpus
Error correction was not
available
32. Correlation with Hand Oscillation
Minimum String Distance (MSD) Error Rate
Hand Oscillation
Non-dominant hand
Y [Pearson r=.751, n=9, p<.05]
Z [Pearson r=.613, n=9, p=.079]
26% 17%
Mobile Tablet
33. Types of Errors
Error Rate
6% 8% 13% 4% 4% 9%
Mobile Tablet
Insertions Substitutions Omissions
35. Omission were the most common
Error Rate
6% 8% 13% 4% 4% 9%
Mobile Tablet
Insertions Substitutions Omissions
36. Omission were the most common
Error Rate
No Significant Difference
[Z=-.722, p>.4]
6% 8% 13% 4% 4% 9%
Mobile Tablet
Insertions Substitutions Omissions
37. Blank space was recurrently omitted
Omission Error Rate in Mobile condition
28% 23%
16% 15%
e
i
v
x
m
p
u
z
SPACE
s
w
o
r
k
n
q
y
c
t
d
f
g
h
j
a
b
l
38. Forgetfulness and coordination are
real issues
#13 Usually forgot to transcribe words at
middle and end of sentences
#8 “where was I?”
42. Few Insertions with Tablet
Error Rate
Statistically Significant
[Z=-2.103, p<.05]
6% 8% 13% 4% 4% 9%
Mobile Tablet
Insertions Substitutions Omissions
43. Bounces and Accidental Touches
Error Rate
1.5% 3.3% 2.2% 1.1%
Mobile Tablet
Bounces Accidental
44. Few Accidental Touches with Tablet
Error Rate Statistically Significant
[Z=-2.292, p<.05]
1.5% 3.3% 2.2% 1.1%
Mobile Tablet
Bounces Accidental
45. Correlations with Hand Tremor
Error Rate
Dominant Hand Oscillation
X [Spearman rho=.596, n=14, p<.05]
Non-Dominant Hand Oscillation
Y [Spearman rho=.762, n=9, p<.05]
1.5% 3.3% 2.2% 1.1%
Mobile Tablet
Bounces Accidental
46. Deal with Insertion Errors
Required: r e c e i t a d o (English: prescribed)
Transcribed: rreceiittadoo
58. Participants Comments
“I am always hitting neighboring keys”
“The hardest thing is trying not to tremble
while typing”
“The main difficulty for me is in knowing
where the letters are. I am not used to it
(the keyboard)”
65. Implications
Shift keyboard layout
Avoid errors by understanding typing
behaviors
Deal with poor aiming rather than finger slips
Use language-based correctors
Allow personalization
66. Implications
Shift keyboard layout
Avoid errors by understanding typing
behaviors
Deal with poor aiming rather than finger slips
Use language-based correctors
Allow personalization
Compensate hand tremor