Biochemistry of Codeine effect and detoxification in the body

1. Codeine detoxification.
By Nwanevu Sylvanus & Herman.

2. Introduction.
• Codeine - 3-methylmorphine is an opiate
which is a natural isomer of methylated
morphine.
• It was isolated in 1832 in France by Pierre
Robiquet.
• It is the most widely used opiate in the world.

3. Structure.

4. Applications of
codeine.
• It can be used as a pain killer in combination
with paracetamol, aspirin to enhance the
effect.
• Can also be used as a recreational drug.
• It is used to suppress premature labor
contractions, also in myocardial infarctions.
• As sedative & anti hypertensive drug.

5. Adverse effects.
• Drowsiness, constipation, euphoria, urinary
retention
• Rare effects include seizure & anaphylaxis.

6. Detoxification.
• Codeine is converted to morphine by enzyme
cytochrome p450 - CYP2D6
• It undergoes N-demethylation to form
Norcodeine by CYP3A4.
• UGT2B7 ( UDP- Glucuronosyltransferase-
2B7) conjugates codeine, norcodeine, &
morphine to corresponding 3- & 6-
glucuronides.

10. Conclusion.
• Stay safe, don't abuse drugs!
• It is advised to only take drugs prescribed by
a Doctor.

11. Thanks for your
attention.