More Related Content Similar to Lessons in Project Management - 1- Foundation Principles (11) Lessons in Project Management - 1- Foundation Principles2. Content
What is a project?
A brief excursion to system theory
Types of business projects
When do we call a project a success?
Standard project management lifecycle
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3. first of all,
what is a
project ?
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4. What is a project?
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5. What is a project?
A construction…
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6. What is a project?
A construction…
definite …
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7. What is a project?
A construction…
which needs
definite …
special resources …
…
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8. What is a project?
A construction…
which needs
definite …
special resources …
…
aiming
at future
improvements …
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9. What is a project?
A construction…
which needs
definite …
special resources …
…
aiming
at future
improvements …
but meanwhile
causing
trouble!
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10. In other words …
THE
BUSINESS
regular processes
providing regular values
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11. In other words …
A
PROJECT
temporary process
with unique results
THE
BUSINESS
regular processes
providing regular values
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12. In other words …
Negative side-effects:
- cost- and time-consuming
- occupies business resources (intellectual capacities)
- irritating and disturbing (distroys routines/comfort zones)
- unsure results (what, when, for whom, etc.)
A
PROJECT
temporary process
with unique results
THE
BUSINESS
regular processes
providing regular values
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13. What characterizes a project?
PROJECT RESULT
1. Temporary 2. Unique
(a project got a (a project provides individual
clear start and end date) and substantial results)
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14. a brief
excursion
to
system theory
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15. Some brief thoughts about system theory
i- What is a system?
A set of elements which interact with each other
and build an „integrated whole“
system
boundary
A system is thus characterized by
- its elements (e.g. )
- as well as their relationships
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16. Some brief thoughts about system theory
ii- What are the characteristics of a system?
Each system
has a certain structure shows specific behavior!
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17. Some brief thoughts about system theory
ii- What are the characteristics of a system?
Each system
has a certain structure shows specific behavior!
SYSTEM Sub
System A
Sub Sub
System B System C
Sub-sub Sub-sub
System C1 System C2
...
Static relationships
(composition/decomposition)
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18. Some brief thoughts about system theory
ii- What are the characteristics of a system?
Each system
has a certain structure shows specific behavior!
SYSTEM Sub
System A
Sub Sub INPUT OUTPUT
system
System B System C (element)
acting as acting as
Sub-sub Sub-sub
„receiver“ „sender“
System C1 System C2
(customer) (provider)
...
Static relationships Dynamic relationships
(composition/decomposition) (communication/collaboration)
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19. Some brief thoughts about system theory
iii- How about business projects?
A specific business
(e.g. an automotive company)
is a system
involving elements such as
Products (Cars!)
Human Resources
Information Technology, etc.
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20. Some brief thoughts about system theory
iii- How about business projects?
A specific business A specific project
(e.g. an automotive company) related to the business
is a system is a system as well
involving elements such as involving elements such as
Products (Cars!) Products (Project Results!)
Human Resources Human Resources
Information Technology, etc. Information Technology, etc.
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21. Some brief thoughts about system theory
iii- How about business projects?
business project
The projects uses
From the business corporate resources and
perspective, the project is part of the business agenda
is a sub-system
of the business
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22. Some brief thoughts about system theory
iii- How about business projects?
business project
The business
sets constraints for and From the project
gets results from the project perspective, the
business is the
target system
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23. Some brief thoughts about system theory
iii- How about business projects?
business project
IT
Improve [IT] with regards to a concrete project
- effectiveness (business fit) aims at a specific
- efficiency (cost of ownership) element (sub-system) of
- availability the target system, e.g. IT
- other corporate values
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24. so, what are the
types
?
projects
of business
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25. Major types of projects (1/3)
1.- Projects providing results for the business
THE BUSINESS
i.e. projects aiming at improvements of the business
technical projects
organizational projects
product development projects, etc.
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26. Major types of projects (2/3)
2.- Projects providing results as part of the business
THE BUSINESS
i.e. projects aiming at providing customer satisfaction
projects are the core business
corporate products are created within projects
or project services are the product itself
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27. Major types of projects (3/3)
3.- Depending on the type of the main result
PROJECT RESULT Deliverable
COULD BE
SERVICE PRODUCT
e.g. consulting e.g. building
projects are a unique yacht is a
service projects product project
=> If the customer buys a combination of qualified
services and products we call this a hybrid project
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28. Types of business projects
Organizing Internal
Major an event cost cutting
purchase Feasibility initiatives
study (pre-
Research
project)
Re-designing Outsourcing
processes Setting up a
regional Marketing Merging
subsidary campaigns firms
Building a new Re-building
plant structures Implementing
Piloting software / hardware
international
Finding a partnerships Constructing a
new CEO new product
Implementing new and many more…
management methods
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29. What makes a project
?
a
successful
project
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30. When do we call a project a success?
1. 2. 3.
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31. When do we call a project a success?
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32. When do we call a project a success?
it disappears
on due date!
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33. When do we call a project a success?
we only use
it disappears
the resources
on due date!
previously agreed
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34. When do we call a project a success?
we only use
it disappears
the resources
on due date!
previously agreed
we deliver the
expected results
(type and
quantity)
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35. When do we call a project a success?
on time on budget on quality
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36. Project scoping
scoping
is the procedure of setting the parameters for each criteria
on time on budget on quality
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37. Project controlling
scoping
is the procedure of setting the parameters for each criteria
on time on budget on quality
controlling
is the procedure of managing performance against predefined parameters
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38. Project scoping and controlling need understanding
the cost-time-quality equilibrium
changing only one criteria
strongly impacts the others!
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39. In corporate practice … what do you think,
how many projects fail at least one of the three criteria?
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40. In corporate practice … what do you think,
how many projects fail at least one of the three criteria?
30-70%
*depending on the type of project
*
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41. And even in case of (officially) successful projects,
one criteria actually very often isn‘t met!
The official version
(told by the project manager)
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42. And even in case of (officially) successful projects,
one criteria actually very often isn‘t met!
The official version
(told by the project manager)
The business reality
(told by the customers/users)
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44. Standard project management life cycle
Project
Every project has three major phases!
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
45. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
46. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
… which can be drilled down!
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
47. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Define Plan Execute Close out
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
48. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Define Plan Execute Close out
Envision
Approve
Plan
Set-up
Kick-off
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
49. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Define Plan Execute Close out
Envision
Approve Conceptualize
Plan Produce
Set-up Test
Kick-off Train
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
50. Standard project management life cycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Define Plan Execute Close out
Envision
Approve Conceptualize
Plan Produce
Set-up Test Document
Kick-off Train Hand-over
Control & Communicate
Source: inspired by Verzuh, E., The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, p. 23 © Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
51. Standard project management life cycle
project effort during the lifecycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
TIME
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52. Standard project management life cycle
project effort during the lifecycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
Define
TIME
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53. Standard project management life cycle
project effort during the lifecycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
Plan
Define
TIME
© Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
54. Standard project management life cycle
project effort during the lifecycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Execute
PROJECT EFFORT
Plan
Define
TIME
© Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
55. Standard project management life cycle
project effort during the lifecycle
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Execute
PROJECT EFFORT
Plan
Close out
Define
TIME
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56. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
TIME
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57. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
Should-be
(in theory)
TIME
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58. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
PROJECT EFFORT
Should-be
(in theory)
TIME
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59. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Releasing
resources, handing
Staffing,
PROJECT EFFORT
over to business
understanding,
gaining speed
Highest
concentration,
Should-be
getting things done
(in theory)
TIME
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60. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
As-usually-is
(in practice)
PROJECT EFFORT
TIME
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61. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
As-usually-is
(in practice)
Underestimating
PROJECT EFFORT
amount of work or
being frustrated by
lack of understanding
Facing the deadline,
finally realizing that
Initial excitment, things must be
quickly followed by done
losing interest
TIME
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62. Standard project management life cycle
needed resources versus actual investment
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
As-usually-is
(in practice)
PROJECT EFFORT
! Should-be
(in theory)
TIME
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63. Standard project management life cycle
Typical project douments
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Project
Contract
Project
Charter Rough
Require-
Project
ments
Plan
Definition
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64. Standard project management life cycle
Typical project douments
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Project
Contract
Detailed
Project Require-
Charter Rough ments
Require- Definition Test
Project Conceptual Plan
ments
Plan Solution
Definition
(Models)
Solution
Documentation
Training
Plan
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65. Standard project management life cycle
Typical project douments
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Project
Contract
Detailed
Project Require-
Charter Rough ments
Require- Definition Test
Project Plan Hand-over
ments Conceptual Approvals Documention
Plan Solution (technical & (e.g. Support
Definition
(Models) organizational) Info)
Solution Closure
Documentation Report
Training
Plan
© Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
66. Standard project management life cycle
Typical project douments
INITIATE RUN COMPLETE
Project
Contract
Detailed
Project Require-
Charter Rough ments
Require- Definition Test
Project Plan Hand-over
ments Conceptual Approvals Documention
Plan Solution (technical & (e.g. Support
Definition
(Models) organizational) Info)
Solution Closure
Documentation Report
Training
Plan
Progress Progress
Report Report
© Becota | www.becota.org | 2010
67. Thank you very much!
presentation by
Frank Habermann
founder of Becota and Professor of Business
http://de.linkedin.com/in/frankhabermann/en
68. If you enjoyed this presentation,
please let us know!
You can download this presentation from the
Berlin Consulting Forum
-> join the forum at http://consultingforum.becota.org
-> visit our corporate website at http://www.becota.com