Proceedings 2nd IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC’99) 2-5 May 1999 Saint-Malo, France

1. Proceedings
2nd IEEE International Symposium on
Object-Oriented Real-Time
Distributed Computing
(ISORC’99)
2-5 May 1999
Saint-Malo, France
Sponsored by
IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee
on Distributed Processing
In cooperation with
IFIP Working Group 10.4
OMG
INRIA
COMPUTER
SOCIETY
Los Alamitos, California
Washington Brussels Tokyo

2. Copyright 0 1999 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
All rights reserved
Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries may photocopy
beyond the limits of US copyright law, for private use of patrons, those articles in this volume that cany a code at the
bottom of the first page, provided that the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance
Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923.
Other copying, reprint, or republication requests should be addressed to: IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Service
Center, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 133, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331.
The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. They reflect
the authors’ opinions and, in the interests of timely dissemination, are published as presented and without change.
Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors, the IEEE Computer
Society, or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
IEEE Computer Society Order Number PRO0207
Library of Congress Catalog Number: 99-61702
ISBN 0-7695-0207-5
Additional copies may be orderedfrom:
IEEE ComputerSociety
CustomerServiceCenter
10662Los VaquerosCircle
P.O. Box 3014
Los Alamitos, CA 90720-1314
Tel: + 1-714-821-8380
Fax: + 1-714-821-4641
E-mail: cs.books@computer.org
IEEE ServiceCenter
445 Hoes Lane
P.O. Box 1331
Piscataway,NJ 08855-1331
Tel: + 1-732-981-0060
Fax: + 1-732-981-9667
mis.custserv@computer.org
IEEE ComputerSociety
Asiflacific Office
Watanabe Bldg., 1-4-2
Minami-Aoyama
Minato-ku,Tokyo 107-0062
JAPAN
Tel: + 81-3-3408-3118
tokyo.ofc@computer.org
Fax: +81-3-3408-3553
Editorial production by Lorretta Palagi
Cover photograph: Michel Dupuis, ville de Saint-Malo
Cover art design and production by Joseph Daigle Studio Productions
Printed in the United States of America by The Printing House
COMPUTER
SOCIETY IEEE

3. Table of Contents
2nd IEEE InternationalSymposiumon Object-Oriented Real-Time
Distributed Computing-IS ORC’99
Message from the General Co-chairs ix
Message from the Program Committee Co-chairs X
Symposium Committee xi
Program Committee xiii
Reviewers xiv
Session1:Analysis and Design I
Exception Handling in a Cooperative Object-OrientedApproach 3
R. de Lemos, A. Romanovsky
v-Promela: A Visual, Object-OrientedLanguagefor SPIN 14
S. Leue, G. Holzmann
An Interface as a Design Object 24
H. Kopetz, E. Fuchs, D. Millinger, R. Nossal
A Unified Process for the Integrationof Large-scale, Distributed, Object-OrientedReal-Time Systems
in Layered Architectures 33
M. Mortazavi, J. Connell
Session2: Middleware and OperatingSystems I
The PURE Family of Object-OrientedOperating Systems for Deeply Embedded Systems 45
D. Beuche, A. Guerrouat, H. Papajewski, W. Schroder-Preikschat, 0.Spinczyk, U. Spinczyk
An Efficient Middleware ArchitectureSupportingTime-Triggered Message-Triggered
Objects and an NT-Based Implementation 54
K. H. Kim, M. Ishida, J. Liu
CORBA-Based Real-Time Trader Service for Adaptable Commmand and Control Systems
S. Wohlever, V. Fay-Wove, B. Thuraisingham, R. Freedman, J. Maurer
64
Session3: Applications
Applying Use Cases for the RequirementsValidation of Component-BasedReal-Time Software 75
W.Fleisch
Holistic Object-OrientedModelling of Distributed AutomotiveReal-Time Control Applications 85
J. Axelsson
Creating TelecommunicationServicesBased on Object-OrientedFrameworksand SDL 93
R. Sinnott, M. Kolberg
V

4. Panel I: CurrentPractice and Future Researchin ObjectReal-TimeComputing
Moderator: Michel Gien, Sun Microsystems/Chorus,France
Panelists:
Gary Donnan, Alcatel, France
WilliamFoote, Sun Microsystems, USA
Douglas Locke, Lockheed Martin, USA
Douglas Jensen, Mitre Corporation, USA
Jean-Bernard Stefani, France Telecom, France
Theory versus Practice in Real-Time Computing with the JavaTMPlatform 105
W. Foote
Session4A: Tools and Services
A Tool for Object-Oriented Dynamic Modeling 111
A. A. Hanish, T. S. Dillon
Using a “Process Warehouse” Concept: A Practical Method for SuccessfulTechnology Transfer 117
T. Nishiyama
Sense: A Service Navigation SystemLinked to a Real-Time AdvertisingDistribution Service 121
I. Kogiku, M. Katayama, T.Hoshiai
Session4B: Modeling and Evaluation
An Extensible Object Model for QoS Specification in Adaptive QoS Systems 129
Y. Matsui, S. Kihara, A. Mitsuzawa, S. Moriai, H. Tokuda
QuantitativeEvaluation of Distributed Object-OrientedProgramming Environments
for Real-Time Applications 133
A. P. Flores, A. Nacul, L. Silva, J. Netto, C. E. Pereira, L. Bacellar
Automated Dependability Analysis of UML Designs 139
A. Bondavalli, I. Majzik, I. Mura
Session5: Block Panel I
Embedded Platforms for Distributed Real-Time Computing: Challenges and Results 147
J. Rufno, P. Verissimo,G.Arroz
Panel 11: Object-OrientedTechniquesfor Resource-ConstrainedArchitectures
Moderator: Dieter Hammer, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
Panelists:
Mehmet Aksit, Twente University of Technology, Netherlands
Greg Bollella, IBM Network ComputingTechnical Institute, USA
Edwin de Jong, Hollandse Signaalapparaten,Netherlands
Julien Maisonneuve, Alcatel Corporate Research, France
Sjir van Loo, Philips Research, Netherlands
vi

5. Evaluating Architecture ImplementationAlternatives Based on AdaptabilityConcerns 155
M.Aksit, B. Tekinerdogan
Distributed Shared Data Space Architecturefor Real-Time Systems 159
E. de Jong
Session6: Middleware and Operating SystemsI1
An Integrated Environment for the Complete Development Cycle of an Object-Oriented
Distributed Real-Time System 165
L. B. Becker, M. Gergeleit, E. Nett, C. E. Pereira
Implementingthe Real-Time PublisherBubscriber Model on the Controller Area Network (CAN) 172
J. Kaiser, M. Mock
Towards Predictable CORBA-Based Web-Services 182
A. Polze, J.Richling, J. Schwarz, M. Malek
Session 7: QoS Assurance
Quality-Based Compensationof Multimedia Objects 195
T. Kanezuka, H. Higaki, M. Takizawa
Adaptive QoS Support for Distributed,Java-Based Applications 203
S. Chatterjee, B. Sabata, M. Brown
Resource Managers for QoS in CORBA 213
D. Le Tien, 0.Villin, C. Bac
An Object-Level Gateway Supporting Integrated-Property Quality of Service 223
R. Schantz, J. Zinky, D. Karr, D. Bakken, J.Megquier, J.Loyal1
Session SA: SoftwareArchitecture
A Framework for Building Environment-AwareSoftware 237
T. Nakajima
OPERA:A CORBA-Based ArchitectureEnabling Distributed Real-Time Simulations 241
T. Uslander, F. Lebas
The PERCO Platform 245
J. Maisonneuve, S. Chabridon, P. Leveille'
Session SB: Fault Tolerance
Prediction of Fault-Pronenessat Early Phase in Object-Oriented Development 25:3
T. Kamiya, S. Kusumoto, K. Inoue
Implementing Highly-AvailableWWW Servers Based on Passive Object Replication 259
R. Baldoni, S. Bonamoneta, C. Marchetti
vii

6. Enhancing Replica Management Services to Tolerate Group Failures 263
P. D.Ezhilchelvan, S. K. Shrivastava
Session9: Block Panel I1
In Pursuit of Correct Paradigms for Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Systems 271
P. Carr2re, J.-F. Hermant, G. Le Lann
Panel 111: Which Models and Architectures of Distributed Real-TimeComputing
Systems Suit Which ApplicationAreas?
Moderator: Gerard Le Lann, INRIA, France
Panelists:
EmmanuelFuchs, Thomson-Airsys, France
Kane Kim,University of California-Irvine, USA
Hermann Kopetz, Technical University of Vienna, Austria
Tom Lawrence, U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, USA
Laurent Leboucher, CNET, France
Questionable Relevancy of Fixed Priority Assignment in Distributed Object Design 283
K. H. Kim
Which Models and Architectures of Distributed Real-Time Computing Systems
Suit Which Application Area? 286
H. Kopetz
Session 10: Resource Management
Using Multiple Feedback Loops for Object Profiling, Scheduling and Migration in Soft Real-Time
Distributed Object Systems 291
V. Kalogeraki, P. M. Melliar-Smith, L. E. Moser
An Adaptive Scheduling Approach in Real-Time CORl3A 301
C.Montez, J. Fraga, R. de Oliveira, J.-M. Farines
A Flexible Run-Time Support for Distributed Dependable Hard Real-Time Applications 310
E. Anceaume, G. Cabillic, P. Chevochot, I. Puaut
Session 11:Analysis and Design I1
Architectural Techniques for the Description and Validation of Distributed Real-Time Systems 323
L. Thomas, T. Lambolais, R. Lesiour, A. Covadis
Protocols and Ports: Reusable Inter-Object Behavior Patterns 332
B. Selic
The Use of Task Graphs for Modeling Complex System Behavior 340
A. Silberman,A. D. Stoyen, K. Sundaram
Author Index 351
...Vlll