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开发二部:陆松林
讨论方式
第一:12306话题预热

第二:就热点问题进行讨论

第三:自由提问/回答、讨论
预热步骤
(一):12306订票系统功能流程
(二):12306订票系统模型、级量

(三):系统遇到的主要问题、现状

(四):一些处理或设计流程

(五):预热小结
(一) 12306订票系统功能流程
(一) 12306订票系统功能流程
(一) 12306订票系统功能流程
(一) 12306订票系统功能流程
(一) 12306订票系统功能流程


                功能:
                用户注册、登陆、列
                车时刻表查询、余票
                查询、票价查询、购
                票(含网上支付)、
                订单查询、改签、退
                票
(二) 12306订票系统模型、量级

     类似业务:
         网站的秒杀活动
         奥运会的票务系统
         网游、QQ
         电商B2C
         微博(twitter)
(二) 12306订票系统模型、量级

     业务特点:
         刚性需求(用户耐性较强)
         定时发票(秒杀的感觉、洪峰的要求)
         安全性要求高
         单个事务的过程较长
(二) 12306订票系统模型、量级
     业务量级:
      • 据铁路部门的预计,从1月8日到2月16日,春运期间铁路将发送
      旅客2.35亿人次,同比增加1352万,日均达到588万人次,但目前
      铁路的春运客运能力仅为382万。

      • 据统计,从1月1日到10日,铁道部12306订票网站日均点击
      次数已超过了10亿次,而在1月9日,12306售票网站点击量更
      是暴增至14亿次,网站瞬间访问量达到“世界第一”,相当于
      所有中国人当天都点击了一次。

      • 最新的数据显示,目前网络售票和电话订票每天已经达到200万
      张,网络售票的注册用户已经超过1000万人。1月1日至8日,铁道
      部推出的12306铁路客户服务中心网站日均点击次数超过10亿次,
      被网友戏称为“中国最牛的电子商务网站”。
(二) 12306订票系统模型、量级

     业务量级:
(三)系统遇到的主要问题和状况

   高峰的状况:
    1.整个网站找不开, 登陆不进去(100次进去一次)

    2. “龟速” 网络运行奇慢

    3. 网页不时“崩溃”, 500,频繁的502

    4. 购票成功率低
(三)系统遇到的主要问题

 a) 整个网站打不开, 登陆不进去(100次进去一次),
  不时“崩溃”, 500,频繁的502(为什么)
 b) 讨论一下铁道部在上这个项目实施过程中的存
  在一些策略问题?
 c) 购票成功率低的根本原因是什么?
 d) 购票系统的瓶颈在哪个环节?
(三)系统遇到的主要问题


 e ) 两亿用户的DB结构如何、票库、订单库,事务、
 数据的完整性?
 f ) 那些数据需要缓存,怎么设定缓存?
 g ) 登陆系统如何防刷、防机器人?
(四)一些处理或设计流程




把   请
所   求
有   都
的   尽
用   量
户   往
访   前
问   移
(四)一些处理或设计流程




我们
的服
务器
(四)一些处理或设计流程




    从带宽、服务器、网络、应用及
    业务逻辑等进行优化。
(四)一些处理或设计流程




登录
流程
(四)一些处理或设计流程




购票
流程
(五)小结

     请求前移
     分级队列
     请求调度
     延迟截断
     主动拒绝
自由提问、讨论
 (随时随地讨论)

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