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光田綜合醫院

                            鼻過敏患者須知
 鼻過敏的症狀有:鼻塞、打噴嚏、水樣鼻涕、鼻部搔癢、鼻涕倒流等等;鼻過敏可以分成二種:一種是對一些特定過
 敏原(如塵          、蟑螂、狗毛)過敏的,這種病人在起床或灰塵較多時常會發生打噴嚏、水樣鼻涕、鼻部搔癢、鼻塞的
 症狀;另一種是沒有特定過敏原,只對冷熱過敏的血管運動性鼻炎,這種病人在接觸到冷空氣時常會發生鼻塞、流鼻
 涕或頭痛的現象。

 過敏性鼻炎的治療主要有四:依序是環境控制、藥物治療、減敏治療及手術治療。血管運動性鼻炎的治療有二,依序
 是藥物治療、手術治療。

 環境控制:
      寢室床鋪與客廳沙發是塵           最多的地區,可以用下列四種方法來減少:
      1.       吸塵器:吸除棉被、枕頭、床墊、沙發上的過敏原,每週至少一次。
      2.       洗濯:被套、枕頭套、床罩常以 50℃的熱水清洗。
      3.       溼度:控制室內之相對溼度在 70﹪以下。
      4.       避免使用地毯、窗簾和填充玩具,減少灰塵累積。
      對蟑螂過敏者,需以減少蟑螂的死體或活體為目標。
      對狗毛、貓毛等寵物皮毛過敏者,應盡量避免飼養寵物,或將寵物養在室外。

藥物治療,除了可以控制鼻過敏的症狀,並且可以減少其他的併發症(如耳咽管阻塞、肥厚性鼻炎、鼻竇炎等等),應
與醫師密切配合討論。

減敏治療是一可根治過敏性鼻炎的方法,尤其對過敏原只有一種的患者效果較好,但有誘發氣喘的風險,每次治療後必
須至少觀察二十分鐘。

手術治療有三種,是前述治療未達理想時的選擇,也可以減少藥物的使用。
                                    紅     外     線    雷           射   鼻 甲 切 除 術
           有        效   期       限    約半年以上          約半年至一年以上          約一年以上
           住                    院       不需住院          不需住院           大多需住院三天
           手        術   時       間       15 分鐘            15 分鐘        約半個小時
           麻        醉   方       式 局部(不需打針)          局部(不需打針)         局部或全身麻醉
           術 中 、 術 後 鼻 部 不 適 感          非常輕度             輕度            中度
           術    後   鼻   部   填   塞       不需               不需            需要
           傷                    口   外觀無任何傷口         外觀無任何傷口          外觀無任何傷口

           效                    果        佳                佳             優
           重        複   治       療        可以              可以            可以


 其他有幫助的方法:
 1.   避免空氣污濁及二手煙的環境。
 2.   養成規律動的習慣,不熬夜,不抽煙。
 3.   一起床就注意鼻部保暖。
                                                                 光田綜合醫院
光田綜合醫院
         耳鼻喉科 關心您

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鼻過敏患者須知

  • 1. 光田綜合醫院 鼻過敏患者須知 鼻過敏的症狀有:鼻塞、打噴嚏、水樣鼻涕、鼻部搔癢、鼻涕倒流等等;鼻過敏可以分成二種:一種是對一些特定過 敏原(如塵 、蟑螂、狗毛)過敏的,這種病人在起床或灰塵較多時常會發生打噴嚏、水樣鼻涕、鼻部搔癢、鼻塞的 症狀;另一種是沒有特定過敏原,只對冷熱過敏的血管運動性鼻炎,這種病人在接觸到冷空氣時常會發生鼻塞、流鼻 涕或頭痛的現象。 過敏性鼻炎的治療主要有四:依序是環境控制、藥物治療、減敏治療及手術治療。血管運動性鼻炎的治療有二,依序 是藥物治療、手術治療。 環境控制: 寢室床鋪與客廳沙發是塵 最多的地區,可以用下列四種方法來減少: 1. 吸塵器:吸除棉被、枕頭、床墊、沙發上的過敏原,每週至少一次。 2. 洗濯:被套、枕頭套、床罩常以 50℃的熱水清洗。 3. 溼度:控制室內之相對溼度在 70﹪以下。 4. 避免使用地毯、窗簾和填充玩具,減少灰塵累積。 對蟑螂過敏者,需以減少蟑螂的死體或活體為目標。 對狗毛、貓毛等寵物皮毛過敏者,應盡量避免飼養寵物,或將寵物養在室外。 藥物治療,除了可以控制鼻過敏的症狀,並且可以減少其他的併發症(如耳咽管阻塞、肥厚性鼻炎、鼻竇炎等等),應 與醫師密切配合討論。 減敏治療是一可根治過敏性鼻炎的方法,尤其對過敏原只有一種的患者效果較好,但有誘發氣喘的風險,每次治療後必 須至少觀察二十分鐘。 手術治療有三種,是前述治療未達理想時的選擇,也可以減少藥物的使用。 紅 外 線 雷 射 鼻 甲 切 除 術 有 效 期 限 約半年以上 約半年至一年以上 約一年以上 住 院 不需住院 不需住院 大多需住院三天 手 術 時 間 15 分鐘 15 分鐘 約半個小時 麻 醉 方 式 局部(不需打針) 局部(不需打針) 局部或全身麻醉 術 中 、 術 後 鼻 部 不 適 感 非常輕度 輕度 中度 術 後 鼻 部 填 塞 不需 不需 需要 傷 口 外觀無任何傷口 外觀無任何傷口 外觀無任何傷口 效 果 佳 佳 優 重 複 治 療 可以 可以 可以 其他有幫助的方法: 1. 避免空氣污濁及二手煙的環境。 2. 養成規律動的習慣,不熬夜,不抽煙。 3. 一起床就注意鼻部保暖。 光田綜合醫院
  • 2. 光田綜合醫院 耳鼻喉科 關心您