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Index




                                A                                      B
              Accredited investor, 433               Bacon Louis, 69
              Active trading, 132                    Barclays Group, 76, 388, 465
              Activisme, 156, 212, 213, 216, 220     Basis trading, 174
              Administrateur, 92, 104                Benchmark, Voir Hurdle rate
              AIM, 144, 239                          Bermudes, 32, 453
              Aircraft leasing, 282, 283             Biais, 389
              Alpha, 157, 159                         •	 de survie, 389, 390, 391, 392
              Alternative Investment                  •	 d’histoire instantannée, 393
                Management Association               Black et Scholes, 196
                (AIMA), 17, 137, 511                 Board of directors, 92
              American Depositary Receipts           Brady bonds, 302
                (ADR), 304                           Brevan Howard, 72
              American Exchange (AMEX), 239          Business Week, 70, 71, 72
              Approche multi-série, 123, 124
              Arbitrage, 154, 196                                      C
               •	 de volatilité, 263, 264, 268
               •	 d’options, 372, 373                Canada, 39
              AsiaHedge, 53                          Capital structure arbitrage, 204,
              Asset backed, 190, 191, 192              254, 323
              Asset based lending, 30, 97, 155,      Carry trade, 340
                156, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279,   CASAM CISDM, 76, 77, 78, 80,
                281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 290,     388
                291, 292, 400, 416                   Caxton, 70
              Asset based securities, 185, 274       Center for International Securities
              Auditeur, 92                             and Derivatives Market, 18
              Auto loans, 281, 282                   Cerberus, 72




3422_13_Index.indd   533                                                                   12/04/10   9:10:10
534                                             Introduction aux hedge funds


              Chartered Alternative Investment       Diversified, 156
                Analyst Association (CAIA),          Dollars neutral, 160
                509, 511                             Due diligence, 96, 271, 357, 360, 364
              Closed-end fund arbitrage, 30, 156,
                259, 260                                                E
              Cohen Steve, 70
                                                     Effet de levier, 126
              Collateralized mortgage
                                                     Égalisation, 122, 123
                obligations, 186                     Electricity trading, 370
              Comité de Bâle, 102                    Emerging markets, 29, 156, 300,
              Commercial mortgage backed, 185          302, 306, 308, 309, 310, 312, 313,
              Commission, 116                          400, 416, 418, 496
               •	 de gestion, 116, 117, 118, 119,    Entertainment finance, 282, 283
                  121, 135                           Equity hedge, 293, 295, 299, 300,
               •	 de performance, 116, 117, 118,       404, 416, 421
                  120, 121, 122, 123, 135, 142       Equity market neutral, 29, 154, 155,
              Commission Bancaire                      156, 157, 158, 162, 163, 164, 170,
                et Financière (CBF), 108               171, 172, 296, 400, 415, 416, 424
              Commission de surveillance             Equity non-hedge, 29, 295, 296, 331
                du secteur financier, 440            Eurekahedge, 76, 77, 79, 80, 388,
              Commodity Futures Trading                436, 512
                Commission, 432, 452, 463            Europe, 40
              Commodity trading advisors, 156,       Event driven, 28, 29, 154, 156, 207,
                344, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351,     208, 209, 221, 222, 224, 227, 314,
                412, 414                               342, 412, 416, 421
              Compliance, 104, 361, 495              Exposition
              Consumer finance, 281                   •	 brute, 127, 128, 130, 131
              Contrarian, 347, 348                    •	 nette, 127, 128, 130, 131
              Convertible arbitrage, 29, 156, 193,
                194, 196, 198, 199, 200, 203, 204,                      F
                254, 373, 404, 424
              Corporate direct, 279, 280             Faillite, 207, 231, 234, 240
              CPPI, 146, 148                         Falcone Philip, 486
              Credit default swap, 174, 204, 327,    Fannie Mae, 187, 488
                330                                  Federal Home Loan Mortgage
              Credit Suisse/Tremont, 76, 77, 80         Corporation (FHLMC), 184, 483
                                                     Federal National Mortgage
              Curve trades, 174
                                                        Association (FNMA), 184, 187,
                                                        483, 488
                                 D
                                                     Feinberg Stephen, 72
              Date de liquidité, 112, 114            Financement d’assurance-vie, 280,
              DAX, 264                                  281, 283, 289
              Delta, 195, 384                        Financement de croissance, 283
              Developed markets, 156                 Financement de stock, 278
              Distressed securities, 29, 155, 156,   Financement immobilier, 283, 287
                208, 229, 231, 234, 236, 238, 416,   Financial Service Authority (FSA),
                424                                     108, 436




3422_13_Index.indd   534                                                                     12/04/10   9:10:10
Index                                                                     535


              Fitch IBCA, 177                         High watermark, 13, 119, 120, 121,
              Fixed income, 29                          122, 133
                •	 arbitrage, 154, 156, 173, 174,     High yield, 156, 322, 324
                   176, 178, 182, 254, 459            Holdback, 113, 114, 115, 359
                •	 asset backed, 415, 416             Hong Kong, 49, 52, 53
                •	 convertible arbitrage, 416         Howard Alan, 72
                •	 relative value, 181                Hurdle rate, 119, 120, 121, 122
              Fonds de fonds, 156, 354, 355, 356,
                 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367,                      I
                 394, 416
              Fortune, 13, 21, 22                     Îles Caymans, 32, 446, 453, 454
              FSA, 108, 436                           Îles Vierges Britanniques, 446, 453,
              Fusions et acquisitions, 207, 208,         455
                 222, 224, 227                        Indices investissables, 148, 149, 150,
              Futures, 20                                151
                                                      Investisseurs institutionnels, 107,
                                G                        108
                                                      Investisseurs types, 105
              Gamma, 199, 202, 385                    Investment manager exemption, 44
              Gate, 112, 113, 114
              General partnership, 22
                                                                         J
              Ginnie Mae, Voir Global National
                Mortgage Association                  Jones Alfred W., 21, 64, 66, 293, 295
              Global National Mortgage
                Association (GNMA), 184
                                                                         K
              Greenwich Alternative, 77, 79, 80
                                                      Kovner Bruce, 70
                                H
              Hedge fund(s), 19                                          L
               •	 américains, 38                      Lehman Brothers, 101
               •	 asiatiques, 48                      Leverage buyout, 211
               •	 d’Amérique latine, 57               Leveraged Capital Holdings, 24
               •	 d’Europe de l’Est, 55               Levier, 127, 133, 134, 186
               •	 en Australie, 53                    Levier financier, 20
               •	 européens, 41                       Limited liability company, 432
              Hedge Fund Association, 18, 513         Limited partnership, 22, 23, 432,
              Hedgefund.net, 77, 79, 80, 290, 512       433, 454
              Hedge Fund Research, Inc., 18, 77,      Lipper Tass, 513
                80, 82, 150, 170, 180, 203, 205,      Liquidity date, 113
                221, 223, 228, 230, 236, 238, 251,    Lock-up period, 111, 112, 113, 114,
                253, 272, 291, 292, 300, 301, 308,      133
                309, 311, 312, 318, 321, 325, 326,    Long only (leveraged), 156
                336, 337, 338, 344, 345, 352, 353,    Long/short equity, 29, 155, 157, 158,
                366, 367, 369, 383, 388, 397, 502,      159, 161, 174, 293, 294, 295, 296,
                512                                     297, 301, 304, 306, 314, 332




3422_13_Index.indd    535                                                                      12/04/10   9:10:11
536                                              Introduction aux hedge funds


              Long Term Capital Fund, 177, 458                           O
              Long Term Capital Management
                                                      Obligations convertibles, 20
                (LTCM), 13, 16, 108, 432, 434,
                                                      Obligations hypothécaires
                457, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466,
                                                        (mortgage backed securities),
                467
                                                        182, 187
              Loomis J. Carol, 22, 23
                                                      Obligations sur catastrophes, 206
                                                      Offshore, 32, 33, 58, 59, 88, 100, 111,
                                M
                                                        436, 446, 452, 453, 454, 456, 494
              Mac Freddie, Voir Federal Home          Onshore, 58, 59, 60, 88
               Loan Mortgage Corporation              Option arbitrage, 156
               (FHLMC)
              Macro, 28, 155, 156, 338, 339, 340,                         P
               342, 343, 344, 412, 416
                                                      Pair trading, 254, 323
              Maddoff Bernard, 489, 505
                                                      Paulson John, 68, 486
              Mae Fannie, Voir Federal National
                                                      Paulson Advantage Plus, 68
               Mortgage Association
                                                      Preferred return, Voir Hurdle rate
              Malta Financial Service Authority,
                                                      Prêts aux entreprises, 283
               45
                                                      Prime broker, 90, 91, 104, 124, 125,
              Managed Funds Association, 513
                                                        443
              Managed futures, 344
                                                      Private equity, 137, 138, 155, 212,
              Market neutral, 412
                                                        274
              Merger arbitrage, 222, 224, 228, 229,
                                                      Private Investment in Public
               254, 416
                                                        Entities (PIPE), 30, 79, 97, 155,
              Meriwether W., 460
                                                        156, 237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243,
              MLP, 30, 379
                                                        244, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252,
              Moody’s, 177, 380, 475
                                                        283
              Moore Capital Management, 69
                                                      Private issue/regulation D, 416
              Morgan Stanley Capital
               International, 76
                                                                         Q
              Mortgage-backed securities, 156,
               185, 186, 187                          Qualified purchaser, 433
              MSCI World, 472                         Quantum, 28, 64, 343, 458
              Multi-strategy, 154, 155, 156, 254,
               268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 354, 361,                        R
               416
                                                      Rabais, 239, 244, 248, 249
                                                      Real Estate Investment Trust
                                 N
                                                        (REIT), 201, 317, 333, 379
              NASDAQ, 239, 248                        Regulation D, 155, 242, 253, 254
              Neutralité, 159                         Relative value, 156, 174, 233, 252,
              Neutre en bêta, 159                       254, 259, 327, 377, 404, 416
              Neutre en dollars, 159, 165             Réplication, 144, 450
              New York Post, 71                       Rhô, 385
              New York Stock Exchange, 239, 256       Risk arbitrage, 29, 155, 156, 208,
              New York Times, 24, 68, 70                222, 225, 227, 228, 229
              Niche, 156                              Risque, 93




3422_13_Index.indd   536                                                                        12/04/10   9:10:12
Index                                                                     537


               •	 de contrepartie, 100                 Stratégies, 254
               •	 de défaut, 101                         •	 directionnelles, 38, 43, 156
               •	 de gérant, 95                          •	 intermédiaires, 38, 43
               •	 de liquidité, 101                      •	 non directionnelles, 38, 43, 156
               •	 de modèle, 94                        Stub trading, 206, 256
               •	 de valorisation, 97                  Subprime, 477, 478, 480, 482, 484,
               •	 d’industrie, 95                         485, 486, 488, 489
               •	 d’infrastructure, 100                Swaps, 20
               •	 d’investissement, 93                 Swaptions, 20
               •	 gouvernemental, 100                  SwissHEDGE, 512
               •	 opérationnel, 102, 103, 108
              Robertson Julian, 28, 64, 65, 343,                          T
                458                                    TASS, 388
              Russell 2000, 350, 351                   Taux de mortalité, 136, 412
              Russell 3000, 350                        Thêta, 385
                                                       Tiger Management, 28, 66, 343, 458
                                 S                     Top-down, 338
              SAC Capital Advisors, 70                 Trade finance, 279, 283, 286, 287
                                                       Trading de corrélation, 327, 330
              Sector, 29, 156, 314, 318, 319, 416
                                                       Tremont TASS, 79, 390
              Securities and Exchange
                                                       Trend following, 346, 347, 348
                 Commission (SEC), 24, 25, 67,
                                                       Trend reversal, 347, 348
                 108, 133, 240, 323, 357, 432, 452,
                                                       Tudor Investment Corporation, 69
                 460, 495
                                                       Tudor Jones II Paul, 69
              Short bias, 335, 336, 416
                                                       Two and twenty, 116
              Short selling, 156, 330, 332, 335
              Short term trader, 156, 349                                 V
              Singapour, 49, 52, 53
              Soros Georges, 28, 64, 343, 458          Van Hedge Fund Advisors, 25, 79,
              S&P 500, 264, 270, 472, 502                133, 134
              Special situations, 155, 156, 208, 211   VaR, 96, 97
              Spread trades, 173                       Véga, 385
              Standard and Poor’s, 76, 177, 380,       Vente à découvert, 124, 125, 126
                 475                                   Volatility arbitrage, 156, 263
              Statistical arbitrage, 154, 155, 156,
                 162, 170, 254                                           W
              Steinhardt Michael, 64, 67               Wall Street Journal, 13, 70
              Stop loss, 71, 163, 198                  Warrants, 20




3422_13_Index.indd    537                                                                      12/04/10   9:10:12
3422_13_Index.indd   538   12/04/10   9:10:13

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Index

  • 1. Index A B Accredited investor, 433 Bacon Louis, 69 Active trading, 132 Barclays Group, 76, 388, 465 Activisme, 156, 212, 213, 216, 220 Basis trading, 174 Administrateur, 92, 104 Benchmark, Voir Hurdle rate AIM, 144, 239 Bermudes, 32, 453 Aircraft leasing, 282, 283 Biais, 389 Alpha, 157, 159 • de survie, 389, 390, 391, 392 Alternative Investment • d’histoire instantannée, 393 Management Association Black et Scholes, 196 (AIMA), 17, 137, 511 Board of directors, 92 American Depositary Receipts Brady bonds, 302 (ADR), 304 Brevan Howard, 72 American Exchange (AMEX), 239 Business Week, 70, 71, 72 Approche multi-série, 123, 124 Arbitrage, 154, 196 C • de volatilité, 263, 264, 268 • d’options, 372, 373 Canada, 39 AsiaHedge, 53 Capital structure arbitrage, 204, Asset backed, 190, 191, 192 254, 323 Asset based lending, 30, 97, 155, Carry trade, 340 156, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, CASAM CISDM, 76, 77, 78, 80, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 290, 388 291, 292, 400, 416 Caxton, 70 Asset based securities, 185, 274 Center for International Securities Auditeur, 92 and Derivatives Market, 18 Auto loans, 281, 282 Cerberus, 72 3422_13_Index.indd 533 12/04/10 9:10:10
  • 2. 534 Introduction aux hedge funds Chartered Alternative Investment Diversified, 156 Analyst Association (CAIA), Dollars neutral, 160 509, 511 Due diligence, 96, 271, 357, 360, 364 Closed-end fund arbitrage, 30, 156, 259, 260 E Cohen Steve, 70 Effet de levier, 126 Collateralized mortgage Égalisation, 122, 123 obligations, 186 Electricity trading, 370 Comité de Bâle, 102 Emerging markets, 29, 156, 300, Commercial mortgage backed, 185 302, 306, 308, 309, 310, 312, 313, Commission, 116 400, 416, 418, 496 • de gestion, 116, 117, 118, 119, Entertainment finance, 282, 283 121, 135 Equity hedge, 293, 295, 299, 300, • de performance, 116, 117, 118, 404, 416, 421 120, 121, 122, 123, 135, 142 Equity market neutral, 29, 154, 155, Commission Bancaire 156, 157, 158, 162, 163, 164, 170, et Financière (CBF), 108 171, 172, 296, 400, 415, 416, 424 Commission de surveillance Equity non-hedge, 29, 295, 296, 331 du secteur financier, 440 Eurekahedge, 76, 77, 79, 80, 388, Commodity Futures Trading 436, 512 Commission, 432, 452, 463 Europe, 40 Commodity trading advisors, 156, Event driven, 28, 29, 154, 156, 207, 344, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 208, 209, 221, 222, 224, 227, 314, 412, 414 342, 412, 416, 421 Compliance, 104, 361, 495 Exposition Consumer finance, 281 • brute, 127, 128, 130, 131 Contrarian, 347, 348 • nette, 127, 128, 130, 131 Convertible arbitrage, 29, 156, 193, 194, 196, 198, 199, 200, 203, 204, F 254, 373, 404, 424 Corporate direct, 279, 280 Faillite, 207, 231, 234, 240 CPPI, 146, 148 Falcone Philip, 486 Credit default swap, 174, 204, 327, Fannie Mae, 187, 488 330 Federal Home Loan Mortgage Credit Suisse/Tremont, 76, 77, 80 Corporation (FHLMC), 184, 483 Federal National Mortgage Curve trades, 174 Association (FNMA), 184, 187, 483, 488 D Feinberg Stephen, 72 Date de liquidité, 112, 114 Financement d’assurance-vie, 280, DAX, 264 281, 283, 289 Delta, 195, 384 Financement de croissance, 283 Developed markets, 156 Financement de stock, 278 Distressed securities, 29, 155, 156, Financement immobilier, 283, 287 208, 229, 231, 234, 236, 238, 416, Financial Service Authority (FSA), 424 108, 436 3422_13_Index.indd 534 12/04/10 9:10:10
  • 3. Index 535 Fitch IBCA, 177 High watermark, 13, 119, 120, 121, Fixed income, 29 122, 133 • arbitrage, 154, 156, 173, 174, High yield, 156, 322, 324 176, 178, 182, 254, 459 Holdback, 113, 114, 115, 359 • asset backed, 415, 416 Hong Kong, 49, 52, 53 • convertible arbitrage, 416 Howard Alan, 72 • relative value, 181 Hurdle rate, 119, 120, 121, 122 Fonds de fonds, 156, 354, 355, 356, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, I 394, 416 Fortune, 13, 21, 22 Îles Caymans, 32, 446, 453, 454 FSA, 108, 436 Îles Vierges Britanniques, 446, 453, Fusions et acquisitions, 207, 208, 455 222, 224, 227 Indices investissables, 148, 149, 150, Futures, 20 151 Investisseurs institutionnels, 107, G 108 Investisseurs types, 105 Gamma, 199, 202, 385 Investment manager exemption, 44 Gate, 112, 113, 114 General partnership, 22 J Ginnie Mae, Voir Global National Mortgage Association Jones Alfred W., 21, 64, 66, 293, 295 Global National Mortgage Association (GNMA), 184 K Greenwich Alternative, 77, 79, 80 Kovner Bruce, 70 H Hedge fund(s), 19 L • américains, 38 Lehman Brothers, 101 • asiatiques, 48 Leverage buyout, 211 • d’Amérique latine, 57 Leveraged Capital Holdings, 24 • d’Europe de l’Est, 55 Levier, 127, 133, 134, 186 • en Australie, 53 Levier financier, 20 • européens, 41 Limited liability company, 432 Hedge Fund Association, 18, 513 Limited partnership, 22, 23, 432, Hedgefund.net, 77, 79, 80, 290, 512 433, 454 Hedge Fund Research, Inc., 18, 77, Lipper Tass, 513 80, 82, 150, 170, 180, 203, 205, Liquidity date, 113 221, 223, 228, 230, 236, 238, 251, Lock-up period, 111, 112, 113, 114, 253, 272, 291, 292, 300, 301, 308, 133 309, 311, 312, 318, 321, 325, 326, Long only (leveraged), 156 336, 337, 338, 344, 345, 352, 353, Long/short equity, 29, 155, 157, 158, 366, 367, 369, 383, 388, 397, 502, 159, 161, 174, 293, 294, 295, 296, 512 297, 301, 304, 306, 314, 332 3422_13_Index.indd 535 12/04/10 9:10:11
  • 4. 536 Introduction aux hedge funds Long Term Capital Fund, 177, 458 O Long Term Capital Management Obligations convertibles, 20 (LTCM), 13, 16, 108, 432, 434, Obligations hypothécaires 457, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466, (mortgage backed securities), 467 182, 187 Loomis J. Carol, 22, 23 Obligations sur catastrophes, 206 Offshore, 32, 33, 58, 59, 88, 100, 111, M 436, 446, 452, 453, 454, 456, 494 Mac Freddie, Voir Federal Home Onshore, 58, 59, 60, 88 Loan Mortgage Corporation Option arbitrage, 156 (FHLMC) Macro, 28, 155, 156, 338, 339, 340, P 342, 343, 344, 412, 416 Pair trading, 254, 323 Maddoff Bernard, 489, 505 Paulson John, 68, 486 Mae Fannie, Voir Federal National Paulson Advantage Plus, 68 Mortgage Association Preferred return, Voir Hurdle rate Malta Financial Service Authority, Prêts aux entreprises, 283 45 Prime broker, 90, 91, 104, 124, 125, Managed Funds Association, 513 443 Managed futures, 344 Private equity, 137, 138, 155, 212, Market neutral, 412 274 Merger arbitrage, 222, 224, 228, 229, Private Investment in Public 254, 416 Entities (PIPE), 30, 79, 97, 155, Meriwether W., 460 156, 237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, MLP, 30, 379 244, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, Moody’s, 177, 380, 475 283 Moore Capital Management, 69 Private issue/regulation D, 416 Morgan Stanley Capital International, 76 Q Mortgage-backed securities, 156, 185, 186, 187 Qualified purchaser, 433 MSCI World, 472 Quantum, 28, 64, 343, 458 Multi-strategy, 154, 155, 156, 254, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 354, 361, R 416 Rabais, 239, 244, 248, 249 Real Estate Investment Trust N (REIT), 201, 317, 333, 379 NASDAQ, 239, 248 Regulation D, 155, 242, 253, 254 Neutralité, 159 Relative value, 156, 174, 233, 252, Neutre en bêta, 159 254, 259, 327, 377, 404, 416 Neutre en dollars, 159, 165 Réplication, 144, 450 New York Post, 71 Rhô, 385 New York Stock Exchange, 239, 256 Risk arbitrage, 29, 155, 156, 208, New York Times, 24, 68, 70 222, 225, 227, 228, 229 Niche, 156 Risque, 93 3422_13_Index.indd 536 12/04/10 9:10:12
  • 5. Index 537 • de contrepartie, 100 Stratégies, 254 • de défaut, 101 • directionnelles, 38, 43, 156 • de gérant, 95 • intermédiaires, 38, 43 • de liquidité, 101 • non directionnelles, 38, 43, 156 • de modèle, 94 Stub trading, 206, 256 • de valorisation, 97 Subprime, 477, 478, 480, 482, 484, • d’industrie, 95 485, 486, 488, 489 • d’infrastructure, 100 Swaps, 20 • d’investissement, 93 Swaptions, 20 • gouvernemental, 100 SwissHEDGE, 512 • opérationnel, 102, 103, 108 Robertson Julian, 28, 64, 65, 343, T 458 TASS, 388 Russell 2000, 350, 351 Taux de mortalité, 136, 412 Russell 3000, 350 Thêta, 385 Tiger Management, 28, 66, 343, 458 S Top-down, 338 SAC Capital Advisors, 70 Trade finance, 279, 283, 286, 287 Trading de corrélation, 327, 330 Sector, 29, 156, 314, 318, 319, 416 Tremont TASS, 79, 390 Securities and Exchange Trend following, 346, 347, 348 Commission (SEC), 24, 25, 67, Trend reversal, 347, 348 108, 133, 240, 323, 357, 432, 452, Tudor Investment Corporation, 69 460, 495 Tudor Jones II Paul, 69 Short bias, 335, 336, 416 Two and twenty, 116 Short selling, 156, 330, 332, 335 Short term trader, 156, 349 V Singapour, 49, 52, 53 Soros Georges, 28, 64, 343, 458 Van Hedge Fund Advisors, 25, 79, S&P 500, 264, 270, 472, 502 133, 134 Special situations, 155, 156, 208, 211 VaR, 96, 97 Spread trades, 173 Véga, 385 Standard and Poor’s, 76, 177, 380, Vente à découvert, 124, 125, 126 475 Volatility arbitrage, 156, 263 Statistical arbitrage, 154, 155, 156, 162, 170, 254 W Steinhardt Michael, 64, 67 Wall Street Journal, 13, 70 Stop loss, 71, 163, 198 Warrants, 20 3422_13_Index.indd 537 12/04/10 9:10:12
  • 6. 3422_13_Index.indd 538 12/04/10 9:10:13