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Myanmar tour
1. Welcome to Myanmar, the Golden Land
Men in skirt-like longyi. Women covered in thanakha, traditional make-up from ground bark. Side-street vendors.
Thousands of history-rich pagodas and monuments. This is Myanmar, also known as the “Golden Land.” Nestled in
between India, Bangladesh, China, Laos, and Thailand, it is one of the most mysterious countries of Southeast Asia.
Also known as Burma, travel in Myanmar had been made famous by the likes of Rudyard Kipling’s and George
Orwell’s writings since the colonial times. Centuries later, Myanmar still is as Rudyard Kipling described in 1880’s, “it
is quite unlike any place you know about”. Besides being home to thousands of monuments preserved from
centuries-old civilizations, Myanmar is also rich in culture and tradition. In fact, one of the most fascinating aspects of
traveling in Myanmar is the opportunity to interact with the welcoming locals and learn about their culture and way of
life. So when you travel to Myanmar, be sure to try their mouth-watering national dishes such as mohinga, rice
noodles in fish soup, and laphet thote, the famous pickled green tea leaf salad!
Yangon
Yangon, formally known as Rangoon, was a capital of Myanmar until the capital was relocated to Naypyidaw in 2006.
Yangon was founded as Dagon by the Mon civilization in the early 11th century. The name Yangon was given by King
Alaungpaya in 1755 after he conquered Dagon. Yan means enemies and gon (pronounced koun) means ran out of.
Until then, Dagon was just a small fishing village centered about the Shwedagon Pagoda.
Myanmar lost Yangon and the Lower Burma in the Second Anglo-Burmese War of 1852. The British then made
Yangon into the commercial and political hub of British Burma and subsequently became the capital of all British
Burma after King Thibaw lost the Third Anglo-Burmese War in 1885. During the colonial times, Yangon became
known as “the garden city of the East” due to its spacious parks, lakes and a mixture of modern and traditional
wooden buildings. On 4th January 1948, Yangon became the capital of Union of Burma when the country regained
independence from the British Empire. In 1989, the government changed the city’s English name Rangoon to
Yangon, along with many other name changes of cities and roads. The name, Burma was also changed to Myanmar
then.
Bagan
With over 2,000 monuments covering an area of 16 square miles, Bagan’s landscape can be overwhelming for
visitors at first sight. Bagan is one of the many legacies left by ancient Myanmar civilizations. Thought to have been
founded by Thamoddarit in the early 2nd century, the earliest monument found in Bagan was the city wall with twelve
gates and a mote, built by King Pyinbya in 849 CE. At its peak, Bagan Kingdom stretched from Bamo (current
Myanmar Kachin state) in the north to Thanlwin River in the south (further down from Yangon). The most revered
king in Myanmar history from Bagan era, King Aanwratha (1044-1077), is accredited for development of Buddhism in
Myanmar. His votive clay tablets, the inscriptions of prayers and donations are found widely in Myanmar. It is thought
to be that the builders of Bagan used both wood and brick materials for the buildings, however, only remains of the
brick buildings can be found after about a thousand years. Rich with ruins from the 11th century, Bagan is a must see
for all visitors. There are several daily direct flights from Yangon to Bagan (Nyaung-U) and it takes about 1 hour 20
minutes. Flights from Mandalay to Bagan (Nyaung-U) take only 30 minutes and it is also the same travel time for
Heho (Inlay) flights to Bagan. See ourflight schedule to look at flights to and from Bagan.
2. Irrawaddy River
Irrawaddy River, in Burmese Ayeyarwady River, is the vein of Myanmar, running though the centre of the country. It is
the country’s longest and commercially most important waterway. Running from the northern tip of Myanmar to
Andaman Sea, it is 2,170 km (1,348 mi) long. Ayeyarwady River has been used for trades and transportations from
the 6th century. It became important commercially to the British Empire during the colonial times as it was the main
mode of transport for goods such as, rice, cotton, teak logs, petroleum and other local commodities. At its widest, the
Ayeyarwady is 7 mi (11 km) wide. The most well-known species of the river is the Irrawaddy Dolphin, Orcaella
brevirostris, a euryhaline species of Oceanic dolphin with a high and rounded forehead. Ayeyarwady is a source of
life in Myanmar for centuries. The main production of rice in Myanmar is in the Irrawaddy Delta, irrigated by water
from the river. The agricultural heartland, the central dry zone, relies on the Ayeyarwady for irrigations.