Gentle Intro to Drupal Code

A Gentle Introduction Addison Berry, Lullabot DrupalCon, Washington, DC 2009

A lot of people get a bit overwhelmed by Drupal coding. Sometimes that leads to running away or hacking.

Systems, Frameworks and APIs, Oh My! API = set of functions that accomplish programming tasks - can be used “publicly” Framework = basic app skeleton that solves common needs in a standardized way CMS = features that help people build sites and manage content Advantages: takes care of nasty, tedious stu; auth., security, etc. and its Open Source :)

Systems, Frameworks and APIs, Oh My! Content Management System built on the API = set of functions that accomplish programming tasks - can be used “publicly” Framework = basic app skeleton that solves common needs in a standardized way CMS = features that help people build sites and manage content Advantages: takes care of nasty, tedious stu; auth., security, etc. and its Open Source :)

Systems, Frameworks and APIs, Oh My! Content Management System built on the Framework, which uses the API = set of functions that accomplish programming tasks - can be used “publicly” Framework = basic app skeleton that solves common needs in a standardized way CMS = features that help people build sites and manage content Advantages: takes care of nasty, tedious stu; auth., security, etc. and its Open Source :)

Systems, Frameworks and APIs, Oh My! Content Management System built on the Framework, which uses the APIs (Application Programming Interface) API = set of functions that accomplish programming tasks - can be used “publicly” Framework = basic app skeleton that solves common needs in a standardized way CMS = features that help people build sites and manage content Advantages: takes care of nasty, tedious stu; auth., security, etc. and its Open Source :)

What is where? CMS > framework > apis Core modules and themes use the framework like everyone else. Everyone should actually look at the ﬁles. Includes folder holds the magic.

What is where? base_path() format_date() l() t() url() CMS > framework > apis Core modules and themes use the framework like everyone else. Everyone should actually look at the ﬁles. Includes folder holds the magic.

Hooks ‣ Naming convention ‣ hook_* where hook is replaced by your module name ‣ Lets modules add their own stuff to Drupal’s workﬂow

A hook example Hey modules! I’m gonna display the permissions page, you have anything you want me to add? Naming convention for functions that lets modules jump in to the Drupal workﬂow

hook_perm Each module can respond by saying they have something. If they don’t have anything, they just don’t use the hook.

blog_perm I do! blog Each module can respond by saying they have something. If they don’t have anything, they just don’t use the hook.

block_perm I do! blog block me too Each module can respond by saying they have something. If they don’t have anything, they just don’t use the hook.

hook_perm I do! blog blogapi block I don’t me too Each module can respond by saying they have something. If they don’t have anything, they just don’t use the hook.

Voila! This is the display that gets made from hook_perm

The Train Analogy • The Node Train leaves the station with node/12 hitched It goes to the hook_nodeapi stop Attaches the taxonomy and comment cars Gets to the Theme depot

Some major players Menu Form Database Theme

output: HTML, RSS actions like: forwarding, login/logout every internal link on a Drupal site is controlled by the menu system

Menu ๏menu.inc != menu.module ๏maps URLs to functions ๏functions can display output and initiate actions output: HTML, RSS actions like: forwarding, login/logout every internal link on a Drupal site is controlled by the menu system

give it an array and it will give you the form not just for devs. themers can control form output

FAPI • form.inc • handles the form, validation and submission give it an array and it will give you the form not just for devs. themers can control form output

dbs are not standardized for creation (schema) built in security

Database • database.inc (and database*.inc) • schema creation • abstracted to work with multiple databases dbs are not standardized for creation (schema) built in security

output is put through the theme system many core theme elements are found in tpl ﬁles in the modules

Theme layer ✦theme.inc ✦system module has default tpls block, box, page ✦ ✦ other tpls are in the module folder output is put through the theme system many core theme elements are found in tpl ﬁles in the modules

Theme’s rule they get a last crack at all output so the themer can change whatever they need a function named mytheme_function_name will trump core and modules

✴Module output uses theme() ✴Order of priority: ✴ theme_function_name() ✴ phptemplate_function_name() ✴ mytheme_function_name() Theme’s rule they get a last crack at all output so the themer can change whatever they need a function named mytheme_function_name will trump core and modules

Resources Developer/Theme handbooks Drupal source/api.drupal.org Dev/Theme mailing lists (drupal.com/mailing-lists) IRC: #drupal (#drupal-dev) #drupal-themes Issue queues Paper books: http://drupal.org/books

Gentle Intro to Drupal Code

by Addison Berry on Mar 06, 2009

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Gentle Intro to Drupal Code — Presentation Transcript

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