3. INDEX
• Introduction
• Personal Life
• Leadership Qualities
• Turning Point
• Gandhi Tactics
• The Indian Struggle
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
• Non-cooperation Movement
• Swadeshi
• Untouchability
• Wheel of Time
• Salt Satyagraha
• Partition
• Assassination
4. INTRODUCTION
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
• Born On: 2 October 1869, Porbandar , Gujarat, India.
• Father: Karamchand Gandhi (1822–1885).
• Mother: Putlibai Gandhi (1839-1891).
• Education: Alfred High School (1877), University College
London, Samaldas arts college.
• Occupation: Lawyer, Peace Activist.
• Assassinated: January 30, 1948, New Delhi.
5. PERSONAL LIFE
• He was shy as a person.
• Kasturba Makhanji became his spouse at the age
of 13.
• Gandhiji was blessed with four children.
• Non-violence and Ahimsa became his two utmost
important principles.
6. LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
• Mahatma Gandhi is universally accepted as an
exemplary model of ethical and moral life. He
considered life growing from ‘truth to truth’ every
day in moral and spiritual status.
a) Self-confidence.
b) Assertiveness.
c) Warmth.
d) Enthusiasm.
e) Persuasion.
f) Foresight.
7. TURNING POINT
In South Africa, Gandhi faced discrimination directed at
Indians.
He was thrown off a train at Pietermaritzburg after
refusing to move from the first class to a third class coach.
Traveling by stagecoach he was beaten by a driver for
refusing to travel on the foot board to make room for a
European.
These events were a turning point in his life, awakening
him to social injustice and influencing him.
8. GANDHIJI TACTICS
• Gandhi employed non-cooperation, non-violence and
peaceful resistance as his "weapons“.
• Even in Punjab, in Jallianwala Bagh massacre of civilians
by British troops caused deep trauma to the nation,
leading to increased public anger and acts of violence.
• Gandhi criticized both the actions of the British Raj and
the retaliatory violence of Indians.
• When he was arrested, he continued his non-violent
protest through hunger strikes.
9. THE INDIAN STRUGGLE
• Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha:
One of his major achievements in 1918 were the Champaran
and Kheda agitations – a movement against British landlords.
• Khilafat Movement:
Gandhiji in the year 1919 approached Muslims, as he found the
position of Congress was quite weak and unstable. Khilafat
Movement is all about the worldwide protest against the status
of Caliph by Muslims.
• Quit India Movement:
This was a civil disobedience movement launched in the year
1942. The Do or Die phrase was applied here where a mass protest
led by the All India Congress Committee was proclaimed on a large
scale.
10. JALLIANWALA BAGH MASSACRE
• The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the
Amritsar massacre.
• On 13 April 1919, a crowd of nonviolent protesters, along
with Baishakhi pilgrims, had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh
to protest against the arrest of two leaders
• The army fired on the crowd for ten minutes, directing
bullets towards open gates.
• The figures released by the British government were 370
dead and 1200 wounded.
• Other sources place the number dead at well over 1000.
11. Non-Cooperation MOVEMENT
• Gandhiji’s main motive was to establish non-cooperation,
non-violence and made this non-violent movements as his
weapons against Britishers.
• We are all aware about the Jallianwala Bagh massacre,
where hundreds of innocent died.
• Gandhiji’s strong decision took actions against British Raj
and then he began to focus on forming self-government
and soon establish Swaraj.
• And hence, non-cooperation was well established. Further
even the no nonviolence movement included Swadeshi.
12. Untouchability
• On September 20, 1932 Mahatma Gandhi, who was in
Yeravda Jail, went on a fast as a protest against the
segregation of the so-called "untouchables"
• Temples, wells and public places were thrown open to the
"untouchables".
• A new organization, Harijan Sevak Sangh was founded to
combat untouchability.
• A new weekly paper, the Harijan, was started.
• Harijan was Gandhi’s name for the "untouchables“
13. SWADESHI
• The Swadeshi movement started with the partition of
Bengal in 1905 and continued up to 1911.
• It was the most successful of the pre-Gandhi
movements.
• Swadeshi was a key focus of Mahatma Gandhi, who
described it as the soul of Swaraj (self rule).
• Gandhi, at the time of the actual movement,
remained loyal to the British Crown.
14. WHEEL OF TIME
• The Charkha is the symbol of non-violence.
• An instrument which spun the destiny of the country and
symbolised his identification with the poor.
• He spun his own yarn and made his own cloth.
• He encouraged others to do the same and not buying
imported British material
• And his constant companion, the spinning wheel,
remained with him wherever he went,
15. SALT SATYAGRAHA
• Salt March was an active movement carried out in the
year 1930.
• Salt march mainly known as Salt Satyagraha which began
with Dandi march in the year 1930.
• This movement was an essential part of Indian
Independence movement and non-violent resistance
against tax.
• On the 24th day, he vowed to produce more salt without
paying any tax and soon he broke the law for salt.
16. PARTITION
• Gandhiji had serious doubts on the decision of
partition.
• It was decided to divide India into two separate
countries India and Pakistan.
• To avoid the Hindu - Muslim riots.
• Gandhiji was strongly against this idea, but was
forced to agree because of the threat of civil war.
17. ASSASSINATION
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, better known
as Mahatma Gandhi, was assassinated on 30 January
1948, shot at close range by Nathuram Godse.
• Gandhi was outside on the steps of a building where
a prayer meeting was going to take place.
• He was surrounded by a part of his family and some
followers when three gunshots killed him.
• Prior to his death, there had been five unsuccessful
attempts to kill Gandhi, the first occurring in 1934.
18. IMPACT ON OTHERS
• People deeply inspired and motivated by Mahatma
Gandhi’s teaching and followed his principles:
a) Barack Obama
b) Martin Luther King
c) Steve Jobs
d) Albert Einstein
e) Nelson Mandela
