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The SOAP Symposium – III
         Open Access Publishing Today:
          What scientists do and why
     Suenje Dallmeier-Tiessen, Robert Darby, Bettina Goerner, Jenni Hyppoelae,
       Peter Igo-Kemenes, Deborah Kahn, Simon Lambert, Anja Lengenfelder,
     Chris Leonard, Salvatore Mele, Malgorzata Nowicka, Panayiota Polydoratou,
David Ross, Sergio Ruiz-Perez, Ralf Schimmer, Mark Swaisland and Wim van der Stelt
               BMC, CERN, MPDL, SAGE, Springer and STFC

                                  Presented by
                            Salvatore MELE, CERN


                 SOAP Symposium, January 13th, 2011, Berlin


                    project-soap.eu
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    2
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    3
Remember…

 About 10% of scholarly articles are
published in Open Access journals…




  Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   4
Why did you publish OA?
         A follow-up survey
                                 (n = 2’594 – 2’664)




                        Irrelevant            Less      Important   Extremely
                                            important               important

Salvatore MELE | CERN                SOAP Symposium                 5
Why did you publish OA?
         Scientists who paid fees to publish OA
                                (n = 1,143 – 1,159)




                        Irrelevant              Less      Important   Extremely
                                              important               important

Salvatore MELE | CERN                SOAP Symposium                   6
Why did you publish OA?
         Scientists who did not pay fees to publish OA
                                 (n = 1,451 – 1,505)




                        Irrelevant            Less      Important   Extremely
                                            important               important

Salvatore MELE | CERN                SOAP Symposium                 7
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    8
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    9
Which fee did you pay for
          your last OA article?
                        (n=22,977)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   10
Which fee did you pay for
           your last OA article?
                        (n=22,977)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   11
Why did you not pay to publish OA?
          A follow-up survey
                        (n = 1,786)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium     12
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    13
How was this fee covered?
                        (n = 9’645)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   14
How was this fee covered?
                                                                (n = 9’645)
                                                       0%	
     20%	
     40%	
     60%	
     80%	
   100%	
  

         Astronomy	
  and	
  space	
  science	
  

                              Earth	
  sciences	
  

                        Biological	
  sciences	
  

           Physics	
  and	
  related	
  sciences	
  

Mathema>cal	
  and	
  computer	
  sciences	
                                                                     Research	
  funding	
  includes	
  

            Engineering	
  and	
  technology	
                                                                   Funding	
  not	
  intended	
  
                                                                                                                 My	
  ins>tu>on	
  paid	
  
                                   Psychology	
  
                                                                                                                 I	
  paid	
  myself	
  
                                    Chemistry	
  
                                                                                                                 Other	
  	
  
      Agriculture	
  and	
  related	
  sciences	
  

                              Social	
  sciences	
  
       Medicine,	
  den>stry	
  and	
  related	
  
                     subjects	
  
  Business	
  and	
  administra>ve	
  studies	
  

                                    Educa>on	
  
    Salvatore MELE | CERN                                       SOAP Symposium                                                             15
How was this fee covered?
                                                                  (n = 9’645)
                                           0%	
     20%	
     40%	
     60%	
     80%	
     100%	
  
               Korea,	
  South	
  
                             China	
  
                             Japan	
  
                     Singapore	
  
                             Israel	
  
United	
  States	
  of	
  America	
  
                             Spain	
  
                           Poland	
  
                           Austria	
                                                                   Research	
  funding	
  includes	
  
                               Italy	
                                                                 Funding	
  not	
  intended	
  
                           Canada	
  
           United	
  Kingdom	
                                                                         My	
  ins>tu>on	
  paid	
  
                           Finland	
  
                      Germany	
                                                                        I	
  paid	
  myself	
  
                            Russia	
  
                           Mexico	
                                                                    Other	
  	
  
                          Sweden	
  
                         Portugal	
  
                             Brazil	
  
                           Taiwan	
  
               Netherlands	
  
                            France	
  
                              India	
  
                          Belgium	
  
                Switzerland	
  
             Salvatore MELE | CERN                                SOAP Symposium                                                 16
How easy was it to obtain funds?
                        (n = 8’208)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   17
How easy was it to obtain funds?
                        (n = 8’208)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   18
How easy was it to obtain funds?
                                                        (n = 8’208)
                                          0%	
   20%	
   40%	
   60%	
   80%	
   100%	
  


      Industrial/commercial	
  


            Research	
  ins>tute	
  
                                                                                            Easy	
  

                   Government	
                                                             Difficult	
  


        University	
  or	
  college	
                                                       I	
  have	
  not	
  used	
  these	
  
                                                                                            sources	
  

                             Other	
  


Hospital	
  or	
  medical	
  school	
  
      Salvatore MELE | CERN                             SOAP Symposium                                                    19
How easy was it to obtain funds?
                                                                          (n = 8’208)
                                                    Easy	
      Difficult	
           I	
  have	
  not	
  used	
  these	
  sources	
  
                                           0%	
       10%	
     20%	
         30%	
      40%	
        50%	
        60%	
        70%	
     80%	
     90%	
     100%	
  
                             Japan	
  
               Korea,	
  South	
  
                           Austria	
  
                      Germany	
  
                           Taiwan	
  
                Switzerland	
  
               Netherlands	
  
                     Singapore	
  
                           Finland	
  
United	
  States	
  of	
  America	
  
                             China	
  
                      Denmark	
  
                          Belgium	
  
                            France	
  
                           Canada	
  
           United	
  Kingdom	
  
                             Spain	
  
                           Poland	
  
                          Sweden	
  
                             Israel	
  
                               Italy	
  
                             Brazil	
  
                         Portugal	
  
                      Australia	
  
                                Iran	
  
            Salvatore MELE | CERN                                             SOAP Symposium                                                                    20
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    21
How much would you pay to publish OA?
         A follow-up survey
                        (n = 1’280)




Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   22
How much would you pay to publish OA?
         Those who published and easily paid fees (n=454)




Salvatore MELE | CERN    SOAP Symposium                23
How much would you pay to publish OA?
                              Those who published & paid fees with difficulty (n=666)
                                                             0%	
     5%	
        10%	
     15%	
     20%	
     25%	
          30%	
  

       I	
  would	
  not	
  accept	
  any	
  fee	
  

                   Less	
  than	
  €50	
  ($65)	
  

            €50	
  -­‐	
  €100	
  ($65	
  -­‐	
  $130)	
  

        €100	
  -­‐	
  €300	
  ($130	
  -­‐	
  $390)	
  

        €300	
  -­‐	
  €500	
  ($390	
  -­‐	
  $650)	
  

    €500	
  -­‐	
  €1000	
  ($650	
  -­‐	
  $1300)	
  

€1000	
  -­‐	
  €2000	
  ($1300	
  -­‐	
  $2600)	
  

        More	
  than	
  €2000	
  ($2600)	
  

               Salvatore MELE | CERN                                      SOAP Symposium                                  24
How much would you pay to publish OA?
Medicine and related subjects (n=411)
How much would you pay to publish OA?
Earth sciences (n=81)
How much would you pay to publish OA?
Biological sciences (n=411)
Remember…

 About 10% of scholarly articles are
published in Open Access journals…

 …but about 90% of scholars think
   Open Access is beneficial



  Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   28
Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium   29
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    30
Was there a reason not to publish OA?

42% gave a reason; 5’000 answers; 60’000 words




 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium     31
Was there a reason not to publish OA?
                        (n = 4’976)




Salvatore MELE | CERN    SOAP Symposium    32
Was there a reason not to publish OA?
                        (n = 4’976)




Salvatore MELE | CERN    SOAP Symposium    33
Do demand and supply for high Impact-
                 Factor OA journals match?




Does not publish because of “quality”=20%   Does not publish because of “quality”=23%




Does not publish because of “quality”=32%   Does not publish because of “quality”=39%

       Salvatore MELE | CERN        SOAP Symposium                          34
Outline


Why do scholars publish OA?
What about fees?
       How much do scholars pay to publish OA ?
       How do they pay ?
       How much are they ready to pay ?
Why don’t scholars publish OA?
What should be changed?

 Salvatore MELE | CERN   SOAP Symposium    35
What should be changed
                             for scientists to publish OA ?
                                                                 (n = 1’060 – 1’077)

  Quality	
  or	
  pres>ge	
  of	
  OA	
  journal	
  
                                 Impact	
  factor	
  
                         Waivers	
  or	
  no	
  fees	
  
                     Publisher	
  reputa>on	
  
More	
  good	
  OA	
  journals	
  in	
  my	
  field	
  
                  Lower	
  publica>on	
  fees	
  
          OA	
  journal	
  count	
  for	
  career	
  
            Faster	
  publica>on	
  process	
  
               Journal	
  converted	
  to	
  OA	
  
   Ease	
  to	
  obtain	
  funds	
  to	
  pay	
  fees	
  
Recommenda>on	
  from	
  colleagues	
  
                                                    Irrelevant                 Less      Important    Extremely
                                                                             important                important
               Salvatore MELE | CERN                                SOAP Symposium                   36
Summary
Gap between beliefs and actions:
Major limitation: (perceived) lack of high-quality OA
journals
Major barrier: fees and funding

Sizable country-by-country and discipline-
by-discipline difference


                    One size does not fit all !
     Salvatore MELE | CERN    SOAP Symposium            37
Thank you!
     Project team: info@project-soap.eu
Project co-ordinator: Salvatore.Mele@cern.ch

         Website: http://soap-fp7.eu




           project-soap.eu

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Soap symposium-talk-iii

  • 1. The SOAP Symposium – III Open Access Publishing Today: What scientists do and why Suenje Dallmeier-Tiessen, Robert Darby, Bettina Goerner, Jenni Hyppoelae, Peter Igo-Kemenes, Deborah Kahn, Simon Lambert, Anja Lengenfelder, Chris Leonard, Salvatore Mele, Malgorzata Nowicka, Panayiota Polydoratou, David Ross, Sergio Ruiz-Perez, Ralf Schimmer, Mark Swaisland and Wim van der Stelt BMC, CERN, MPDL, SAGE, Springer and STFC Presented by Salvatore MELE, CERN SOAP Symposium, January 13th, 2011, Berlin project-soap.eu
  • 2. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 2
  • 3. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 3
  • 4. Remember… About 10% of scholarly articles are published in Open Access journals… Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 4
  • 5. Why did you publish OA? A follow-up survey (n = 2’594 – 2’664) Irrelevant Less Important Extremely important important Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 5
  • 6. Why did you publish OA? Scientists who paid fees to publish OA (n = 1,143 – 1,159) Irrelevant Less Important Extremely important important Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 6
  • 7. Why did you publish OA? Scientists who did not pay fees to publish OA (n = 1,451 – 1,505) Irrelevant Less Important Extremely important important Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 7
  • 8. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 8
  • 9. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 9
  • 10. Which fee did you pay for your last OA article? (n=22,977) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 10
  • 11. Which fee did you pay for your last OA article? (n=22,977) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 11
  • 12. Why did you not pay to publish OA? A follow-up survey (n = 1,786) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 12
  • 13. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 13
  • 14. How was this fee covered? (n = 9’645) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 14
  • 15. How was this fee covered? (n = 9’645) 0%   20%   40%   60%   80%   100%   Astronomy  and  space  science   Earth  sciences   Biological  sciences   Physics  and  related  sciences   Mathema>cal  and  computer  sciences   Research  funding  includes   Engineering  and  technology   Funding  not  intended   My  ins>tu>on  paid   Psychology   I  paid  myself   Chemistry   Other     Agriculture  and  related  sciences   Social  sciences   Medicine,  den>stry  and  related   subjects   Business  and  administra>ve  studies   Educa>on   Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 15
  • 16. How was this fee covered? (n = 9’645) 0%   20%   40%   60%   80%   100%   Korea,  South   China   Japan   Singapore   Israel   United  States  of  America   Spain   Poland   Austria   Research  funding  includes   Italy   Funding  not  intended   Canada   United  Kingdom   My  ins>tu>on  paid   Finland   Germany   I  paid  myself   Russia   Mexico   Other     Sweden   Portugal   Brazil   Taiwan   Netherlands   France   India   Belgium   Switzerland   Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 16
  • 17. How easy was it to obtain funds? (n = 8’208) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 17
  • 18. How easy was it to obtain funds? (n = 8’208) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 18
  • 19. How easy was it to obtain funds? (n = 8’208) 0%   20%   40%   60%   80%   100%   Industrial/commercial   Research  ins>tute   Easy   Government   Difficult   University  or  college   I  have  not  used  these   sources   Other   Hospital  or  medical  school   Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 19
  • 20. How easy was it to obtain funds? (n = 8’208) Easy   Difficult   I  have  not  used  these  sources   0%   10%   20%   30%   40%   50%   60%   70%   80%   90%   100%   Japan   Korea,  South   Austria   Germany   Taiwan   Switzerland   Netherlands   Singapore   Finland   United  States  of  America   China   Denmark   Belgium   France   Canada   United  Kingdom   Spain   Poland   Sweden   Israel   Italy   Brazil   Portugal   Australia   Iran   Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 20
  • 21. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 21
  • 22. How much would you pay to publish OA? A follow-up survey (n = 1’280) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 22
  • 23. How much would you pay to publish OA? Those who published and easily paid fees (n=454) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 23
  • 24. How much would you pay to publish OA? Those who published & paid fees with difficulty (n=666) 0%   5%   10%   15%   20%   25%   30%   I  would  not  accept  any  fee   Less  than  €50  ($65)   €50  -­‐  €100  ($65  -­‐  $130)   €100  -­‐  €300  ($130  -­‐  $390)   €300  -­‐  €500  ($390  -­‐  $650)   €500  -­‐  €1000  ($650  -­‐  $1300)   €1000  -­‐  €2000  ($1300  -­‐  $2600)   More  than  €2000  ($2600)   Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 24
  • 25. How much would you pay to publish OA? Medicine and related subjects (n=411)
  • 26. How much would you pay to publish OA? Earth sciences (n=81)
  • 27. How much would you pay to publish OA? Biological sciences (n=411)
  • 28. Remember… About 10% of scholarly articles are published in Open Access journals… …but about 90% of scholars think Open Access is beneficial Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 28
  • 29. Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 29
  • 30. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 30
  • 31. Was there a reason not to publish OA? 42% gave a reason; 5’000 answers; 60’000 words Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 31
  • 32. Was there a reason not to publish OA? (n = 4’976) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 32
  • 33. Was there a reason not to publish OA? (n = 4’976) Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 33
  • 34. Do demand and supply for high Impact- Factor OA journals match? Does not publish because of “quality”=20% Does not publish because of “quality”=23% Does not publish because of “quality”=32% Does not publish because of “quality”=39% Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 34
  • 35. Outline Why do scholars publish OA? What about fees? How much do scholars pay to publish OA ? How do they pay ? How much are they ready to pay ? Why don’t scholars publish OA? What should be changed? Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 35
  • 36. What should be changed for scientists to publish OA ? (n = 1’060 – 1’077) Quality  or  pres>ge  of  OA  journal   Impact  factor   Waivers  or  no  fees   Publisher  reputa>on   More  good  OA  journals  in  my  field   Lower  publica>on  fees   OA  journal  count  for  career   Faster  publica>on  process   Journal  converted  to  OA   Ease  to  obtain  funds  to  pay  fees   Recommenda>on  from  colleagues   Irrelevant Less Important Extremely important important Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 36
  • 37. Summary Gap between beliefs and actions: Major limitation: (perceived) lack of high-quality OA journals Major barrier: fees and funding Sizable country-by-country and discipline- by-discipline difference One size does not fit all ! Salvatore MELE | CERN SOAP Symposium 37
  • 38. Thank you! Project team: info@project-soap.eu Project co-ordinator: Salvatore.Mele@cern.ch Website: http://soap-fp7.eu project-soap.eu