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1. Liberty University ENGL 101 test 1 complete solutions correct answers key
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Please refer to this text in order to answer the following 5 questions.
Did My Car Join Al Qaeda?
By Woody Hochswender
I drive a large, four-wheeldrive vehicle. Does that mean I'm a bad person? You might think so, from all
the sturm und drang we've heard lately from the Virtuous Ones who insist that America's fuel
consumption indeed, our very style of life is somehow responsible for the enmity toward us in the
Middle East, not to mention the rest of the world. A series of TV commercials put together by the
columnist Arianna Huffington and Lawrence Bender, the Hollywood producer behind ''Pulp Fiction,''
have even linked S.U.V.'s with Mideast terrorism. The idea is that the petrodollars transmigrate from the
Gas 'n' Go to the oil sheiks to the hands of maniacs wielding AK47's.
Leaving aside for the moment that this is trendy, illogical thinking and leaving aside also the odd
sensation of being lectured on socially responsible behavior by the producer of ''Pulp Fiction'' isn't
this really a backdoor way of blaming America for Sept. 11 and other crimes like it? Those who implicate
Americans particularly our adventurous habits, offbeat choices and breathtaking freedoms, including
the freedom to drive to a poetry reading followed by dinner at a French restaurant in the midst of a
raging snowstorm validate the terrorists as essentially right
Where I live, about 100 miles north of New York City, at least half of all the vehicles you see on the
road are S.U.V.'s or other light trucks. They make a great deal of sense. This is not just because we have
plenty of long, steep driveways and miles and miles of dirt roads. We also have had more than 70
inches of snow this winter. When the sun goes down and the melted snow refreezes, the roads are
covered with insidious stretches of black ice.
Four-wheeldrive vehicles allow workers to get to and from their jobs, and parents to transport their
children safely to school, sporting events, ballet classes and the rest. Yes, there is something vaguely
obscene about driving solo to the supermarket in Beverly Hills to pick up a carton of milk in your
two-ton Navigator. But not so much in Portland or Green Bay or Chicago. The wellpublicized notion
that S.U.V.'s are actually unsafe, based on their propensity to roll over, does not take into account

2. personal responsibility. Rollover accidents tend to be something the driver has a substantial degree of
control over. I choose not to whip around corners or to follow others so closely and at such high speeds
that I have to make harrowing emergency stops. I drive so as not to roll over
However, if some drunken driver veers across the center divider a situation I have no control over I
would prefer that my 9yearold and I not be inside a Corolla. From the standpoint of a reasoned
individualism, S.U.V.'s are safer in many situations than cars. I think a lot of intelligent people realize
that. Of course, S.U.V.'s use a lot of gas. This goes for my wife's all-wheel-drive Volvo as well as for my
voracious mistress, my 1989 GMC. But a car's miles-per-gallon rating is only one measure of fuel
efficiency. Miles driven is another. People who drive light trucks quickly learn not to drive around
aimlessly. We tend to combine trips and to keep engines finely tuned and tires properly inflated. It all
comes down to home economics.
What are we supposed to do now, turn our S.U.V.'s in? En masse? Only the independently wealthy can
treat their cars purely as fashion items. The S.U.V.-bashers' argument also falls apart on macroeconomic
grounds. Were we to somehow cut our national fuel consumption by 20 percent, would that deprive
the terrorism sponsors of cash? Unfortunately, the world oil market is, well, a market. Even if America
were energy independent, there is no guarantee that Exxon, Texaco and Getty or, for that matter,
France, the Netherlands and Japan would cease buying oil from Middle Eastern states.
My guess is that this campaign has less to do with politics and economics than with an American
tendency to mind everybody else's business. So, busybodies, let me ask you a question: How big is
your house? Ms. Huffington's is reported to be 9,000 square feet. We all know what it costs to heat
and air-condition a joint like that. A couple of years ago I replaced the aging oil furnace in my 3,000
square-foot house with a new fuel-injected system. It saves me about 800 gallons of oil a year. Hey,
that's almost precisely the yearly fuel consumption of my GMC. I think of that as progress, for me, as a
world citizen. Maybe I'm not such a bad person after all.
Question 1 According to the writer, one good reason to own a SUV is that
Question 2 The writer argues against the notion that
Question 3 One of the writer’s main argument is that
Question 4 One rebuttal the writer offers is that

3. Question 5 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 6 Sometimes, appeals to emotion are even more powerful than logic in their effect on an
audience.
Question 7 A _____ is information that can be taken as verifiable and is believed to have objective reality.
Question 8 More than any other kind of writing, argument relies on
Question 9 Toulmin Model arguments include:
Question 10 A carefully constructed argument includes
Question 11 Argument is always about winners and losers.
Question 12 _____ is the connection, typically assumed and unstated, between a claim and the
supporting reasons.
Question 13 Evidence can be made up of
Question 14 Pathos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 15 _____ is a way of reasoning in which a general statement is reached on the basis of specific
examples.
Question 16 _____ is/are the main idea in an argument.
Question 17 Critical reading of a visual image must include analysis of
Question 18 Empirical evidence is based upon
Question 19 _____ is a process of reasoning that presents reasons or proofs to support a position, belief,
or conclusion.
Question 20 Warrants are
Question 21 Argumentative essays must be rational, reflecting a process of logical thinking.
Question 22 Some arguments are conducted solely to explore a topic and increase understanding of
an issue.

4. Question 23 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? A friend reasons that his
car must be mechanically superior to your car because his car cost significantly more to purchase than
your car did.
Question 24 Visual literacy involves an ability to analyze simple and complex images in terms of their
design and content.
Question 25 Ethos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 1 The writer argues against the notion that
Question 2 One central argument the writer makes is that
Question 3 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 4 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 5 The writer says that “intelligent” people realize that SUVs offer protection against injury in
collisions. “Intelligent” implies that
Question 6 Empirical evidence is based upon
Question 7 Some arguments are conducted solely to explore a topic and increase understanding of an
issue.
Question 8 _____ are the reasons, support, and evidence offered to support a claim.
Question 9 Evidence can be made up of
Question 10 Arguments are based upon ideas that are open to dispute or debate.
Question 11 A _____ is information that can be taken as verifiable and is believed to have objective
reality.
Question 12 Deductions establish that a conclusion must be true because the premises are also true.
Question 13 Visual images can be read as texts conveying powerful cultural messages and arguments.
Question 14 Argument is always about winners and losers.

5. Question 15 More than any other kind of writing, argument relies on
Question 16 Critical reading of a visual image must include analysis of
Question 17 The Toulmin Model of argument includes claim, reason, and warrant.
Question 18 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? An irate parent at the
school board meeting to discuss uniforms points out that one of the members of the board was a
sloppy dresser when he was in high school.
Question 19 _____ is a way of reasoning in which a general statement is reached on the basis of specific
examples.
Question 20 _____ is/are the main idea in an argument.
Question 21 What type of reasoning are advertisers using when they showcase a parade of satisfied
customers who claim the product has worked for them?
Question 22 _____ are any materials that serve to prove a claim.
Question 23 The purpose of some arguments is to
Question 24 _____ is a process of reasoning that presents reasons or proofs to support a position, belief,
or conclusion.
Question 25 Honest and truthful argument, though difficult to achieve, is essential to the health of
democracy and of nations around the world.
Question 1 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 2 One of the writer’s main argument is that
Question 3 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 4 One central argument the writer makes is that
Question 5 One of the writer’s main argument is that
Question 6 Argument is always about winners and losers.

6. Question 7 Warrants are
Question 8 Judgments based upon beliefs, values, and culture are
Question 9 A carefully constructed argument includes
Question 10 _____ is another term for claim.
Question 11 Ethos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 12 _____ is a process of reasoning that seeks valid conclusions.
Question 13 Pathos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 14 Empirical evidence is based upon
Question 15 The Toulmin Model of argument includes claim, reason, and warrant.
Question 16 Argumentative essays must be rational, reflecting a process of logical thinking.
Question 17 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? A letter to the editor
published in the local newspaper says that either the school board must require students to wear
uniforms or the schools will be overrun with juvenile gangs.
Question 18 A _____ is information that can be taken as verifiable and is believed to have objective
reality.
Question 19 More than any other kind of writing, argument relies on
Question 20 Evidence can be made up of
Question 21 Honest and truthful argument, though difficult to achieve, is essential to the health of
democracy and of nations around the world.
Question 22 Visual literacy involves an ability to analyze simple and complex images in terms of their
design and content.
Question 23 Toulmin Model arguments include:
Question 24 Sometimes, appeals to emotion are even more powerful than logic in their effect on an
audience.

7. Question 25 Critical reading of a visual image must include analysis of
Question 1 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 2 The writer says that “intelligent” people realize that SUVs offer protection against injury in
collisions. “Intelligent” implies that
Question 3 The writer argues against the notion that
Question 4 This article argues against the notion that
Question 5 One rebuttal the writer offers is that
Question 6 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? An irate parent at the
school board meeting to discuss uniforms points out that one of the members of the board was a
sloppy dresser when he was in high school.
Question 7 _____ are any materials that serve to prove a claim.
Question 8 Deductions establish that a conclusion must be true because the premises are also true.
Question 9 Ethos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 10 Critical reading of a visual image must include analysis of
Question 12 Arguments are always intended to change what the other person thinks.
Question 13 _____ is the connection, typically assumed and unstated, between a claim and the
supporting reasons.
Question 14 _____ is a way of reasoning in which a general statement is reached on the basis of specific
examples.
Question 15 Refutation is
Question 16 Warrants are
Question 17 Evidence can be made up of

8. Question 18 _____ are the reasons, support, and evidence offered to support a claim.
Question 19 A _____ is information that can be taken as verifiable and is believed to have objective
reality.
Question 20 Argument is always about winners and losers.
Question 21 Toulmin Model arguments include:
Question 22 _____ is a process of reasoning that presents reasons or proofs to support a position, belief,
or conclusion.
Question 23 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? A friend reasons that his
car must be mechanically superior to your car because his car cost significantly more to purchase than
your car did.
Question 24 Visual texts can contain implicit and explicit messages.
Question 25 _____ is a process of reasoning that seeks valid conclusions.
Question 1 The writer’s argument that a cut in U.S. fuel consumption would not affect the market of
Mideast oil is flawed because
Question 2 One of the writer’s main argument is that
Question 3 This article appeared on the New York Times oped page. Consequently, it’s one reasonably
assume that
Question 4 The writer’s argument that a cut in U.S. fuel consumption would not affect the market of
Mideast oil is flawed because
Question 5 One central argument the writer makes is that
Question 6 Empirical evidence is based upon
Question 7 Deductions establish that a conclusion must be true because the premises are also true.
Question 8 Logos evidence can include

9. Question 9 Arguments are always intended to change what the other person thinks.
Question 10 Visual images can be read as texts conveying powerful cultural messages and arguments.
Question 11 The purpose of some arguments is to
Question 12 Which logical fallacy is best illustrated by the following scenario? You catch the flu a few
weeks after receiving a flu vaccination, and you conclude that the vaccination must have given you the
flu.
Question 13 Ethos arguments appeal to a reader's
Question 14 More than any other kind of writing, argument relies on
Question 15 Honest and truthful argument, though difficult to achieve, is essential to the health of
democracy and of nations around the world.
Question 16 The Toulmin Model of argument includes claim, reason, and warrant.
Question 17 Sometimes, appeals to emotion are even more powerful than logic in their effect on an
audience.
Question 18 Valid argument can produce
Question 19 _____ are the reasons, support, and evidence offered to support a claim.
Question 20 Argumentative essays must be rational, reflecting a process of logical thinking.
Question 21 Some arguments are conducted solely to explore a topic and increase understanding of
an issue.
Question 22 Facts are different from opinions.
Question 23 Critical reading of a visual image must include analysis of
Question 24 A _____ is information that can be taken as verifiable and is believed to have objective
reality.
Question 25 Judgments based upon beliefs, values, and culture are