The document discusses the history of hackathons, from early events focused on open source software development to modern hackathons that are competitive, sponsored by brands, or focused on non-technical fields. It notes that while early hackathons were small communal events, their popularity has grown significantly in recent years. The document also categorizes different types of modern hackathons such as startup hackathons and competitive community hackathons, and discusses the motivations for both hackers and sponsors of hackathon events.