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1. SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION

2. WHAT IS SEXUAL REPRODUCTION?
• It is the production of offsprings by the
fusion of two gametes which are
obtained from two different individuals [
one male and other female] of the same
species.
• Gametes are the special cells produced
for reproduction by special reproductive
organ .
• Sexual reproduction always includes the
process of FERTILISATION.

3. FERTILISATION
• The process of fusion of two gametes to
produce the first single cell is called
fertilisation.
• The first cell formed after fertilisation is called
ZYGOTE.
• Fertilisation is of two types :
1. External Fertilisation: Fertilisation takes
place outside the body. Eg Frogs, Fish etc.
2. Internal Fertilisation: The fusion of the
gametes occurs inside the female reproductive
tract.

4. Characteristics of sexual reproduction
• It usually occurs in complex multicellular
organisms.
• It involves fusion of gametes from different
individuals and hence brings about diverse
character.
• It also leads to incorporate new combinations
of genes.
• It’s important Feature is the formation of
GAMETES.

5. FORMATION OF GAMETES
• Gametes are formed in the specialized organs.
• They are formed by a special kind of cell
division called meiotic division.
• This is the kind of division where the genetic
content of the cells is reduced to half. That is if
the somatic cells of the body have 2n
chromosomes then the gametes would have n
number of chromosomes.

7. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering
plants
• The flowering plants reproduce by sexual
methods, for which they develop special
organs.
• The flower is the reproductory organ system
which is further divided into sub parts which
play specific functions in the process of
reproduction.
• It is divided into 2 major parts called the
Acessory Whorl and Essential whorl.

8. • The following is the bifurcation of the
structure of the flower:
• Accessory Whorl:
1. Sepal [ CALYX]
2. Petals [COROLLA]
• Essential Whorl:
1. Stamen [ ANDROCEIUM]
2. Pistil [GYNOCEIUM]

9. Structures of a typical flower:
Angiosperms reproduce sexually by producing flowers