4. I2R Losses
LV Loss Zones
• Transformer Connections
• ACB Connections
• Feeder Pillar Connections
• Distribution Box connections
• Meter Connections
• LV ABC Connections
• D Loops / Binding wire
Service Connections
LVDS carries High Currents
Each Connection generates a heat loss
Every
Connection
counts
5. Equipment ~Loss Per Annum With
Conventional/ Existing
Connection System
Loss / p.a. for
1000 Nos.
population
Transformer 11kV/415 V
( 1 MVA)
INR 55000 INR 5.50 Crs
ACB 2000A INR 13000 INR 1.3 Crs
PG Clamp Dog to Dog INR 2000 INR 0.20 Crs
Total Annual Loss INR 7 Crs
Conventional connectors have high I Square R Losses
1 Unit = INR 5/-
Excludes Cost of
equipment failure
and revenue loss
Example
6. Transformer Connector
Shear Bolt Technology
Wedge Connectors
~80% Loss
reduction* over
Conventional
Connectors
* Source: Case Study: CR Values established in
Delhi Utilities & SARI Report US AID
Loss Reduction Initiatives
Low Resistance Connector Systems
7. LVDS: Non-Technical Losses
Non-
Technical
Losses
Metering
Losses
Faulty Meters
Tampered Meters
CT / PT Errors
No DT Metering
No Energy Audits
Theft
Bare Conductors /
LV ABC / Service cables
Transformers/ Distribution
Boxes / FP / Meters
Billing
Errors
Incorrect Billing
Defaulters
unpunished
8. Theft of Electricity
• Direct Hooking on Bare OH / Transformers / Distribution Boxes
• Nails/ Insulation Piercing Connectors on LV ABC / Service Cables
• Energy Meter Bye Pass
