2. 1
eqDr IkkB~; l kexzh
fgUnh^v * ( 002) , oa^c* ( 085)
1- fo"k; %LokLF;
i zLrkouk
d{kk uohaesa^LokLF; * fo"k; dsvarxZr bl eqDr i kB~; l kexzhesat ad i wQM ds?kkrd i zHkkoksai j
rF; kRed t kudkjhi zLrqr dhx; hgS] ft l l sf' k{kkFkhZbl fo"k; i j Kkukt Zu djdsvi uh' kSyhesa
l q/ kj ykl dsavkSj l ekt esat ad i wQMdsf[ kyki Qt kx: drkykusesal gk; d fl ¼ gksl dsaA
l kjka' k
vkt dscPpsdy dkHkfo"; gSa& bl oDrO; dkHkkjr dsfy, fo' ks"kegÙo gS] D; ksafd vkt Hkkjr
esafo' o dhrqyukesal cl svf/ d fd' kksj gSaaAt ad i wQMdsi zfr cPpksadsyxko usmudhLokLF;
l EcU/ h l eL; kvksadks, d pqukSrh ds: i esaykdj ns' k dsl keus[ kM+k dj fn; k gSA ns' k esa
fpfdRl d] f' k{kkfon] vfHkHkkod l Hkhfpafrr gSaD; ksafd t ad i wQMdsl sou l scPpsmu chekfj; ksads
f' kdkj gksjgsgSat ksvf/ d mezdsyksxksaesagqvkdjrhFkhAfLFkfr dhxaHkhjrkdksn' kkZusdsfy,
bl vè; ; u l kexzhesarF; kRed t kudkjhi zLrqr dht k jghgSAt ad i wQM l smRi Uu l eL; kvksai j
vki vi usfo| ky; esa] vi usi fjokj esappkZdjsaAvki Lo; at ad i wQMdkmi ; ksx can djsavkSj bl
fn' kkesal q/ kj ykusdsfy, i z; kl djsaA
LokLF; dsfy, ”kgj gSt ad i wQM
egt 10 l ky dk vuqjkx u dsoy e/ qesg t Sl h chekjh dk
f' kdkj gScfYd og ân; jksxh Hkh gkspqdk gSA vkt ml ds
ekrk&fi rk ml st cjnLrh O; k; ke dk jkLrk fn[ kk jgsgSaysfdu
ml dkFkqyFkqy ' kjhj vc l kFkughansi kjgkgSA, sl kughagSfd
og ges' kk l sgh, sl k FkkAog HkhLoLFk Fkk ysfdu ^t ad i wQM*
dhyyd usml sbl dxkj i j i gq¡pkfn; kgSAgkykafd ; g gky

3. 2
fl i QZvuqjkx dkghughagS] cfYd bl dhpi sVesaosreke cPpsvkjg gSat kst ad i wQMl aLo`Qfr ds
t ky esai Qal pqdsgSaA
vk/ qfud jgu&l gu vkSj nkSM+&/ wi l sHkjhf”knxhuseuq"; dst hou esadbZi fjorZu fd, gSaAvkt
yksxksadsi kl l e; dkvHkko gS] bl O; Lr ft anxhesal c dqN i QkLVgksx; kgSvkSj bl ht Ynckt h
useuq"; dksHkkst u dh, d ubZ' kSyhdst ky esai Qal kfn; kgS] ft l si QkLV i wQM; kt ad i wQMdgrs
gSaAl e; dsl kFk i fjorZu gksuk LokHkkfod gS] ysfdu ; s”k: jh ughagSfd gj i fjorZu l gh gksA
i QkLVi wQMHkhHkkst u ' kSyhesavk; k , sl kghi fjorZu gSft l svPNkdrbZughadgkt kl drkAns' k
dkHkfo"; & cPpsbl dhfxjÝr esavkdj vi ukLokLF; [ kksjgsgSaA
fpfdRl dksavkSj i ks"k.kfo' ks"kKksadsvuql kj i QkLV i wQM[ kkusdsvknhcPps, sl hchekfj; ksadsf' kdkj
gksjgsgSat kscq<+ki sdhchekfj; k¡l e>ht krhgSaAegkuxjksadsLdwyksaesai <+usokys60 i Qhl nhcPps
fl i QZi QkLV i wQM i j pyrsgSa] cfYd ; g dguk T; knk mfpr gksxk fd mUgsai QkLV i wQM dk pLdk
yxkgqvkgSAurht kcM+kgh[ kkSi Qukd gS& i QkLVi wQMusvesfjdkesaeksVki sdksegkekjhdsLrj rd
i QSykfn; kgSAHkkjr t Sl sfodkl ' khy ns' kesaHkheksVki sdhl eL; k[ krjukd Lrj rd c<+pqdhgSA
fi Nysrhu o"kks±esans' kesaeksVscPpksadhl a[ ; kesa24 i zfr' kr o`f¼ nt ZdhxbZgSAorZeku esans' kds
dqy cPPkksaesal s16 i zfr' kr eksVki sl st w> jgsgSaAft l rjg l si QkLV i wQMdki zpyu c<+jgkgS]
ml sns[ krsgq, cPpksadkeksVki k?kVukcM+keqf' dy gSA
fi Nysfnuksard pkSadkusokyh[ kcj esai rkpykfd eqEcbZesa11 o"khZ; vukfedk(cnykgqvkuke)
dk eksVki k de djusdsfy, ml dh cSfj; kWfVªd l t Zjh djuh i M+hA yacsbar”kkj dsckn t Ueh
vukfedk dksml dsekrk&fi rk usykM+&I; kj dsuke i j , sl sreke [ kk| &i nkFkZf[ kyk, ] ft Ugsat ad
i wQM dgk t krk gSA' kkjhfjd Je ; k [ ksy&dwn l snwj jgusokyhog NksVhcPph?kj l sLdwy rd
dkj l st krhFkhAurht k; g gqvkfd 11 l ky dhmezrd i gq¡prs&i gq¡prsml dkot u 96 fdyksxzke
gksx; kALdwy esacPpsrksml dket kd cukrsghFks] og FkksM+k&l kpyusi j ghgkai QusHkhyxrhFkhA
et cwju] ml dsekrk&fi rk dksl t Zjh dk i QSl yk ysuk i M+kAbruh de mezdsfdl hcPpsdh ,sl h
l t Zjhdsekeysde ghl qukbZnsrsgSaAysfdu ; sekeysvc c<+usyxsgSaAns' kesagj l ky yxHkx nl
gt kj csfj,fVªd l t ZjhgksrhgS] ft uesanksl spkj i Qhl nhrd NksVscPps; kfd' kksj gksrsgSaA

4. 3
vkt dhnkSM+&Hkkx dhf”knxhvkSj vk/ qfudrkdhgksM+usHkkjr t Sl sfodkl ' khy ns' kesai QkLV i wQM
dks/ hjs&/ hjs[ kku&i ku dkvax cukfn; kgSAcPpksavkSj ; qokvksaesai QkLV i wQMdsi zfr rst hl syxko
c<+jgkgSAHkkxrh&nkSM+rhf”knxhesab/ j&m/ j dqN Hkh[ kkdj ; qokvi ukdke pykysrsgSaAvc rd
rks; g jksx cM+suxjksao egkuxjksard ghl hfer Fkkysfdu / hjs&/ hjs; g NksVsdLcksaesaHkhi Sj i l kjus
yxkgSAxk¡o esanw/ &ngh[ kkusokys; qokvc i QkLVi wQMdhfxjÝr esavkjgsgSaAi QkLVi wQMo nw/ ds
i SdsV bLrseky djusdk i zpyu xk¡o rd i gq¡p x; k gSAbl l svankt k yxk; k t k l drk gSfd ' kq¼
[ kqjkd [ kkdj xc: cuusokysxkao dscPpsvc D; ki gyoku cu i k,¡xs xk¡o dsyksx ' kgj dhrt Z
i j vi ukt houp; kZcny jgsgSaAxk¡oksaesat xg&t xg i QkLV&i wQMdhjsgfM+; k¡fn[ kkbZnsrhgSaA
l e; &l e; i j gq, fofHkUu vè; ; uksaesat ad i wQMl sl acaf/ r cgqr l kjsrF; i zdk' kesavk, gSa&
fp=k1%fofHkUu t ad i QwMuewuksaesadqy ol kdhek=kk(xzk- i zfr 100 xzke)
fo' o LokLF; l axBu (MCy; w-, p-vks-) dsvuql kj , d o; Ld i q#"k 2-6 xzke Vªkal i QSV gj fnu]
t cfd , d o; Ld efgyk2-1 xzke vkSj , d cPpk(10&12 l ky dk) 2-3 xzke Vªkal i QSVxzg.kdj
l drkgSA, d cPpkt kscgqr yksdfi z; i QkLVi wQM(cxZj] fpIl vkSj l kWÝVfMªad) [ kkrkgS] og jkst
dsVªkal i QSV varxZg.kdk90» bLrseky dj ysrkgSAysfdu ; g varxZzg.kdhcM+h[ kqjkd mRi knd
ds}kjk l koZt fud : i l si zdV ughadht krhgSAl saVj i QkWj l kbal ,aM , uok; jesaV (l h-l h-bZ-) ds
t ad i wQMvkSj [ kk| i nkFkks±l aca/ h, d vè; ; u esa; g [ kqykl kfd; kx; kgSfd vf/ drj t ad i wQM

5. 4
esaVªkal i QSV~l (t ekgqvkol k)] ued vkSj phuhdkLrj cgqr T; knkgksrkgS] t ksvfuok; Z: i l s
[ kjkc LokLF; el yu eksVki k] e/ qesg t Sl hchekfj; ksadkst Ue nsrk gSAge l Hkht kursgSafd t ad
i wQMdki Qhuqdl kunsg gksrkgSvkSj fi Qj Hkhge bl s[ kkrsgSaAysfdu D; kge t kursgSafd bl l sgksus
okysuqdl ku D; k gSa D; k geusdHkh bl dh t kap dh gSfd ge D; k [ kk jgsgSa; k fpIl vkSj
uwMYl dsi SdsVdksysdj t ksnkosfd; st kjgsgSamuesafdruhl PpkbZgS
bULVSaV(rqjar i dusokyk) vkSj i SDMuwMYl vkt l cl svf/ d i al n fd, t krsgSa] ysfdu buesaekSt wn
dbZgkfudkjd rRo chekfj; ksadksU; kSrknsl drsgSaAl kSxzke uwMYl esa138 dSyksjhgksrhgS] t ksi QSV
c<+kusvkSj ân; jksxksadsfy, ft Eesnkj gSaAbl esaekSt wn eSnk vkarksadsfy, gkfudkjd gSAda”; wej
, t qds' ku ,aMfjl pZl asVj }kjkfd, x, nqfu; kds15 i zeq[ kczkaM~l dsuwMYl dsvè; ; u esai k; kx; k
gSfd buesai kSf"Vd rRo u dscjkcj gksrsgSaAbuesaLoho`Qr ek=kkl svf/ d ued vkSj i Qkbcj dhcsgn
de ek=kki kbZxbZgSAbl l sCyMi zs' kj vkSj fny dsjksxksadkt ksf[ ke vf/ d c<+t krkgSA
jk"Vªh; i ks"k.k l aLFkku dsvuql kj] , d O; fDr dsfy, , d fnu esa6 xzke ued ”k: jhgS] t cfd
fo' o LokLF; l axBu dseqrkfcd 5 xzkeA80 xzke ds, d l kekU; uwMYl dsi SdsV esa3-5 xzke l s
vf/ d ued ekSt wn gksrkgSA, d uwMYl i SdsVdksgt e djusdkeryc vki ds' kjhj esayxHkx 60
i zfr' kr ued dki zos' kgksx; kA
fp=k&2 %fofHkUu t ad i wQMdsuewuksaesadqy ued dhek=kk(xzk- i zfr 100 xzk-)

6. 5
i QkLV i wQMesai ks"kd rRoksadkvHkko jgrkgSvkSj ; sLokLF; dhn`f"V l sgkfudkjd gksrsgSaAbuesa
ued , oai fjj{kd (fi z”kjosfVo) dhek=kkvf/ d gksrhgSAbl esabLrseky dhxbZ[ kk| l kxzehvkSj
cukusdhfof/ nksuksaghLokLF; dsfy, mfpr ughadght kl drhAbu [ kkuksaesaouLi fr ?khdk
i z; ksx gksrkgS] dSyksjht dhcgqrk; r dsdkj.k; seksVki kc<+krsgSaAbul s[ kwu esadksysLVªksy dhek=kk
c<+t krhgSvkSj O; fDr e/ qesg] CyMi zs' kj] ân; jksx] , l hfMVh] dCt vkSj vU; i sV dhchekfj; ksa
dkf' kdkj gkst krsgSaAcxZj] fi ””kkeSnsl scusgksrsgSa] t ksdSyksjh”krksT; knknsrsgSavkSj vkl kuhl s
u i pusdsdkj.kdCt djrsgSao chekfj; k¡c<+krsgSaA
fp=k&3 %fofHkUu t ad i wQMdsuewuksaesaVªakl i QsVdhek=kk(xzk- i zfr 100 xzk-)
dqN t ad i wQMdai fu; ka; g nkokdjrhgSafd muds}kjki jksl st kjgsi wQMesa' kwU; Vªkal i QSVgSaAdksbZ
; g nkokughadjrkfd bl i wQMesafdrukVªakl i QSVgSA
dkcksZusV i s; esal ksMk] dSi Qhu vkSj i QkWLi Qksjl gksrsgSaAbudsdkj.k ' kjhj esadSfY' k; e dhi wjhek=kk
dkl ekos' kughagksi krkvkSj gfM~M; k¡de”kksj gksusyxrhgSaAi QkLV i QwMdsl kFkysusl s; seksVki k]
dC”k vkfn dksc<+k nsrsgSaAHkkjr esai zfl ¼ fi QYe vfHkusrk&vfHkusf=k; ksadksbu dksYM fMªaDl ds

7. 6
foKki uksadsfy, cqy; k t krk gS] ft ul scPpsmul svkSj vf/ d i zHkkfor gksrsgSaAvkywfpIl dk
i zpyu Hkhcgqr c<+x; kgSAbuesagesadksbZ[ kjkchughafn[ kkbZnsrh] i jUrqbudscuusdhfof/ Hkh
[ krjukd gSA400 fMxzhl sfYl ; l dhrst vkap i j ryst kusdsdkj.kvkywdsol kvEy vi ?kfVr
gkst krsgSavkSj urht k [ kwu dh / efu; ksadh ypd [ kRe gkst krh gSvkSj jDrpki c<+t krk gSA
t xg&t xg fcdusokyk pkmQehu cPpksadkscsgn i l an gS] bl esavt hukseksVksMkyk t krk gSt ksbl s
[ kkl Lokn nsrk gSAbl dsckjsesapsrkouh nht k pqdh gS; fn bl sjksdk u x; k rks/ wezi ku l sHkh
vf/ d uqdl ku gksxkA
vt hukseksVksfnekxhdksf' kdkvksadksi ui usughansrk vkSj dSal j Hkhdj l drkgSAbl dsvkl kj ut j
vkusesal kr&l kB l ky yx t krsgSaAdbZcPpsvt hukseksVksdsdsi zfr l aosnu' khy gksrsgSa] muesa
fl jnnZ] >u>ukgV] det ksjh] i sVnnZvkfn y{k.ki k, t krsgSaA
c<+rscPpksadksjkst kuk rdjhcu 150 dSyksjhdh”k: jr gS] ft l dk vk/ k dkcksZgkbVªsM] 20 i Qhl nh
ol kvkSj 30 i Qhl nhi zksVhu dkgksukpkfg, Aysfdu ckt kj esai QkLV i wQMdsuke i j t kspht sal gt
mi yC/ gSa] muesa' kdZjkvkSj ol krksgksrhgS] ysfdu i zksVhu yxHkx unkjn gksrkgSA, d fi ””kkdsnks
Lykbl ksaesa800 dSyksjhrFkki QSV o l ksfM; e gksrkgSA, d cM+scxZj esa1600 dSyksjhgksrhgSt cfd
, d l kekU; O; fDr dsfy, bl dhvk/ hek=kkesadSykjhHkhi ; kZIr gSaAvf/ d dSyksjhokysi nkFkks±l s
O; fDr esaol kdhek=kkc<+t krhgSvkSj og vfr&i ks"k.kdkf' kdkj gkst krkgSAbl l sO; fDr dh
' kkjhfjd {kerkde gkst krhgSAml esaf' kfFkyrko vkyL; vkt krkgSAfo' ks"kKksadsvuql kj mfpr
dSyksjhdsi nkFkZdkl sou djusl sO; fDr T; knkfnu rd t hfor jgrkgSAcPpksadksbl dsckjsesa
t kx: d fd; kt kukpkfg, A
i QkLV i wQM cPpksadsfy, fdrus[ krjukd gSabl dk vankt k bl hl syxk; k t k l drk gSfd buds
l sou l scPpksadkcqf¼yfC/ Lrj (vkbZD; w) de”kksj gksusyxrkgSAog ekufl d : i l sfodykax
rd gksl drk gSA, d vè; ; u dsvuql kj i QkLV i wQM [ kkusokyscPpksadk cqf¼yfC/ Lrj ?kj i j
cuk rkt k [ kkuk [ kkusokyksadh rqyuk esade gksrk gSA' kks/ drkZvksadseqrkfcd cpi u esa[ kk; k
i kSf"Vd Hkkst u yacsl e; rd cqf¼eÙkki j i zHkko MkyrkgSA

8. 7
ge vi uhl aLo`Qfr o [ kku&i ku dksHkqykdj vk/ qfudrkdhnkSM+esa, sl si nkFkks±dkl sou dj jgsgSa
t ksgekjsLokLF; dksgkfu i gq¡pkjgsgSaAge vi usi jEi jkxr i QkLV&i wQMl Ùkw] fpmM+k] puk] eD[ ku]
yLl hvkSj i QyksadhpkVdksR; kx dj , sl hoLrq, ¡vi ukjgsgSaft uesadsoy gkfu gS] ykHkughaAbl
l aca/ esai f' pehns' kksadhrjg ghl rdZrk l sdke ysuk gksxkAvesfjdk dhrjg ghfczVsu esabl s
ysdj [ kkl hl fozQ; rkfn[ kkbZnsjghgSAogk¡, sl sfoKki uksai j jksd yxknhxbZgS] t kscPpksadkst ad
i wQM[ kkusdsfy, i zsfjr djrsgSaALdwyksaesaHkh, sl sHkkst u dksgrksRl kfgr fd; kt kusyxkgSAfi Nys
fnuksaogk¡, d cPpsdkuke Ldwy esafl i QZbl fy, dkV fn; kx; k] D; ksafd og vi usyap ckWDl esa
fpIl ysdj vk; kFkkAi zQkal esa' kq: gqbZ^bi ksM* eqfge esaLdwyhcPpksaghugha] i wjsl ekt dksLoLFk
jgusdkewy&ea=kfn; kt kjgkgSAedl n gSfd l ewphvkcknhdht hou&' kSyhdkscnykt k, A; g
fn[ kHkhjgkgSfd , sl hdksf' k' ksajax ykjghgSaA
bl l eL; k dsfy, yksxksadkst kx: d gkst kuk pkfg, Abl dsl kFk ghl jdkj dkspkfg, fd og
yksxksadkst kudkjhnsafd os(yksx) i QkLV i wQMdsi zfr l rdZrkcjrsavkSj vi usi jEi jkxr [ kku&i ku
i j vf/ d è; ku nsarkfd vkusokysl e; esamUgsafdl hi js' kkuhdkl keuku djuki M+sAekrk&fi rk
dksHkhpkfg, fd osvi uscPpksai j è; ku nsavkSj mudksl e>k,afd i QkLV i wQM LokLF; dsfy,
gkfudkjd gSA
t ad i wQM
eksVki k
dSal j
ân; jksx, uhfe; k
e/ qesg

9. 8
t kudkjhdsl zksr&
1. www.cseindia.org
2. www.who.int/
3. www.cercindia.org/
v kn' kZi z' u
1- t ad i wQMdki z; ksx cPpksadsl qugjsHkfo"; esafdl rjg #dkoVcu l drkgS (5)
2- vki vi usfe=kdksdkcksZusV&i s; dkl sou djusl sjksdusdsfy, D; kl ykg nsaxs (5)
v ad ; kst uk
mÙkj&1 mÙkj dh: i js[ kk ewY; fcUnq v ad
voyksdu rF; ksadkxgu vè; ; u ewY; kadu vkSj fo' ys"k.k 02
dkj.k t ad i QwMdsnq"i fj.kkeksadkmYys[ k
' kkjhfjd , oaekufl d fodkl i j vl j
Kku dki z; ksx 01
l q>ko uohu i zpkj i zLrqrhdj.k l `t u (ubZckr crkuk) 02
mÙkj&2 mÙkj dh: i js[ kk ewY; fcUnq v ad
voyksdu dkcksZusVsM&i s; esa i k, t kus okys
gkfudkjd rRoksadkvè; ; u
ewY; kadu vkSj fo' ys"k.k 02
dkj.k dkcksZusVsM&i s; dsnq"i fj.kkeksadkmYys[ k&
de”kksj gfM~M; k¡] nk¡rksa ds jksx] i sV
l EcU/ hchekfj; k¡
Kku dki z; ksx 01
l q>ko uohu i zpkj i zLrqrhdj.k l `t u (ubZckr crkuk) 02

10. 9
eqDr IkkB~; l kexzh
fgUnh^v * ( 002) , oa^c* ( 085)
2- fo"k; %eaxy i j Hkkjr dkeaxykxeu
l kjk' k%
fdl hHkhns' kdkfodkl ml dsfoKku , oarduhd i j fuHkZj djrkgSANk=kksaesafoKku dsi zfr #fp
mRi Uu djus, oamuesaLons' khoSKkfud f' k{kkrduhdksadsi zfr fo' okl o xoZvuqHko djkusdsfy,
; g vko' ; d gSfd osbl {ks=kesaHkkjrh; i z; kl ksadhl jkgukdj l dsaA
i zLrqr i kB~; l kexzhgky ghesal i Qy gq, ekl ZvkfcZVj fe' ku dko.kZu djrhgSAvki bl rF; i jd
t kudkjhl sHkkjr esagksusokysvarfj{k&vuql a/ ku dhmRd"kZrk; k=kkdkvuqeku yxkl drsgSaAvki
bl fo"k; esavi usfe=kksa] ekrk&fi rkvkfn l sppkZdj l drsgSarFkkHkkjr dhfodkl ; k=kkdsckjs
esat kx: drki Snkdj l drsgSaAvki bl fo"k; esavkSj vf/ d t kudkjhi zkIr djusdsfy, fudV
dsi qLrdky; ] os/ ' kkykvFkokuSV i j [ kkst dj l drsgSarFkkns' kesavU; {ks=kksagksusokysi z; kl ksaesa
Lokoyacu o l q/ kj ykusdsfy, vi us; ksxnku dki z.kysl drsgSaA
ekl Zv kWfcZVj fe' ku ( ^ekWe*)
varfj{k esapedrsrkjs] xzg , oavU; fi aM l fn; ksal seuq"; dhdYi ukvksadk dsUnzjgsgSaAi zkphu
l e; l sghHkkjr [ kxksy' kkL=kl aca/ hvusd fopkj fo' o dsl Eeq[ kj[ krkjgkgSAorZeku l e; esaHkh
Hkkjr usvarfj{k foKku ds{ks=k esabfrgkl jprsgq, i h, l , yoh l h&25 jkWdsV dsekè; e l sekl Z
vkWfcZVj ; ku dkseaxy dhd{kkesaLFkkfi r dj vi useaxy fe' ku dksl i Qyrki woZd i wjkdj fy; k
gSAeaxy; ku dksJhgfjdksVkdsl rh' kèkou Li sl l saVj l s^i ksyj l SVsykbVykUp osfgdy* i h,l , yoh
l h&25 dhenn l sNksM+kx; kFkkA; g ns' kdsfy, cgqr cM+hl i QyrkgSAbl dsi z{ksi .kdsi ' pkr~
Hkkjr dhvarfj{kl aLFkk^bl jks* vejhdk] : l vkSj ; wjksi dsdqN ns' kl a; qDr : i l s; wjksi h; l a?kdh
varfj{kl aLFkkdsckn pkSFkhl aLFkkcu pqdhgS] ft l usbruhcM+hl i Qyrkgkfl y dhgSA
i gysl i Qy vfHk; ku ¶eSjhuj 9¸ (ukl k) dksfeykdj gq, dqy 51 eaxy vfHk; kuksaesal svc rd
dsoy 21 esagh l i Qyrk i zkIr dh t k l dh gSAphu vkSj t ki ku dh ukdke; kc dksf' k' kksadsckn

11. 10
Hkkjr , f' k; kdki gykvkSj , dek=kjk"VªgS] ft l ds^ekWe* (ekl ZvkfcZVj fe' ku) vfHk; ku usi gyh
dksf' k' kesagheaxy xzg dsdne l i Qyrki woZd pwesgS] bl l si gys; wjksi h; l a?kdh; wjksfi ; u Li sl
, at sal h] vesfjdkdh^us' kuy , ; jksukWfVDl , aMLi sl , MfefuLVªs' ku* ^ukl k* vkSj : l dh^jkWLdksLekst *
usghvc rd eaxy xzg i j vi usvfHk; ku Hkst sgSaA
o"kZ1969 esaLFkki uk dsckn l svc rd ^bl jks* usfofHkUu mn~ns' ; ksadsfy; sfl i QZi `Foh ds
vkl &i kl dsvfHk; ku vkSj panzek dsfy; svfHk; ku dksgh vat ke fn; sFksA19 vi zSy 1975 dks
Lons' k fufeZr mi xzg ^vk; ZHkV~V* dsi z{ksi .k dsl kFk vi usvarfj{k ; k=kk dh ' kq: vkr djusokys
^bl jks* dh; g l i QyrkHkkjr dsvarfj{kesac<+rsopZLo dhvksj b' kkjkdjrhgSA; g i gykvol j
gSt c ^bl jks* usi `Foh dsi zHkko {ks=k l sckgj fdl h [ kxksyh; fi aM dsvè; ; u vkSj fo' ys"k.k ds
fy, vfHk; ku dksl i Qyrki woZd ykap fd; kgSA
Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuql a/ ku l axBu ds, d gt kj l sT; knk oSKkfud bl vfHk; ku l st qM+sFks] ft l esa
ukSt oku oSKkfudksausHkhegÙoi w.kZHkwfedkfuHkkbZt ksl a[ ; kesa20 l svf/ d FksA
fp=k&1 %^ekWe* & i z{ksfi r gksrsgq,
fl i QZ450 djksM+#i ; ksa; kuhyxHkx 72 fefy; u MkWyj dhykxr dk; g vfHk; ku fo' o dkl cl s
l Lrkeaxy vfHk; ku ekukx; kgSAbl dhrqyuk18 uoacj 2013 dksHkst sx, ukl kdsgky ghds
yky xzg vfHk; ku & ^ekl Z, VeksLi Qh; j ,aMoksysVkby boksY; w' ku fe' ku* ^ekosu* l sdht kl drhgS]

12. 11
ft l dhykxr 671 fefy; u vesfjdu MkWyj gSAt cfd ; wjksi ds^ekl Z, Dl i zsl vkWfcZVj (2003) dk
[ kpZ386 fefy; u MkWyj FkkAHkkjr dsjkWdsVi ksVZdgst kusokysJhgfjdksVkesai z/ kuea=khujsanzeksnhus
fVIi .khdhFkh] ¶gkWyhoqMdhl kbal fi QD' ku fi QYe ^xzsfoVh* dkct Vgekjseaxy vfHk; ku l sT; knk
gS--- ; g cgqr cM+hmi yfC/ gS---¸ ; gk¡; g crkukmfpr jgsxkfd xzsfoVhfi QYe dkct V ^ekWe* ds
ct V l s13 fefy; u IkkWmaM vf/ d FkkAi z/ kuea=khujsUnzeksnhuseaxy; ku dhl i Qyrk i j ckj&ckj
vi uh [ kq' kh t rk; h gSAi z/ kuea=kh dsvuql kj] ¶vkWVksesafdl h , dl i Qj dk fdjk; k 10 #i ; si zfr
fdyksehVj] eaxy; ku i j [ kpZ7 #i ; si zfr fdyksehVj jgkAeksnhusdgkfd eaxy; ku dhl i Qyrk
dh[ kq' khfØdsVdhfdl ht hr l sgt kj xquhcM+hgSA¸
eaxy xzg dh l rg i j i gysl sekSt wn l cl sT; knk pfpZr vesfjdh jksyj ; ku ^D; wfj; ksfl Vh* dh
ykxr nksvjc vesfjdhMkWyj l sHkhT; knkjghFkhAt cfd Hkkjr eaxy; ku i zfr Hkkjrh; 4 #i ; sl s
de dher dsl kFkfo' o dkvc rd dkl cl sl Lrkvarj&xzghfe' ku gSAbl dsfuekZ.kewY; dks
fuEu j[ kusgsrqcgqr vf/ d e¡gxsfons' kh i qt ksZ, oami dj.kksadsLFkku i j Lons' kh i qt ksZdk mi ; ksx
fd; k x; k gSAeaxy; ku , oai h, l , yoh& l h25 dsdqN l eh{kkRed ?kVd ^rjy i z.kksnu O; oLFkk
dsUnz* foØe l kjkHkkbZvarfj{kdsUnz, oa^bl jks* dh^t M+Roh; O; oLFkkbdkbZ* esafufeZr fd; sx; sFksA
^bl jks* dsi z{ksi .k vf/ dkj cksMZusi z{ksi .k i woZl i Qy vH; kl ksadsckn ^ekl ZvkWfcZVj fe' ku* ds
i z{ksi .kdsfy; s1 uoacj 2013 dkseat wjhnhFkhrFkk5 uoacj 2013 dksbl sykWUp fd; kx; kFkkA
, d NksVhdkj dsvkdkj ds1350 fdyksdseaxy; ku fe' ku dh[ kkl ckr ; g Fkhfd bl sHkkjr esa
ghfodfl r i h, l ,yoh,Dl ,y l h&25 jkWdsV l sykWUp fd; kx; kFkkA; g jkWdsV 444 ehVj yack
Fkk] vFkkZr~15 eaft ykbekjr dscjkcj FkkA
eaxy; ku fe' ku dsi gyspj.kdsvarxZr uoacj 2013 esai z{ksfi r fd; st kusdsdjhc 45 feuV ckn
eaxy; ku i `Foh esavi uh fu/ kZfjr d{kk esai gaqpk FkkAi z{ksi .k dsvxysfnu 25 fnuksard i `Foh ds
vkl &i kl pDdj yxkusdsckn eaxy; ku dkseaxy xzg dhvksj cwLVj jkWdsV dsl gkjsHkst kx; kFkkA
300 fnuksadh ; k=kk dsckn bl l ky 24 fl racj dksrhl jsvge pj.k dsvarxZr eaxy; ku dks
l i Qyrki woZd eaxy xzg i j ml dhfu/ kZfjr d{kk esai gq¡pk fn; k x; kA; n; fi ^ekWe* dk eq[ ; mn~ns' ;
varfj{k; ku dksyky xzg dhd{kkesai gqapkukFkk] i jarqokrkoj.k] [ kfut yo.kksa] ehFksu dhmi fLFkfr

13. 12
dkeaxy xzg i j i rkyxkukbl dsvuqHkot U; mn~ns' ; gSA^ekWe* dsl qjf{kr rjhdsl seaxy xzg dsd{k
esai gqapusdsckn vc bl jksdkmn~ns' ; l Hkhmi dj.kksadksl fØ; djukgSft udkHkkj dqy feykdj
15 fdyksxzke gSA^bl jks* dksvi useaxy; ku l s6 l seghusl s1 l ky rd cusjgusdhvk' kkgSA
bl vfHk; ku esaeaxy xzg dsok; qeaMy dsvè; ; u] l rghfo' ks"krkvksavkSj LFkykÑfr dks[ kkst us] rFkk
bu l cl segRoi w.kZvFkkZr nq"i zkI; ehFksu dsl zksr dh i gpku djusdsfy, i kap oSKkfud vFkok
varfj{kmi dj.kHkst sx, gSa] t ks; g i rkyxkusesal gk; rkdjsaxsfd D; kyky xzg i j dHkht hou
l aHko FkkAbl dsmi dj.kksaesa, d jaxhu dSejkHkh' kkfey gS] t ksxzg dhrLohjsaysxkAeaxy xzg dh
vksj t krs&t krsekl ZdSejsus19 uoacj dh nksi gj dksHkkjr dh , d rLohj yh] ft l s^bl jks* dh
oscl kbV dsl kFk&l kFk i h, l , yoh-l h&25 dhyxkrkj c<+rhyksdfi z; rkokyhdk; kZy; hi Qsl cqd i j
ns[ kkt kl drkgSA
fp=k&2 %ekWe esyxsekl Zdyj dSejs}kjk19 uoEcj]
2013 dks13%50 feuVi j fy; kx; ki `Fohdki gykfp=k
; g vfHk; ku , d varxzfgZd vfHk; ku dhi fjdYi uk] ; kst uk] i zcU/ u rFkkfØ; ki z.kkyhdsfodkl ds
fy; s, d i zkS| ksfxdhi zn' khZdj.ki fj; kst ukgSAbl esavkSj Åt kZl apkfyr i kap fo' ks"kmi dj.kgSaAt ksgS%
1) yheu v Yi Qki QksVksehVj %vke cksypky esadgsarks; g eaxy xzg l st y dsyqIr gksusdh
i zfØ; kdksl e>usesaoSKkfudksadhl gk; rkdjsxkA

14. 13
2) ehFksu l sal j i QkWj ekl Z%; g eaxy xzg dsok; qeaMy esaehFksu dki rkyxk, xkA
3) ekl Z, Dt +ksLi Qsfjd U; wVªy dai ksft ' ku , usykbt j ^esudk %; g d.k i ; kZoj.k dk vè; ; u
djsxkA
4) ekl Zdyj dSejk %; g rhu jaxksadki z; ksx djrsgq, eaxy xzg dhrLohjsavkSj ml dhl rg
dhfo' ks"krkvksarFkkl a?kVu dsckjsesal wpuk, ai znku djsxkA
5) FkeZy bai zQkjsM besft ax Li SDVªksehVj ^fVl * %; g eaxy xzg ds/ jkry dsrRoksavkSj [ kfut ksa
dkekufp=k.kdjsxkA
^ekWe* dhl i Qyrkbl dhrhu fo' ks"krkvksadsdkj.k gS%eaxy xzg dhd{kkdsfn' kkKku dkl gh
i rkyxkusdh^bl jks* dh{kerk] xgu varfj{kl apkj esa^bl jks* dhn{krk, oad{kdhLok; Ùkrkt ks
eaxy; ku dkseqf' dy dsl e; fu.kZ; ysusesal {ke cukrh gSA^bl jks* dsl gh fn' kk i fjogu ds
dkS' ky useaxy; ku dksHkw&l hekl si gysl w; ZdsfUnzr l hek, oackn esaeaxy xzg dhd{kkesai gqapkus
esamfpr HkwfedkfuHkkbZA
t gk¡, d vksj l HkhHkkjrh; ksaesa^ekWe* dhl i Qyrkl smYykl dkekgkSy gSoghanwl js, f' k; kbZns' kksa
usvHkhHkkjr dksc/ kbZnhgSAphu us^ekWe* dhl i Qyrkdks^, f' k; kdkxoZ* dgkgSA
^ekWe* vfHk; ku dhl i Qyrk dsckn fn; sx; s, d l k{kkRdkj esaeaxy; ku vfHk; ku dsfuns' kd oh-
ds' ko jkt wuscrk; k gSfd vfHk; ku dhl i Qyrk dk Js; l Hkhl fEefyr oSKkfudksadh, drk , oa
i fjJe dkst krkgSAvfHk; ku dksvYi O; ; hcuk; sj[ kusdsfy; sfdl hi zdkj dkl e>kSrkughafd; kA
l SVsykbV dh; kst uk] i fjdYi ukl sysdj fØ; kUo; u rd gj pj.kdksl ko/ kuhi woZd i wjkfd; kx; k
gSAoSKkfudksadh; qoki h<+husHkhegRoi w.kZHkwfedkvnkdhgSA; qokoSKkfud fu; a=k.kd{kl sysdj
ekWe dsi z{ksi .kds' keu rd i wjhfu"Bkl sdk; Zjr FksA
^ekWe* usbfrgkl jpusdsnwl jsfnu eaxy xzg dhi gyhrLohj Hkst hgSAHkkjrh; varfj{kvuql a/ ku
l axBu usyky xzg dhrLohjksadsl kFkV~ohV fd; kAeaxy dhi gyhrLohj] 7300 fdyksehVj dh
Å¡pkbZl s--- ogk¡dkn`' ; l qanj gSAvarfj{k; ku (eaxy; ku) bl l e; d{kkesaeaxy xzg dkpDdj
yxk jgk gSvkSj eaxyxzg l sbl dhU; wure nwjh421-7 fdyksehVj gSvkSj vf/ dre nwjh76]993-6

15. 14
fdehgSAd{kkdk>qdko eaxy xzg dhHkweè; orhZ{ks=kesa150 fMxzhdsokafNr Lrj i j gSAbl d{kk
esaeaxy; ku dkseaxyxzg dk, d pDdj yxkusesa72 ?kaVs] 51 feuV] vkSj 51 l sdsaMdkl e; yxrk
gSA^bl jks* uscrk; k gSfd vkusokysl Irkgksaesaeaxy; ku dsi kap oSKkfud mi dj.kksadk bLrseky
djrsgq, varfj{k; ku dkeaxy xzg dhd{kkesai wjki jh{k.kfd; kt k; sxkA
fp=k&3 %ekWe }kjk7300 fdyksehVj dhÅapkbZl syhx; heaxy xzg dhi gyhrLohj
2011 esa^ekWe* dsfuekZ.kdhl aHkkoukdki jh{k.k djusdsckn bl jksus; w-vkj- jko dhvè; {krk
okyhl ykgdkj l fefr l svfHk; ku dsfy; svko' ; d mi dj.kksadsfy; sl ykg dkfuosnu fd; kFkk]
ft l dsckn l fefr dsi kl dqy 30 l q>ko vk; sFks] ft uesa11 dksi gyspquk x; k vkSj var esa
l oksZÙke 5 dksghvfHk; ku dsfy; spqukx; kA
fp=k&4 %eaxy dsmRrjh; xksyk/ Zesa{ks=kh; / wy Hkjsva/ Mdkekl Zdyj dSejs
}kjkyxHkx 74]500 fdyksehVj dhnwjhfl rEcj 28] 2014 dksfy; kx; kfp=k

16. 15
bl vfHk; ku dhl i Qyrkl sHkfo"; esabl {ks=kesagksusokysHkkjrh; i z; kl ksadsfy; sl djkRedrkdk
okrkoj.kcukgSrFkkbl l svkxsvkusokyh; qokoSKkfudksadhi h<+hdsvkRecy dkfodkl gksxkA
eaxy; ku l sfeyusokyh fp=kksa, oavk¡dM+ksal svarfj{k foKku esagksusokysewyHkwr vuql a/ ku esa
vHkwri woZ; ksxnku feysxkrFkkbl sl al kj dsl eLr i zkf.k; ksadhHkykbZgsrqmi ; ksx fd; kt kl dsxkA
i z' u
1) Hkkjrh; eaxy; ku vfHk; ku dhl i Qyrkfdl i zdkj ns' kdsvkRefo' okl , oaLokyacu dksc<+kus
esal gk; d gksxh (5)
2) eaxy; ku dsfuekZ.kesagq; s[ kpZdksvR; f/ d vYi j[ kusgsrqfdl i zdkj mi k; fd; sx; sgSa
D; k, sl smi k; vU; {ks=kksaesaHkhfd; st kl drsgSa vi usfopkj jf[ k, A (5)
v ad ; kst uk%
mÙkj&1 mÙkj dh: i js[ kk ewY; fcUnq v ad
voyksdu l wpukvksadkxgu fo' ys"k.k ewY; kadu vkSj fo' ys"k.k 02
dkj.k ekWe dsfuekZ.kesaLons' khrduhd dksc<+kok Kku dki z; ksx 01
l q>ko uohu fopkjksadkl ekos' ku l `t u (ubZckr crkuk) 02
mÙkj&2 mÙkj dh: i js[ kk ewY; fcUnq v ad
voyksdu [ kpZdkde djusdsmi k; ksx dkxgu
vè; ; u
ewY; kadu vkSj fo' ys"k.k 02
dkj.k ekWe dsfuekZ.kesa[ kpZde djusgsrqfd; s
x; smi k; ksadsdkj.kksadkvè; ; u
Kku dki z; ksx 01
l q>ko uohu fopkkjksadkl ekos' ku l `t u (ubZckr crkuk) 02