Computer Basic in Hindi - Chapter 1
- 1. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
1
dEI;wVj dk ifjp;
• dEI;wVj ,d ,slh bysDVªksfud e’khu gS tks fd
iz;ksxdrkZ }kjk lwpuk dks xzg.k djrh gS rRi'pkr ;g
mu lwpukvks ij funsZ'kkuqlkj dk;Z djdsa rhozxfr ls
iw.kZr% 'kq) ifj.kke iznku djrh gSA
rdUkhdh Òk"kk es dEI;wVj buiqV fMokbZlksa ds
ek/;e ls MsVk o funsZ'k izkIr djrh gS] MsVk o
funsZ'kksa dk laxzg.k djrh gS rFkk funsZ'kksa ds
vuqlkj MsVk dh izkslsflax djrh gS ,oa vUr esa
vkmViqV fMokbZlksa ds ek/;e ls mi;ksxh ifj.kke
nsrh gSA
- 3. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
3
dEI;wVj dh vko’;drk
igys ds tekus esa ijEijkxr rjhds ls dk;Z djus ds fy, vfrfjDr Je o lkexzh
dh vko';drk gksrh Fkh A dbZ ckj ns[kk x;k gS fd fdlh dk;Z dks djus ds
fy;s cgqr lkjs yksxks dks dke esa yxk;k tkrk Fkk tSls fdlh HkrhZ
izfdz;k esa cgqr ls yksxks dks yxk;k tkrk Fkk tks jftLVj esa fjdkMZ dk
bUnzkt] la/kkj.k djuk vkfn dk;Z djrs Fks A ftles dkQh le; o dkQh ek=k
esa LVs'kujh dke esa vkrh FkhA ysfdu vkt ;as lkjk dke dEI;wVj }kjk
rhoz xfr ls fd;k tkrk gSA lkjk fjdkMZ cVu nckrs gh vkids lkeus gksrk
gSA bles lkjk dke ,d gh txg LVksj fd;k tkrk gS rkfd vko’;drk gksusas ij
dqN gh lSd.M esa okafNr ifj.kke izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
- 4. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
4
igys cSadks esa iSlks ds ysu nsu ds fy, yEch yEch ykbZus yxk djrk
FkhA D;ksfd leLr dk;Z cSafdax LVkWQ }kjk gLrfyf[kr jftLVjks ls la/kkfjr
gksrk FkkA ftlesa dkQh le; [kpZ gksrk FkkA vke vkneh jkf= ds le;
cSadks ls foRRkh; ysu nsu ugh dj ldrk FkkA fdUrq vkt cSafdax
lsokvksa ds dEI;wVjkbts’ku gksus ds lkFk fdlh Hkh le; foRrh; ysu nsu
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
iqfyl foHkkx ess leLr vkbZ- vkbZ- ,Q- QkWeksZ dk fuLrkj.k gLrfyf[kr
gksrk Fkk ,oa iqjkus fjdkMZ dh izfrfyfi;k Li"V izkIr ugh gks ikrh Fkh
rFkk lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ M.C.R. cukus esa izfr ekg dkQh LVkWQ
yxkuk gksrk Fkk fdUrq lhik ds rgr dEI;wVjkbts'ku gks tkus ls leLr vkbZ-
vkbZ-,Q- QkeZl dEI;wVjtfur feyus yxs gSa rFkk iqjkuh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj ,oa
vU; vkbZ-vkbZ-,Q- QkeZl ds Qzs'k fizUV fy;s tk ldrs gSA ,elhvkj ds fy,
vyx ls LVkQ yxkus dh ctk; dqN gh lSds.Mks esa dEI;wVj }kjk ,elhvkj
- 5. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
5
dEI;wVj ds mi;ksx
• cSafdax ,oa O;olk; ds {ks= esa %& cSadks ds dk;Z
esa dEI;wVj ds iz;ksx ls foRrh; ysu nsu vklku gqvk gSA
vkt 24 ?kUVs foRrh; ysu nsu lEHko gks x;k gSA ?kj
cSBs & cSBs fctyh] ikuh] Qksu ,oa vU; lsokvks ds fcy
bUVjusV ds tfj;s vFkok ATM ds tfj;s tek djk;s tk ldrs gSA
fofHkUu vkS|ksfxd ysu & nsu bZ & cSafdax ds tfj;s fd;s tk
ldrs gSA
• Òou fuekZ.k ds {ks= esa %& uohu Òou] iqy] ckaèk
vkfn ds fMtkbu dEI;wVj ij rS;kj gksrs gSA ftlls lkbV ij vkus
okyh leL;k dk fujkdj.k rqjUr gks ldrk gSA rS;kj gksus ij
Òou dk ,fyos'ku dSlk gksxk bls Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gS ,oa
vko’;drk ds vuqlkj ifjorZu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• fpfdRlk ds {ks= esa %& fofHkUu Ádkj ds tfVy
vkWijs'ku dEI;wVjkbTM e'khuks ds tfj;s fd;s tk jgs gSA
buls ekuoh; Hkwyks dh otg ,oa vf/kd pkSMs dV yxkus
tSlh leL;kvks ls futkr feyh gS rFkk vis{kkd`r de nnZ ;qDr
vkWijs'ku fof/k;k lEHko gks x;h gSA
- 6. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
6
• euksjatu ds {ks= esa %& dEI;wVj ij fofHkUu
izdkj ds euksjatd [ksy [ksys tk ldrs gS] laxhr]
fofM;ksa ,oa ,uhesVsM xzkfQDl ns[sk tk ldrs
gSA fQYeksa esa dEI;wVj dh enn ls fof'k"V izdkj
ds izHkko mRiUu fd;s tkrs gSA
• lwpuk ds vknku iznku ds {ks= esa %&
dEI;wVj ds }kjk vkt lwpuk dk vknku iznku dkQh
lqxe gks x;k gSA bUVjusV ds vkxeu ds i'pkr~
bZ&esy vkt lwpuk ds vknku iznku dk izeq[k lk/ku
gks x;k gSA
• f'k{kk ds {ks= esa %& vkt fofHkUu fdrkcsa ,o
V;wVksfj;y bUVjusV dh fofHkUu osc lkbV~l ij
ekStwn gS ftudk v/;;u dj O;fDr vius Kku esa o`f}
dj ldrk gSA fofHkUu f'k{kk laxBu vkWu ykbu
- 7. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
7
dEI;wVj ds ykHk
• 1- xfr%&
• dEI;wVj dh dk;Z djus dh xfr cgqr vf/kd gksrh gSA og tfVy
ls tfVy x.kukvksa dks Hkh dqN lSd.M esa gh gy dj nsrk
gSA ,d dEI;wVj vadxf.kr dh vjcks x.kuk,a ,d lSd.M esa gh
dj ldrk gSaA
• 2 fo'oluh;rk %&
• dEI;wVj dsoy mu funsZ'kks ij gh x.kuk djrk gSa tks dh
mls iznku dh x;h gSA ;fn mls lgh funsZ'k fn;s x;s gSa rks
ifj.kke 'kr izfr'kr lgh gksrs gS fdUrq ;fn funsZ'k lgh ugha
gSa rks ifj.kke lgh ugha feysxsA
• 3 fofo/krk %&
• dEI;wVj dk mi;ksx esfMdy esa] xzkfQDl cukus esa] laxhr
fuekZ.k esa] euksjatu esa] fofM;ks pyfp= cukus esa]
[ksyks esa fd;k tkrk gSA
- 8. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
8
• 4 mRikndrk %&
• dEI;wVj ds mi;ksx ls ,d fuf'pr le; esaa o de Je ls vf/kd la[;k
esa mRikn izkIr fd;s tk ldrs gSA ftlls mRiknu esa o`f}
gksrh gSA
• 5-,d:irk %&
• dEI;wVj dHkh Hkh dk;Z ls Fkdrk ugha gS vFkkZr mlds
dke esa lnSo ,d:irk jgrh gS ;fn ;gh dke ekuo }kjk fd;k tkrk
gSa rks mldks FkksMs le; ckn mls FkdkoV gksus yxrh gS
vkSj og vkjke pkgrk gS fdUrq dEI;wVj ds lkFk ,slk ugha
gksrk gS mls fdlh vkjke dh vko’;drk ugha gksrh gSA
mnkgj.kr;k jsYkos ds dEI;wVj cgqr yEcs le; rd pyrs jgrs
gSaA
• 6- 'kS{kf.kd ykHk %&
• dEI;wVj ds dbZ ,sls izksxzke miyC/k gSa ftuds }kjk Nk=
vius fofHkUu fo"k;ks dk v/;;u dj ldrk gSa] bl izdkj ds
fo'ks"k izksxzkeks dks V~;wVj izksxzke dgk tkrk gSaA ;g
- 9. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
9
gkMZos;j
dEI;wVj gkMZos;j dk rkRi;Z gS e’khuh fgLls
;kuh iqtsZA vFkkZr dEI;wVj ds os midj.k
tks HkkSfrd :i esa gksrs gS] gkMZos;j
dgykrs gSA vxj dEI;wVj dh rqyuk ekuo ls
dh tk, rks ekuo 'kjhj ds fgLlksa dks
gkMZos;j dgk tk ldrk gSA blh izdkj dEI;wVj
ds fgLlksa dks gkMZos;j dgk tkrk gSaaaA
gkMZos;j dk mi;ksx lksQ~Vos;j ds fcuk
dqN Hkh ugha gSA mnkgj.k &
ekml] dh cksMZ] eksfuVj] lh0 ih0 ;w0A
- 10. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
10
lkWQ~Vos;j
dEI;wVj ls dk;Z djokus ds fy, gesa dEI;wVj dks crkuk
gksrk gS fd mls D;k djuk gSA bl dk;Z ds fy, gesa
dEI;wVj dks funsZ’k nsus iM+rs gSaA bu funsZ’kksa
ds lewg dks izksxzke dgk tkrk gSA bu izksxzkeksa
ds lewg dks gh lkWQ~Vos;j dgrs gSaA dksbZ Hkh
gkMZos;j rHkh dk;Z djrk gS] tc mls mlls lEcaf/kr
lkWQ~Vos;j ls funsZ’k feyrs gSA ;fn dEI;wVj dh
rqyuk ekuo ls dh tk, rks ekuo efLr"d esa gksus okyh
izfdz;kvksa dh rqyuk dEI;wVj ds lkWQ~Vos;j ls dh tk
ldrh gSA ftl izdkj ekuo efLr"d dh izfdz;kvksa ds
QyLo:i mRiUu funsZ’kksa ij ekuo 'kjhj ds vax dk;Z
djrs gSa] Bhd mlh izdkj lkWQ~Vos;j ls izkIr
funsZ’kksa ds vuq:i dEI;wVj gkMZos;j lapkfyr gksrk
gSA ftl izdkj ekuoh; 'Okkl ekuo dks lapkfyr djus ds fy,
vko’;d gS mlh izdkj dEI;wVj dks lapkfyr djus ds fy, fo|
qr dh vko’;drk gksrh gSA
- 11. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
11
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ (CPU)
dEI;wVj dk ;g Hkkx fof'k"V ekuk tkrk gS
D;ksafd ;gh Hkkx dEI;wVj dks fn;s tkus
okys lkjs izksxzkeksa dks pykrk gSA
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ dks dEI;wVj dk
efLr"d dgk tkrk gS] bldk laidZ dEI;wVj ds
lkjs ?kVdksa ls tqMk jgrk gS ftl izdkj ekuo
'kjhj dk eq[; Hkkx efLRk"d gksrk gSa vkSj
mldk laidZ 'kjhj ds lHkh Hkkxksa ls gksrk
gSA efLRk"d ds }kjk gh ekuo 'kjhj lapkfyr
gksrk gSa mlh izdkj dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ
- 12. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
12
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bZdkbZ (CPU)
dk CykWd fp=
buiqV
bdkbZ
dsUnzh; lalk/ku
bdkbZ
vadxf.krh; o rkfdZd
bdkbZ
fu;U=.k bdkbZ
eq[; lxzag.k
bdkbZ
vkmViqV
bdkbZ
- 13. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
13
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ dh
fdz;kfof/k
dEI;wVj esa MkVk ;k vkadM+s buiqV
bdkbZ ds ek/;e ls dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ
dks fn, tkrs gSaA mn~ns’; ds vuq:i
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bdkbZ dh vadxf.krh; ,oa
rkfdZd bdkbZ }kjk bu vkadM+ksa dh
izkslsflax dh tkrh gSA izkslsflax dh
fdz;kfof/k ij fu;a=.k bdkbZ }kjk fu;a=.k j[kk
tkrk gSA rRi’pkr~ okafNr ifj.kke eq[;
laxzg.k bdkbZ esa laxzfgr gksdj vkmViqV
bdkbZ ij iznf’kZr gksrk gSA
- 14. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
14
dsUnzh; lalk/ku bZdkbZ ds
HkkXk
enjcksMZ %& enjcksMZ dEI;wVj dk eq[; Hkkx gksrk gSa
bl ij NksVh&NksVh fpIl gksrh gSa o blds Åij cgqr lkjs
LyksV~l gksrs gSa ftl ij dEI;wVj ds Hkkxks dks tksMk tkrk
gSaaA enjcksMZ dbZ izdkj ds miyC/k gSa tSls bUVsy]
edZjh] vkll vkfnA
- 15. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
15
izkslslj %& izkslslj dks enj cksMZ ij
yxk;k tkrk gSA bldk dk;Z dEI;wVj dks fn;s
x;s funsZ’kksa dks iw.kZ djuk gksrk
gSA ;g fn[kus es NksVs vkdkj dh vk;rkdkj
fMokbl gksrh gS ftlds Åij cgqr lkjh
dkaVsuqek fiu gksrh gSA dqN izkslsslj
fcuk fiu ds
Hkh vkrs gSaA cktkj esa dbZ izdkj ds
izkslslj miyC/k gSA
tSls & P4, Core-2-Duo,
Dual Core, AMD 64 Bit, 32Bit.
- 16. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
16
• jSe vkSj jkse %& tc dEI;wVj ij dksbZ izksxzke
py jgk gksrk gS ml izksxzke ds funsZ'kksaa vkSj
muls lacaf/kr MkVk dks Le`fr d{k esa vLFkk;h
rkSj ij lqjf{kr j[kk tkrk gSA rkfd lh-ih-;w viuk dk;Z
rhoz xfr ls dj ldsA blesa fofHkUu izdkj dh
izksxzkfeax dh tk ldrh gSaA jSe vkSj jkse blh
Le`fr d{k ds Òkx gksrs gSA
• gkMZ fMLd MªkbZo %& dEI;wVj esa
izksxzke ,oa MkVk dks gkMZfMLd ij LFkk;h rkSj
ij laxzfgr fd;k tkrk gSA bls MkVk dscy ;k vkbZMh
dscy }kjk enjcksMZ ij yxs LykWV ls tksM+k tkrk
gSA bldks flLVe dh yksdy fMLd Hkh dgrs gSA
• fMLIys@fizaVj ,MsIVj dkMZ %& dEI;wVj
- 17. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
17
1. ih-lh-vkbZ-
LyksV~l
2. izkslslj
3. jse LyksV~l
- 18. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
18
eWkuhVjeWkuhVj;g ns[kus esa fcYdqy Vh-oh- T©lk gksRkk;g ns[kus esa fcYdqy Vh-oh- T©lk gksRkk
gS ijURkq Rkduhdh :i lsgS ijURkq Rkduhdh :i ls dqNdqN fHkUu gksRkkfHkUu gksRkk
gSA ;g vkmViqV ;qfDr;ksa esa lokZf/kd dke esagSA ;g vkmViqV ;qfDr;ksa esa lokZf/kd dke esa
vkus okyk midj.k gSA bls fotqvy fMLIys ;wfuVvkus okyk midj.k gSA bls fotqvy fMLIys ;wfuV
Hkh dgrs gSaA iz;ksxdrkZ ekWuhVj ds }kjk ghHkh dgrs gSaA iz;ksxdrkZ ekWuhVj ds }kjk gh
dEI;wVj ls varfØZ;k djrk gSA ;g buiqV odEI;wVj ls varfØZ;k djrk gSA ;g buiqV o
vkmViqV midj.kksa dk dk;Z djrk gSAvkmViqV midj.kksa dk dk;Z djrk gSA vkmViqVvkmViqV
ds :i esa dke esa fy, tkus okys lk/kkj.k dEI;wVjds :i esa dke esa fy, tkus okys lk/kkj.k dEI;wVj
rFkk buiqV ds :i esa Vp LØhu dEI;wVj dk mi;ksxrFkk buiqV ds :i esa Vp LØhu dEI;wVj dk mi;ksx
gksrk gSAgksrk gSA
- 19. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
19
ekWfuVj ds izdkj
CRTCRT ekWfuVj %&ekWfuVj %& vf/kdka'k dEI;wVjks esa blvf/kdka'k dEI;wVjks esa bl
izdkj dk ekWfuVj dke esa fy;k tkrk gSA ;g cgqrizdkj dk ekWfuVj dke esa fy;k tkrk gSA ;g cgqr
dqN ?kj esa dke vkus okys Vsfyfotu ds leku gksrsdqN ?kj esa dke vkus okys Vsfyfotu ds leku gksrs
gSA buesa fiDpj V~;wcgSA buesa fiDpj V~;wc CRTCRT dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrkdk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk
gSA dEI;wVj dh Ldhzu cgqr NksVs&NksVsgSA dEI;wVj dh Ldhzu cgqr NksVs&NksVs
fcUnqvks esa caVh jgrh gSA ftrus vf/kd fcUnqfcUnqvks esa caVh jgrh gSA ftrus vf/kd fcUnq
gksrsa gSA Ldhzu ij mruh gh vPNh QksVksgksrsa gSA Ldhzu ij mruh gh vPNh QksVks
fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA bu fcUnqvks dksfn[kkbZ nsrh gSA bu fcUnqvks dks PixelsPixels dgrs gSAdgrs gSA
- 20. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
20
Q~ysV isuy fMLIysQ~ysV isuy fMLIys ((FPD)FPD) ekWfuVjekWfuVj
%&%&
;g ubZ rduhd ij vk/kkfjr eksuhVj gSA buesa;g ubZ rduhd ij vk/kkfjr eksuhVj gSA buesa
vkosf’kr jlk;uksa vkSj xSlksa dks dkap dhvkosf’kr jlk;uksa vkSj xSlksa dks dkap dh
IysVksa ds e/; la;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA ;g iryhIysVksa ds e/; la;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA ;g iryh
fMLIys ;qfDr Q~ysV isuy fMLIys dgykrhfMLIys ;qfDr Q~ysV isuy fMLIys dgykrh
gSA ,Q-ih-Mh- eksfuVj vR;f/kd irys] piVs]gSA ,Q-ih-Mh- eksfuVj vR;f/kd irys] piVs]
otu esa gYds o de fo|qr [kir okys gksrsotu esa gYds o de fo|qr [kir okys gksrs
gSA ;g rhu izdkj ds gksrs gSa %&gSA ;g rhu izdkj ds gksrs gSa %&
1- nzoh; fdzLVy fMLIys eksfuVj1- nzoh; fdzLVy fMLIys eksfuVj
2- xSl IykTek fMLIys eksfuVj2- xSl IykTek fMLIys eksfuVj
3- bysDVªksY;wfeuslsV fMLIys eksfuVj3- bysDVªksY;wfeuslsV fMLIys eksfuVj
- 21. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
21
fyfDoM+ fdzLVy fMLIysfyfDoM+ fdzLVy fMLIys (LCD)(LCD)
eksfuVjeksfuVj
• vktdy bl izdkj ds eksfuVj izpyu esa gSAvktdy bl izdkj ds eksfuVj izpyu esa gSA
ysiVkWi esa Hkh bl izdkj ds eksfuVj iz;qDrysiVkWi esa Hkh bl izdkj ds eksfuVj iz;qDr
gksrs gSAgksrs gSA jktLFkku iqfyl ds lhik izkstsDVjktLFkku iqfyl ds lhik izkstsDV
ds r`rh; pj.k esa bl izdkj ds eksfuVj dke esads r`rh; pj.k esa bl izdkj ds eksfuVj dke esa
fy, tk jgs gSAfy, tk jgs gSA
xSl IykTek vkSj bysDVªksY;wfeuslsVxSl IykTek vkSj bysDVªksY;wfeuslsV
eksfuVj dk fMLIys ,y-lh-Mh- eksfuVjeksfuVj dk fMLIys ,y-lh-Mh- eksfuVj
¼fyfDoM+ fdzLVy eksfuVj½ dh rqyuk esa¼fyfDoM+ fdzLVy eksfuVj½ dh rqyuk esa
vPNh DokfyVh dk gksrk gS fdUrq budhvPNh DokfyVh dk gksrk gS fdUrq budh
dher vis{kkd`r vf/kd gksrh gSAdher vis{kkd`r vf/kd gksrh gSA
- 22. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
22
• Vp Ldzhu eksuhVj %&
Vp Ldzhu ekuo
vaxqfy;kssa ds Li’kZ ds
izfr laosnu’khy gksrs gSaA
Ldzhu dh lrg ij cgqr ls Li’kZ
laosnh izksxzke Li’kZ
fcUnq gksrs gSA izR;sd
Li’kZ fcUnq }kjk mls Li’kZ
djus ij buiqV ladsr mRiUu
fd, tkrs gSaA
Vp Ldzhu ij lkekU;r% ,d ehuw iznf’kZr gksrk gSA bl
ehuw esa ftl fodYi dks pquuk gks mls maxyh ls Nwrs
gSaA Vp Ldzhu cgqr gh fe=or gksrs gS rFkk bUgsa
iz;ksx djus ds fy, dEI;wVj fo’ks"kK gksuk vko’;d
ughsa gSA Vp Ldzhu dk mi;ksx mu LFkkuksa ij gksrk
gS tgka vke yksxksa dks dksbZ tkudkjh izkIr djuh gks
;k dksbZ fo’ks"k dk;Z djuk gks tSls& cM+s&cM+s
jsYos LVs’kuksa ij Vªsu dh fLFkfr] fdjk;k vkfn dh
tkudkjh izkIr djus rFkk ,-Vh-,e- ls jkf’k fudkyus] cSysal
dk irk yxkus ds fy, Vp Ldzhu dk gh mi;ksx fd;k tkrk
gSA
- 23. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
23
ekml
• ekml eksuhVj ij utj vkus okys
IokbaVj dks fu;af=r djrk gSA
vkerkSj ij ekml dk IkokbzaVj ,d rhj
ds #i esa utj vkrk gSA pwWfd
,Iyhds’ku ds vk/kkj ij bldk vkdkj
cnyrk jgrk gSA ekml esa ,d] nks ;k
rhu cVu gks ldrs gSa] ftuds tfj;s
funsZ’kksa ds fodYi pqus tkrs gSa
vkSj fDyd djUks ij funsZ'k lapkfYkr
g®Rks gSaA dqN ekml esa Oghy
cVu gksrs gSa] ftudh enn ls
ekWuhVj ij utj vk jgh lwpuk dks
LØksy djds ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
- 24. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
24
Ekkml dk iz;ksXk
• IokbfUVx:
cxSj dksbZ cVu bR;kfn nck;s gq;s dsoy ekml IokbUVj dks
LØhu ij fuf'pRk LFkku ij ?kqekRks gq;s igqapuk] IokbfUVx
dgykRkk gSaA
• flaxy fDyd:
cka;sa cVu dks ,d ckj vukfedk vaxqyh ls nckdj NksM+uk
fDyd dgykRkk gSA
• Mcy fDyd:
cka;sa cVu dks fdlh vkbdu ij nks ckj fDyd djuk Mcy fDyd
dgykRkk gSA Mcy fDyd djus ij og lk¶Vos;j dk;kZfUoRk
gks TkkRkk gSA
• jkbV fDyd:
nka;sa cVu dks ,d ckj e/;fedk vaxqyh ls nckdj NksM+uk
jkbV fDyd dgykRkk gSA
- 25. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
25
dhcksMZ
• dhcksMZ MsVk buiqV djus dk lcls vklku rjhdk gSA ftu
la[;kvksa] v{kjksa rFkk fo’ks"k dSjsDVjksa dks ge le> ldrs
gS] dhcksMZ mudks fo|qrh; rjaxksa esa ifjofrZr dj nsrk
gSA bu ladsrksa dks flLVe ;wfuV rd Hkstrk gS] tks
mUgsa izkslsl djrk gSA vf/kdrj dhcksMZ] cVuksa dh ,d
[kkl O;oLFkk dk mi;ksx djrk gSa ftls QWERTY dgrs gSaA ;g
'kCn dhcksMZ ds ysvkmV dks iznf’Zkr djrk gSA vktdy
dhcksMZ dh fofHkUu fdLesa izpfyr gSa tSls
NksVs&cM+s] fjftM o ¶ySfDlcyA
• ikjaifjd dhcksMZ %& ;s dhcksMZ] vk;rkdkj] vkdkj esa
cM+s o Bksl gksrs gSa rFkk buesas QaD’ku]
usfoxs’kuy ,oa U;wesfjd cVu 'kkfey gksrs gSaA
- 27. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
27
dh&cksMZ dh:
A ls Z] 0 ls 9 RkFkk fo'ks"k fpUg T©ls%& ~, !, @, $, %, ^,
&, * vkfn gksRks gSaA
QaD'ku dhTk:
;s F1 ls F12 Rkd gksRkh gS RkFkk ;s gkV key dgykRkh
gSA vyx&vyx lk¶Vos;j esa fofHkUu dk;Z buds }kjk fd;s TkkRks
gSaA vf/kdRkj lk¶Vos;j esa F1 key gsYi key gksRkh gSA
RkFkk bl key dks nckus ls vkuykbu gsYi vkRkh gSA
fn'kk ;k djlj dUVªksy dhTk:
bu key ij ← ↑ → ↓ fn'kk ds fu'kku gksRks gSa A fTkuls
ck;sa] Åij] nk;sa RkFkk uhps dlZj dks ys TkkRks gSa Home,
End, Page Up, Page Down key Hkh dlZj fu;a=d gksRkh gSaA
- 28. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
28
dh dlZj pyus dh fn'kk
↑ vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d ykbu Åij pyukA
↓ vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d ykbu uhps pyukA
→ vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d v{kj nk;sa pyukA
← vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d v{kj ck;sa pyukA
^← vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d 'kCn ck;sa pyukA
^→ vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ,d 'kCn nk;sa pyukA
Home vius LFkku ls dlZj ys[k dh izFke ykbu ds izFke
'kCn(;k dkye)esa TkkukA
End vius LFkku ls dlZj dk ys[k ds vURk esa TkkukA
PgDn LØhu ij nf'kZRk MkVk ds fiNys Hkkx dks LØhu ij
ykus gsRkqA
PgUp LØhu ij nf'kZRk MkVk ds vxys Hkkx dks LØhu ij
ykus gsRkqA
- 29. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
29
• dSIlykWd dh:
bl key dks nckus ls dh&cksMZ dSfiVy ysVlZ
¼cM+s ;k vij ½ RkFkk bl dh dks nqckjk nckus ij
¼NksVs ;k yksoj½ esa fy[kRkk gSA blds vku ;k vkQ
dh lwpuk Hkh dh cksMZ ij dSIlykd dh ykbV Tkyus ;k
cUn gksus ls izkIr dj ldRks gSaA
• f'k¶V dhTk:
;g key dhcksMZ esa nksuks RkjQ gksRkh gSA bl key
dks nck;s j[kus ds ckn fdlh Hkh ySVj dks izsl djsaxs
Rkks dSfiVy ysVj ¼cMs v{kj) esa fy[ksxk] ;fn dSIlykd
vku gS Rkks f'k¶V key dks nckus ls NksVs v{kj esa
fy[ksxkA dqN key(s) esa nks fu'kku gksRks gSa Rkks
f'k¶V nckdj Vkbi djus ij Åij dk fu'kku fizUV gksxk
vU;Fkk lkekU; fLFkfRk esa uhps dk fu'kku fizUV
gksxkA
- 30. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
30
• dUVªksy ,oa vkWYV dhTk:
Ctrl key dks gkWV key Hkh dgrs gS ;s Lislckj ds nksuks
RkjQ gksRkh gSaA bu key dks nckus ij dEI;wVj dqN
fo'ks"k dk;Z djRkk gSA lk¶Vos;j esa Hkh budk iz;ksx
djds 'kkVZdV dek.M ,fDVosV gksRks gSa T©ls%&
fo.Mks esa dUVksy Iyl lh ¼ Ctrl + C ½ key dkih djsxk]
RkFkk ¼ Ctrl + X ½ dV djsxk] ¼ Ctrl + S ½ lso djsxk blh
Rkjg Alt +F nckus ij fo.Mks esa ,e-,l- oMZ vkfn esa
Qkby esuw iqyMkmu gks TkkRkk gSA
• ,UVj@fjVuZ dh:
lkekU;Rk% ;g key nks dk;ksZ esa iz;ksx gksRkh
gS ,d dek.M lekfIRk dh lwpuk bl key dks izsl dj ds
nh TkkRkh gSa] RkHkh dEI;wVj izkslsflax ÁkjEHk
djRkk gS] nwljk ,e- ,l-oMZ vkfn esa bl key dks nckus
ls u;k iSjkxzkQ ;k ubZ ykbu 'kq: gks TkkRkh gSA
- 31. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. &
TECH., BANDIKUI
31
• ikWTk dh :
bl key dks nckus ls MkWl esa fn;s x;s dek.M dh izkslsflax dks
jksd ldRks gSa ;fn nqckjk nck;sa Rkks izkslsflax fQj 'kq: gks
Tkk;sxhA
• VSc dh :
blls dlZj ,d fuf'pRk vURkjky ds ckn :dRkk gSA fo.MksTk esa
Mk;ykWx ckDl esa fodYi pquus ds fy;s Hkh bldk mi;ksx djRks
gSaA
• Ldsi dh :
;g key igys fn;s x;s dek.M dks lekIr djRkk gS rFkk iqyMkmu
ehuw ,oa 'kkVZdV ehuw cUn gks tkrs gSaA
• fizUV LØhu dh :
bl key dks nckus ls MkWl izkEIV esa Tkks Hkh LØhu ij fy[kk
gksxk mls fizUVj ls fizUV dj nsxkA fo.MksTk okRkkoj.k esa bl
key dks nckus ls LØhu dh besTk fDyi cksMZ ij vk TkkRkh gS
fTkls fdlh Hkh lkW¶Vos;j esa isLV dj ldRks gSaA
- 32. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
32
• fMyhV dh :
bl key dks nckus ij dlZj TkgkW gS mlds nkfgus RkjQ
ds djsDVj fMyhV gksRks gSaA
• cSd Lisl :
cSd Lisl key dks nckus ls dlZj ,d Lisl ihNs ¼ck;ha
RkjQ½ ,d ,d djsDVj fMyhV djRkk gqvk TkkRkk gSA
• U;wesfjd dh iSM rFkk ueykWd dh :
dh&cksMZ ds nkfguh vksj dqN Key gksRkh gSa fTku
ij 0 ls 9 RkFkk isTk&vi] isTk&Mkmu] gkse bR;kfn ds
cVu gksRks gSaA ;fn Åij ueykWd dh vku gS Rkks bl
dhiSM ls U;wesfjd MkVk fy[k ldRks gSA ;fn ueykWd
key vkQ gS Rkks dlZj fu;a=d vkfn dh Rkjg dke djRkh
gSA
- 33. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
33
• bUlVZ&dh :
bUlVZ&dh vkWu gksus dh n'kk esa 'kCnksa
ds e/; u;s 'kCn dk lekos'k fd;k Tkk ldRkk gS
vU;Fkk igys ls fy[ks 'kCn ij u;s 'kCn vafdRk gks
Tkk;saxsA bl izfØ;k dks Øe'k% Insert Mode
RkFkk Overwrite Mode dgk TkkRkk gSA
- 34. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
34
• dk;Z ds vk/kkj ij dhcksMZ nks izdkj ds gksrs gSA
1- jsfeaxVu dhcksMZ 2- buLØhIV dhcksMZ
• jsfeaxVu dhcksMZ&;s dhcksMZ fgUnh VkbZijkbZVj dh rjg
gksrs gSa rFkk buds }kjk ge fgUnh esa mlh rjg ls gh dk;Z djrs
gSa tSls fgUnh VkbZijkbZVj ls djrs gSaA
• buLØhIV dhcksMZ& ¼bafM;u LØhIV½ ;g dhcksMZ bl
izdkj ls rS;kj fd;k gS dh tSls ge gkFk ls v{kj fy[krs gSaA blesa
Loj ck;sa iSM dh rjQ gSa rFkk O;atu nk;sa iSM dh rjQ cuk;s
x;s gSa] blesa Lojksa ds vyx ls ek=k ugh yxkuh iM+rh gSA
rFkk O;atuksa dks vkil esa feykus ds fy;s gYkar dk iz;ksx fcuk
f’k¶V&dh ds fd;k tkrk gSA
- 35. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
35
buiqV midj.k
• buiqV midj.k %& dEI;wVj esa dksbZ
Hkh MkVk ;k izksxzke ftu midj.kksa dh
lgk;rk ls igqpk;k tkrk gS] mUgs buiqV
midj.k dgrs gSA mnkgj.k Lo:i ;fn ges
dksbZ i= dEI;wVj ij rS;kj djuk gS tks
dhcksMZ ds ek/;e ls mlesa fo"k; oLrq dks
VkbZi fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr dh dhcksMZ
buiqV midj.k dk dk;Z djsxhA buiqV
midj.kksa ds mnkgj.k & dhcksMZ] Ldsuj]
ckjdksM jhMj] Vp Ldzhu eksuhVj]
- 36. AAYAAM INSTITUTE OF MGMT. & TECH.,
BANDIKUI
36
vkmViqV midj.k
vkmViqV midj.k %& dEI;wVj ij fd;s x;s dk;Z
ds ifj.kke ftu midj.kksa ij izkIr gksrs gS mUgs
vkmViqV midj.k dgrs gSA ;g midj.k lhih;w ls
izkslsflax ds Ik'pkr~ izkIr vfUre ifj.kkeksa dks
vklkuh ls i<h tkus okyh Hkk"kk esa ifjofrZr dj
iznf'kZr djrs gSA vxj vkmViqV dks isij ij ysuk gks
rks fizUVj dk mi;ksx djrs gS vkSj ;fn bls n`'; :i
esa ns[kuk gks rks ekWuhVj dk mi;ksx djrs gSA
tSls%& fizaVj] xzkQ Iy®Vj] ekWuhVj] LihdjA