1. TABLA PERIÓDICA DE LOS ELEMENTOS
1 2
H He
1766 1868
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
1817 1798 1808 **** 1772 1774 1886 1898
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
1807 1808 1827 1824 1669 **** 1774 1894
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
1807 1808 1879 1791 1801 1797 1774 -3000 1735 1751 -9000 1746 1875 1886 1250? 1817 1826 1898
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
1861 1808 1843 1789 1801 1781 1937 1844 1803 1803 -3000 1817 1863 -3000 1492? 1782 1811 1898
55 56 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
1860 1808 1907 1923 1802 1783 1925 1803 1803 1748 -5000 -2000 1861 -3000 1450? 1898 1940 1900
87 88 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
1939 1898 1961 1964 1967 1974 1981 1984 1982 1994 1994 1996 1998 1999 1999
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
101
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
Md 1839
89
1803
90
1885
91
1885
92
1945
93
1879
94
1901
95
1880
96
1843
97
1886
98
1878
99
1842
100
1879
101
1878
102
1955 Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
1899 1828 1913 1789 1940 1940 1944 1944 1949 1950 1952 1952 1955 1958

2. TABLA PERIÓDICA DE LOS ELEMENTOS
1 2
H He
Hidrógeno Helio
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Litio Berilio Boro Carbono Nitrógeno Oxígeno Flúor Neón
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodio Magnesio Aluminio Silicio Fósforo Azufre Cloro Argón
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potasio Calcio Escandio Titanio Vanadio Cromo Manganase Hierro Cobalto Níquel Cobre Cinc Galio Germanio Arsénico Selenio Bromo Criptón
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidio Estroncio Itrio Circonio Niobio Molibdeno Tecnecio Rutenio Rodio Paladio Plata Cadmio Indio Estaño Antimonio Teluro Yodo Xenón
55 56 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Cesio Bario Lutecio Hafnio Tántalo Wolframio Renio Osmio Iridio Platino Oro Mercurio Talio Plomo Bismuto Polonio Astato Radón
87 88 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
Francio Radio Laurencio Rutherfordio Dubnio Seaborgio Bohrio Hassio Meitnerio Darmstadtio Roentgenio
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
101
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
Md Lantano
89 90
Cerio Praseodimio Neodimio
91 92
Prometio
93
Samario
94
Europio
95
Gadolinio
96 97
Terbio Disprosio
98
Holmio
99 100
Erbio
101
Tulio
102
Iterbio
Mendelevio Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
Actinio Torio Protactinio Uranio Neptunio Plutonio Americio Curio Berquelio Californio Einstenio Fermio Mendelevio Nobelio

3. CONFIGURACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
1 2
1s 1s
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
2s 2s 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
3s 3s 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 6 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 6 3 2 6 4 2 6 5 2 6 6 2 6 7 2 6 8 2 6 9 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10
3s p 3s p 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d
1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p
Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5s 5s 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
6s 6s 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
7s 7s 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s

4. CONFIGURACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
1 2
1s 1s
He He He He He He He He
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
2s 2s 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
3s 3s 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p
Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar Ar
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
4s 4s 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p
Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5s 5s 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
6s 6s 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
7s 7s 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s

5. CONFIGURACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
1 2
1s 1s
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
2s 2s 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
3s 3s 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 6 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 6 3 2 6 4 2 6 5 2 6 6 2 6 7 2 6 8 2 6 9 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10
3s p 3s p 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d
1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p
Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5s 5s 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
6s 6s 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
7s 7s 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s

6. CONFIGURACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
1 2
1s 1s
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
2s 2s 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
3s 3s 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p 3s p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s 1s
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p 2s p
2 6 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 6 3 2 6 4 2 6 5 2 6 6 2 6 7 2 6 8 2 6 9 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10 2 6 10
3s p 3s p 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d 3s p d
p
1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
s
4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p 4s p
Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr Kr
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5s 5s 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p 5s p
Xe
6s
1
Xe
6s
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
1
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
2
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
3
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
4
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
5
2
dXe
4f
5d
14
6
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
7
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
8
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
9
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 1
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 2
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 3
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 4
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 5
Xe
4f
5d
14
10
2 6
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p 6s p
Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn Rn
1 2 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
7s 7s 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6
7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p 7s p
Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe Xe
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s 6s
Rn
5f
7s
1
2
Rn
5f
7s
2
2
Rn
5f
7s
3
2
Rn
5f
7s
4
2
Rn
5f
7s
5
2
Rn
5f
7s
6
2
Rn
5f
7s
7
2
f Rn
5f
7s
8
2
Rn
5f
7s
9
2
Rn
5f
7s
10
2
Rn
5f
7s
11
2
Rn
5f
7s
12
2
Rn
5f
7s
13
2
Rn
5f
7s
14
2

7. ELECTRONEGATIVIDADES
2,20
0,98 1,57 2,04 2,55 3,04 3,44 3,98
0,93 1,31 1,61 1,90 2,19 2,58 3,16
0,82 1,00 1,36 1,54 1,63 1,66 1,55 1,83 1,88 1,91 1,90 1,65 1,81 2,01 2,18 2,55 2,96 3,00
0,82 0,95 1,22 1,33 1,6 2,16 1,9 2,2 2,28 2,20 1,93 1,69 1,78 1,96 2,05 2,1 2,66 2,6
0,79 0,89 1,27 1,3 1,5 2,36 1,9 2,2 2,20 2,28 2,54 2,00 1,62 2,33 2,02 2,0 2,2
0,7 0,9
1,10 1,12 1,13 1,14 1,17 1,20 1,22 1,23 1,24 1,25
1,1 1,3 1,5 1,38 1,26 1,28 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3

8. TABLA PERIÓDICA DE LOS ELEMENTOS
1 2
H He
1766 ESTADO A 298 K 1868
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be LÍQUIDO B C N O F Ne
1817 1798 1808 **** 1772 1774 1886 1898
GAS
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
SÓLIDO
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
1807 1808 ARTIFICIAL 1827 1824 1669 **** 1774 1894
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
1807 1808 1879 1791 1801 1797 1774 -3000 1735 1751 -9000 1746 1875 1886 1250? 1817 1826 1898
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
1861 1808 1843 1789 1801 1781 1937 1844 1803 1803 -3000 1817 1863 -3000 1492? 1782 1811 1898
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
1860 1808 1839 1923 1802 1783 1925 1803 1803 1748 -5000 -2000 1861 -3000 1450? 1898 1940 1900
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Uun Uuu Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
1939 1898 1899 1964 1967 1974 1981 1984 1982 1994 1994 1996 1998 1999 1999
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
101
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Md 1803
90
1885
91
1885
92
1945
93
1879
94
1901
95
1880
96
1843
97
1886
98
1878
99
1842
100
1879
101
1878
102
1907
103
1955 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
1828 1913 1789 1940 1940 1944 1944 1949 1950 1952 1952 1955 1958 1961

9. TABLA PERIÓDICA DE LOS ELEMENTOS
1 2
H He
1766 NO METALES 1868
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
METALES
Li Be B C N O F Ne
1817 1798 1808 **** 1772 1774 1886 1898
SEMIMETALES
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg GASES NOBLES Al Si P S Cl Ar
1807 1808 1827 1824 1669 **** 1774 1894
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
1807 1808 1879 1791 1801 1797 1774 -3000 1735 1751 -9000 1746 1875 1886 1250? 1817 1826 1898
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
1861 1808 1843 1789 1801 1781 1937 1844 1803 1803 -3000 1817 1863 -3000 1492? 1782 1811 1898
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
1860 1808 1839 1923 1802 1783 1925 1803 1803 1748 -5000 -2000 1861 -3000 1450? 1898 1940 1900
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Uun Uuu Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
1939 1898 1899 1964 1967 1974 1981 1984 1982 1994 1994 1996 1998 1999 1999
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
101
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Md 1803
90
1885
91
1885
92
1945
93
1879
94
1901
95
1880
96
1843
97
1886
98
1878
99
1842
100
1879
101
1878
102
1907
103
1955 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
1828 1913 1789 1940 1940 1944 1944 1949 1950 1952 1952 1955 1958 1961

10. VALENCIAS
H He
1
Li Be B C N O F Ne
1 2 3 2,4 1,2,3, 2 (1) 1
4,5
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
1 2 3 2,4 3,5 2,4,6 1,3,5,7
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Br Kr
1 2 3 2,3,4 2,3,
2,3,4,5 2,3,(6) (4,6,7) 2,3 2,3 2,3 1,2 2 3,5 2,4,6 1,3,5,7
Rb Sr Pd Ag Cd Sn Sb Te I Xe
1 2 2,4 1 2 2,4 3,5 2,4,6 1,3,5,7
Cs Ba Pt Au Hg Pb Rn
1 2 2,4 1,3 1,2 2,4
Fr Ra
1 2

11. NÚMEROS DE OXIDACIÓN
H He
+1
Li Be B C N O F Ne
+1 +2 ±3 +2, ±4 ±1, ±2, ±3 -1,-2 -1
+4,+5
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
+1 +2 +3 +2, ±4 ±3,+5 ±2,+4,+6 ±1
+3,+5,+7
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
+1 +2 +3 +2,+3,+4 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +1,+2 +2 +1,+3 +2,+4 ±3,+5 -2,+4,+6 ±1
+2,+3 +2,+3 +4,+6,+7 +3,+5,+7
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
+1 +2 +3 +3,+4 +4,+5 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+4 +1 +2 +1,+3 +2,+4 ±3,+5 ±2,+4,+6 ±1
+2,+3 +2,+3 +6,+7 +4,+5,+6 +4,+5,+6 +3,+5,+7
Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
+1 +2 +3,+4 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+4 +1,+3 +1,+2 +1,+3 +2,+4 +3,+5 ±2,+4,+6 ±1,+5
+2,+3 (+4,+6,+7) +4,+5,+6 +4,+5,+6
Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
+1 +2 +3,+4
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
+3
Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
+3

12. GASES NOBLES
HALÓGENOS
ANFÍGENOS O CALCÓGENOS
METALES
NITROGENOIDEOS
OTROS
CARBONOIDEOS
TIERRAS RARAS (LANTÁNIDOS)
TIERRAS RARAS (ACTÍNIDOS)
B
NOMBRE DE LOS GRUPOS
METALES DE TRANSICIÓN
METALES ALCALINO TÉRREOS
METALES ALCALINOS
H

13. NÚMEROS DE OXIDACIÓN
H He
±1
Li Be B C N O** F Ne
+1 +2 ±3 +2, ±4 ±1, ±2, ±3 -1,-2 -1
+4,+5
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
+1 +2 +3 +2, ±4 ±3,+5 ±2,+4,+6 ±1
+3,+5,+7
K Ca Cr* Mn* Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Se Br Kr
+1 +2 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +2,+3 +1,+2 2 ±3,+5 -2,+4,+6 ±1
(+6) (+4,+6,+7) +3,+5,+7
Rb Sr Ag Cd Sn Sb Te I Xe
+1 +2 +1 +2 +2,+4 ±3,+5 ±2,+4,+6 ±1
+3,+5,+7
Cs Ba Pt Au Hg Pb Rn
+1 +2 +2,+4 +1,+3 +1,+2 +2,+4
Fr Ra
+1 +2
* Los números de oxidación que aparecen entre paréntesis son con los que actúan cuando forman compuestos ternarios, actuando como no metales.
** El oxígeno solo funciona con el número de oxidación -1 en los peróxidos.
*** Los no metales, cuando se combinan con el hidrógeno, actúan con el número de oxidación negativo, igual que cuando forman sales binarias.

14. TABLA PERIÓDICA DE LOS ELEMENTOS
101
Md
Mendelevio

15. SISTEMA PERIÓDICO DE LOS ELEMENTOS
← GRUPOS →
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
NO
1
METALES
MÁS
2 SEMIMETALES ELECTRONEGATIVO
A G
L A
P C S
3 METALES
E A E
L S
R I
I 4 N N
O O O
D S B
O L
5
S E
S
6
CARÁCTER
7 MÁS
METÁLICO

16. NÚMEROS ATÓMICOS
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
SÍMBOLOS
1 H He
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs M Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
CONFIGURACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
1 1s1 1s2
2 2s1 2s2 2p1 2p2 2p3 2p4 2p5 2p6
3 3s1 3s2 3p1 3p2 3p3 3p4 3p5 3p6
4 4s1 4s2 3d1 3d2 3d3 3d4 3d5 3d6 3d7 3d8 3d9 3d10 4p1 4p2 4p3 4p4 4p5 4p6
5 5s1 5s2 4d1 4d2 4d3 4d4 4d5 4d6 4d7 4d8 4d9 4d10 5p1 5p2 5p3 5p4 5p5 5p6
6 6s1 6s2 4f1 4f2 4f3 4f4 4f5 4f6 4f7 4f8 4f9 4f10 4f11 4f12 4f13 4f14 5d1 5d2 5d3 5d4 5d5 5d6 5d7 5d8 5d9 5d10 6p1 6p2 6p3 6p4 6p5 6p6
7 7s1 7s2 5f1 5f2 5f3 5f4 5f5 5f6 5f7 5f8 5f9 5f10 5f11 5f12 5f13 5f14 6d1 6d2 6d3 6d4 6d5 6d6 6d7 6d8 6d9 6d10 7p1 7p2 7p3 7p4 7p5 7p6