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Guldasta-e-Mashriq : Vol 11, Issue No.
(33
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India p.13)
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13-(2)The state shall not make any law
which takes away or abridges the rights
conferred by this part and any law
made in contravention of this clause
shall, to the extent of the contravention,
be void.(The Constitution of India p.6)
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Act 0*g14~0*k”{LL‡âyD£t›hpZ&óó
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»¼ÒpHY@*ìXÉZχây Rights on Divorce
(Æ Criminal Procedure Code / Act 125)
ŸKYD÷X‡ây521&Šg`fsìX
Chapter IX Section 125-Order for
maintenance of wives, children and
parents.(1) If any person leaving
sufficient means neglects or refuses to
maintain-(a) his wife, unable to
maintain herself, or (b) his legitimate or
illegitimet minor child, whether married
or not, unable to maintain itself, or (c)
his legitimate or illegitimete child (not
being a married daughter) who has
attained majority, where such child is,
by reason of any physical or mental
36 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

36. abnormality or injury unable to maintain
itself, or (d) his father or mother, unable
to maintain himself or herself, a
magistrate of the first class may, upon
proof of such neglect or refusal, order
such person to make a monthly
allowance for the maintenance of his
wife or such child, father or mother, at
such monthly rate as such magistrate
thinks fit, and to pay the same to such
person as the magistrate may from
time to time direct.( Code of Criminal
Procedure, 1973)
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37. H i n d u C o d e B i l l s yzÃe.Þ)
(1955,56
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1-Hindu Marriage Act 2-Hindu
Succession Act 3-Hindu Minority and
Guardianship Act 4-Hindu Adoptions
and Maintenance Act
yz`~:t»Ãð¦g7åÔTÆ:LxVç~
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(1)This act applies (a) to any person
who is a Hindu by religion in any of its
forms or developments, including a
Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of
the Brahmo, prarthana or Arya Samaj,
(b) to any person who is a Buddist,
Jaina or SIkh by religion, and (c) to
any other person domiciled in the
territories to which this Act extends who
is not a Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew
by religion.(Hindu Marriage Act, 1955)
CommonCivil 7VÎwÃe)
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Ə™äÆa',ßÓ#ÖÃZq-g7g^7ň¶X
Zkz‰ÜÌyz*ã`äZkÅJ#¿ÅZzg',ß
Íg¯äZk?m,ÚŠ™Šc*åXözŠf‚ZÛZŠÔM`
J-7VÎwÃeÆÎfÅ!*]™gì÷XZ7tŠ9
e’āyz*yZq-MpDoìXZϧbŒVZ
èZ<ØÆcz»gM!*Š÷XŒVZq-n»pDÂxCÙ¦/‡.Þ
39 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

39. Jw7ƒYX‡ây¯**ZqìZzg‡ây6,¿™**
Zzg¿™zZ**ZqìXË/g~ZzgúZòÓ#ÖÃth
qÝ7ā),zg¸]ZIzíÃZyÅ%èz¢Š¬)Æ
ÜsËZq-pÄzÕy»0*ȯäÅÃÒ™}Ô²Zk
~gZs#z¬sÅOñ¤„¤ƒÔZzgZIzí
ÌZÐ**I™DƒVX
Principles of State Policy gÉZßw)
(¾Æa÷? Directive
~t!*]zZãÅY_ìāŠ2gy»aåz 37 Mgç
%œ/zgc*„ÓÅxZV)®)Zzg0*g14zZÔÆa
ìXÂxÓ#ÖŪŠ]™äzZà)®)ÆatgÉ
(Æfg=Zy» Judiciary ZßwzçZ*÷X°D)
Principles of State Îf7ƒYXZy¸Z2Ã
Њi 36 –ŠHìXŠi Directive Policy
p a r t gÉZßw%¸x÷Xa¸z) 1 7 J-5 1
Šg` 37 (~‘‰gÉZßwÆ!*g}~Mgç IV
fsìX
37-The provisions contained in this part
shall not be enforceable by any court,
but the principles therein laid down are
nevertheless fundamental in the
governance of the country and it shall
be the duty of the state to apply these
principles in making laws..(The
Constitution of India p.21)
(ÐH%ZŠì? State ZÃ)
~LLZÃóó 36 Š2gyÆa¸zÅŠiZzwªŠi
ÅzŸs#ňìXŠi63&Šg`fsìX
36-In this part, unless the context
otherwise requires, ''the State'' has the
same meaning as in part III. (The
Constitution of India p.21)
ªzÎx~ZûŽ
!š-ö
D
ìÔz„
!š-ö
D
zXgx~%ZŠ
~ZkÅzŸs#ň 1 2 1ŠHìXzÎxÅŠi
ìXŠi21&qgzfsìX
12-In this part, unless the context
otherwise requires, ''the State'' includes
the Government and Parliament of
India and the Government and
Legilature of each of the states and all
local or other authorities within the
territoryof India or under the control of
th e Go ve rn me nt o f In di a.(The
Constitution of India p.6)
gÉZßßVÅŠgzÈ~
Principles of State Policy ÓxgÉZßw)
40 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

40. (7V7÷X‰z{÷X»ÎfÑixìÔ Directive
‰z{÷XÆ!*g}~Ó#ÖùÃÒ™ã
ìX‰qÑ]z¢zg]Æz‰Ü‡.ÞÎf÷ÔªZy
gÉZßßVÆZŠgY]÷XZk§btgÉZßwâ
Categories in descending ŠgzÈi%zV)
(~Ë÷XCÙŠi6,i@Ze$ÆaZEwG order
(ª§i@Ze$ Intensity YäzZáZÖpÅ”])
Æfg=Zy~ÐZq-ÅŠzu}6,F,ßz¯E
(ªCÙƒCìXìwgìāZygÉZßßV Priority)
(ìÔ°D State (ZÃ) Addressee »¯[ZD)
7XZÃÅ¢zg~=ôâI~ÉŠ~ˆìX
gÉZßw»ŠgzZzw
M@*ìÔT~tZÖpZEw 47(i) ŠgzZzw~Mgç
ƒñ÷X
47-The state shall regard........ .....as
among its primary duties....(The
Constitution of India p.23)
ªxZVßvZKZzAf)ŠZg~™™ZyèÃg{ZñgÃZx
Š,X
gÉZßw»ŠgzŠzx
M@*ìÔT~tZÖpZEwƒñ 46 ŠgzŠzx~Mgç
÷X
46- The state shall promote with
special care ........ ....(The Constitution
of India p.23)
ªxZVßvZKSàÂzÆ‚BZyèÃg{ZñgÃZxŠ,X
gÉZßw»ŠgzÎx
ìÔT~tZÖpZEwƒñ÷X 39 ŠgzÎx~Mgç
39-The state shall in particular direct its
policy towards securin ........ .....(The
Constitution of India p.21,22)
ªxZâVÅf)ŠZg~ìāz{ZK0*ŒÅZk§bú™,X
gÉZßw»ŠgzXgx
M@*ìÔT~tZÖpZEw 39A ŠgzXgx~Mgç
ƒñ÷X
39A-The state shall secure ........
.....(The Constitution of India p.22)
ªxZâVÅf)ŠZg~ìāz{ZyèÃg{ZñgÃZxŠ,X
gÉZßw»ŠgzQ
M@*ìÔT~tZÖpZEwƒñ 49 ŠgzQ~Mgç
÷X
49-It shall be the obligation of the State
to protect ........ .....(The Constitution of
India p.24)
ªxZâV»tÛ9ìāz{ZyèÃg{ZñgÃôpgOX
41 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

41. gÉZßw»Šgz¼
MD÷ÔX~tZÖp 41 & 42 Šgz¼~Mgç
ZEwƒñ÷X
41-The state shall...... ......make
effective provision ........ .....(The
Constitution of India p.22)
42-The state shall make provision
....... .....(The Constitution of India p.22)
ªxZâVÅf)ŠZg~ìāz{úZxÃèÃg{ZñgÆ£t
ŠÑNX
gÉZßw»ŠgzÞ
40,43A,48(ii) & ŠgzÞ~egMgçMD÷X
X~tZÖpZEwƒñ÷X 50
40, 43A, 48(ii) & 50-The state shall
take steps ........ .....(The Constitution
of India p.22,23,24)
ªxZâVÅf)ŠZg~ìāz{ZyèÃg{Zñg»ZOx™,X
gÉZßw»ŠgzÛ
MD÷ÔX~ 38(1) & 38(2)(i) ŠgzÛ~Mgç
tZÖpZEwƒñ÷X
38(1) -The state shall strive ........
.....(The Constitution of India p.21)
38(2)(i)-The state shall, in particular,
strive ........ .....(The Constitution of
India p.21)
ªxZVßvp[ÃÒ™,āz{ZyèÃg{ZñgÃZx
Š,X
gÉZßw»Šgz2
Šgz2~MJMgçMD÷
X-38(2)(ii),43,44,45,47(ii),48(i),48A,51Ô
~tZÖpZEwƒñ÷X
38(2)(ii),43,44,45,47(ii),48(i),48A,51-The
state shall endeavour ........ .....(The
Constitution of India p.21,23,24)
ªxZVßvÃÒ™,āz{ZyèÃg{ZñgÃZxŠ,X
Zy¬]Ð¥xƒZāLL7VÎwÃeóó»ÎfMyÒ~Šgz
~ìXÓ#ÖÆèÃg{!*ÑMJÛZø¬Zx5+k,ƒä
e’X2yz*yÅŠ2g‚iZÔªeZËZe™ZzgŠv
ZgZWäZ•ðƒ'~Æ‚BF‚ßV~Š2gy¯c*
åXQX¬©Zñg~CÙ¸xÃLL6,‘Ñóó6,¿ÅZYi]
Š2g~Š~Y_¶ÔZ7Zñg~7VÎwÃeÆÎfÅ
gl™**G«HƒZht™**ZzgÍUìÔQz{ÃyÐ
Zñg÷X~7VÎwÃeÅ!*]Š2g~½ˆì?ƒÓ
ЬZk6,WÅYñÔ@*ā|qwªCÙƒnX
Hì? 44 Ši
&yz*ãŠ2gÆa¸z~–ŠH 4 4 Mgç
42 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

42. ìXŠ2gy»aåz%œ/zgc*„Ó~xZV¡
Zzg0*g14zZÔÆfg=„**ÇZ
Å™)ÿìXÃg^Æ
fg=ZyZñg»Îf7ƒYXŠi44&qgzfsìX
44-The state shall endeavour to secure
for the citizens a uniform civil code
throughout the territory of India.(The
Constitution of India p.23)
Ši44&Ã**Ç™**¢zg~@Zc*]~Ð7ìXt‡ây
ÜsZkZkyÆ7Ã’k,HŠHåā÷áh+7VÎwÃe
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o~Zðzzu]»g8-aZƒXp±qÑ]ÊÙ
ƒñ¸™~M@*ìāZkÆÎfбúZxzpZm'×h+
)]~2ƒYNÐXYèoyZq-zWz²!
ê6,ŒMZÅ)åEZ<ØÔMZÅ©5é
G
EbZzgMZuyoì
ZzgCÙZq-è<ØzFZzg¸xz´‘ŏd$zpÄZq-
Šzu}Ð].ZìXZ,o~ZðzZŽŠÅ¸Zq-^
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Å 44 >‡ây‚iÆœgeZË]gZƒZe™äŠi
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YYìXM`ÀßvÜsŠi44&»jZ!7™D
÷ÔpeZËZe™Å=ô»f™7™DX>ðZÏ~
ìāŠi44&Ê2gyÐ{g`™Šc*YñÔzg:ZkMgç
Æ:Lyz*y~MñŠyZ%Ã]ƒDg÷ÐX
Š2gy»aåzxZV)®)Zzg0*g14
ÃZk~Š4 (Judiciary zZÔÆaºmìX°D)
Z0+Zi~™ä»ÃðhqÝ7X°DZkmÐŽF,]
zˆzm,7™CìÔtpŠyz*ãMMÆÜsìX
oy~7VÎwÃe»Îf**e
)1(Š2gyÆgÉZßwÆZ±gÐ%œ/~Ó#Ö7V
ÎwÃeÆÎfÆn¡F,(™$ËìÔ%œ/~Ó#Ö
),zg¸]ZCêt™zZä»Z(g7gBbXŠ2gyÆ
‚Â,ozw~ZyZñgÅz„Ó’k,ňìÔXÐ
0gc*4ZÔÇây‚i~»Z(gìXZkz„Ó~
÷áŠ~Ô:tÔzgZV$Ôz¤ÔYòÔ„YGZŠÔèpZg
Zzg**!*ÚZzÑŠÅñªÕz);Zñg÷áï÷XªZyZñgÆ
!*g}~gc*4ZÔ̱0*g14ŧb‡ây‚i~
™$Ëìc*0*g14Ƈây~F,çzp~Zzgv.s
zZŸ†™$ËìXZ+ßg]~¡±0*g14~7V
ÎwÃe0*kƒYäÐz{oÅÓxgc*2V~‡.Þ
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Jw:™BX
‚Â,ozwÅz„ÓÎxª0*g14ZzgZÔÆâÎ
(Æ0*v,v~ Concurrent List œāz„Ó)
43 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

43. %¸xìX
5-Marriage and divorce, infants and
minors, adoption, wills,intestacy and
succession, joint faimily and partition,
all matters in respect of which parties in
judicial proceeding were immediately
before the commencement of this
constitution subject to their personal
law.
(The Constitution of India p.332)
)2(yz*ã0*g14äPZ,¸Z2Ã0*kHìÔX
ÆZ±gЊ2g~îg6,o~7VÎwÃe»Îf**e
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÷XZ[Ši44&Ê2g~',ŒÛZgg´Ì‡.ÞZ‹ZnŒÛZg
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0*g14~cÅYñX
)Z³(‚w0691âY~**ÇCÅ**ǸxäoБÍ-CåGWÏ
Z(g™äÆa©].z4»gZ3Z(gHXÓ#Öyä
¯Y¤‰ÜZEwÅÔptŽ»:ƒeXMyÒ»g**ǸxÐ
rÆa!*]’A»ŸÑzqHŠHX**ǃVä
rÆaŠvÑZ_Æ‚BtÑog¿āZyÆèI
ZñgԁYîg§hVZzggzZY‡âyÆ_.°ZrÂx‡ì
™äÅ¢oJ-$Š~YñÔA$z{ÏgeZB
ÐX%œ/~Ó#Öä**ǸxÆÑZ_Ãt™Dƒñ
‚w2691âY~Š2gy~F,çÅZzg**ǃVÐç@{Æ
(~Mgç part XXI _.Š2gyÆZå,z)
»ZŸ†HZzgŠ2g~–ŠHX 371/A
)1(**ǃVÆèIZzgYgÎx)2(**ÇgzZY‡ây
ZzgŸÆ)3(**ÇgzZY‡âyÆ_.ÎwZzg¯].Zg~
lâ]ÆhV»Âx‡ìƒÇX0*g14Æˇây»
Z:t**ÇCÅgc*„Ó6,7ƒÇXMgç173&Z}Šg`
fsìX
371A.(1)Notwithstanding anything in
this constitution, (a)no act of parliament
in respect of-(i)religious or social
practices of the Nagas,(ii)Naga
customary law and procedure,
(iii)administration of civil and criminal
justice involving decisions according to
Naga customary law,(iv)ownership and
transfer of land and its resources, shall
apply to the state of Nagalang unless
the legislative assembly of Nagaland
by a resolution so decides.(The
Constitution of India p.251)
oÅ´‡ð‚YÃ',ŒÛZggppÆa%œ/~Ó#Öä
44 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

44. **ǃV»_ct™1Zzg7V‡ây¯].Zg~lâ]~
Ì**Ç:ƒeÔÉèIzYgÎxZzgRzpDZñg
Çâã^Šb7,~X
)[(**ÇCƈözgxzZßVäyz*yÆÜs
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ÅŒz]ïY¸]Ð_ÅÃÒÅÔp»x!:BXF
!*gÅ**»ñVƈöƒVÐ!*]’A»ŸÑzq
ƒZXöz¸xäÏgeZ%Ô©Œz]»™äÔyz*y»
z“WZzgyz*ã¸èZ(g™äÆaPÑZ_7
XX«Ñot¶āöz¸xÅ‘Í-CåGW{Ù|#ÃtHYñ
ZzgZkÆDÅJ-$Š~YñXZyÆèIԁYZzg
gzZY¸Z2ÃtHYñZzgZyèIÔgzZYzYgÎx
z¸Z2Æ_.°ZrŸƒVXFŠzg~!*]’AÆ
ˆÓ#ÖyäZkÑoÃJw™1Zzgöz¸xÐç@{Æ
part _.03&Žy6891âYÊ2gyÆZå,z)
»ZŸ†HŠHXZkÆfg= 371/G (~Mgç XXI
öz¸xÃtJ-$Š~ˆāöƒVÆèIzYgÎxZzggzZY
¸Z2zçZ*Æ_.ZyÆŸƒVÐX0*g14Æ
ˇây»Z:tözgxÅgc*„Ó6,7ƒÇXMgç
173&YqgzfsìX
371G.(1)Notwithstanding anything in
this constitution,(a)no act of parliament
in respect of-(i)religious or social
practices of the Mizos,(ii)Mizo
customary law and procedure,
(iii)administration of civil and criminal
justice involving decisions according to
Mizo customary law,(iv)ownership and
transfer of land and its resources, shall
apply to the state of Mizoram unless
the legislative assembly of Mizoram by
a r e s o l u t i o n s o d e c i d e s . ( T h e
Constitution of India p.265)
Z#±Š2gzMM~ÉŠc*ŠHā**ÇCZzgözgxÅ
gc*2V6,0*g14Æˇây»Z:t7ƒÇÂZ[
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&ÆaŠ2gy~Rö!*¹ì? 44 ÃZ+{?HZ[ÌŠi
Law ÑzMsZ&+c*»Î!ïCÎZÜ))
(Commission of India
&ZÆ',6102âYÃÑzMsZ&+c*Æç}eZË!Ïa;y 7
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45 âx)Zd|]',~Ñp102Yâ †g~7

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