Premium Call Girls In Jaipur {8445551418} ❤️VVIP SEEMA Call Girl in Jaipur Ra...
PMTCT OF HIV.pptx
1. PMTCT OF HIV
- CURRENT UPDATE -
by
DR. KENNEDY ADJEI FOSU
2. OUTLINE
• DEFINITIONS
• HIV – STATISTICS: GLOBAL & LOCAL
• MAGNITUDE OF THE MTCT PROBLEM
• PMTCT - RISK FACTORS
• PMTCT CONCEPT
3. DEFINITIONS
• PMTCT – Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission
• EMTCT – Elimination of Mother-To-Child Transmission
• Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, also known as ‘vertical
transmission’, refers to the transmission of HIV from a mother (living
with HIV) to her child during pregnancy, labour, delivery or
breastfeeding.
4. HIV – GLOBAL STATISTICS
• In 2022, an estimated:
• 39.0 million people globally were living with HIV
• Of this, 1.5 million (3.85%) were children aged 0-14
• 20.6 million (53%) were women and girls.
• 29.8 million (76.4%) people were accessing antiretroviral therapy
(ART)
• 1.3 million people became newly infected with HIV.
• 130,000 (10%) were children aged 0-9
• 598,000 (46%) were women and girls, 63% in sub-Saharan Africa.
• 630,000 people died from AIDS-related illnesses.
• AIDS-related mortality has declined by 55% among women and girls and by
47% among men and boys since 2010
5. • Testing and treatment targets (95-95-95)
• In 2022, among all persons living with HIV;
• 86% knew their status
• 76% were accessing treatment and
• 71% were virally suppressed
6. HIV - GHANA
• 346,120 people are living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana.
• The HIV prevalence rate stood at 1.7% among people aged 15-49 in
2021, marking a steady decrease since 2000.
• However, infections among females are almost double the rate of
infections among males.
• Antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT (% of pregnant women
living with HIV) in Ghana was reported at 87 % in 2021.
7. MAGNITUDE OF THE MTCT PROBLEM
• Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the second most common
mode of transmission, after sexual transmission, and accounts for HIV
infections in almost all children under 15years.
• Without treatment, the likelihood of HIV passing from mother-to-
child is 15% to 45%.
• 15-30% become infected during pregnancy and delivery
• 5-20% infected through breastfeeding
• However, ART and other effective PMTCT interventions can reduce
this risk to below 5%.
• Without diagnosis and treatment, 30% die before age 1 and 50%
before 2 years.
