Thus, the main function of the ECU or engine control unit is an electronic module or device in your vehicle to maintain and control the functions of the engine. Moreover, it can get the data from the electronic components and sensors and uses that data for controlling the engine. When the ECU of the Volkswagen is failed, you will notice that the check engine light is illuminated on the dashboard with other issues. The following slide defines the way to determine the failed ECU in Volkswagen.